我知道PHP没有本机枚举。但我已经从Java世界习惯了它们。我希望使用枚举作为一种方式来提供IDE的自动完成功能可以理解的预定义值。
常量可以解决这个问题，但是存在名称空间冲突问题（或实际上因为）它们是全局的。数组没有命名空间问题，但是它们太模糊了，它们可以在运行时被覆盖，IDE很少（从不？）知道如何自动填充它们的密钥。
您是否经常使用任何解决方案/解决方法？有没有人记得PHP家伙是否对枚举有任何想法或决定？
答案 0 :(得分：1415)
根据用例，我通常会使用 simple 之类的内容，如下所示：
abstract class DaysOfWeek
{
const Sunday = 0;
const Monday = 1;
// etc.
}
$today = DaysOfWeek::Sunday;
但是，其他用例可能需要更多的常量和值验证。根据以下关于反思的评论和a few other notes，这是一个扩展的例子，可以更好地服务于更广泛的案例：
abstract class BasicEnum {
private static $constCacheArray = NULL;
private static function getConstants() {
if (self::$constCacheArray == NULL) {
self::$constCacheArray = [];
}
$calledClass = get_called_class();
if (!array_key_exists($calledClass, self::$constCacheArray)) {
$reflect = new ReflectionClass($calledClass);
self::$constCacheArray[$calledClass] = $reflect->getConstants();
}
return self::$constCacheArray[$calledClass];
}
public static function isValidName($name, $strict = false) {
$constants = self::getConstants();
if ($strict) {
return array_key_exists($name, $constants);
}
$keys = array_map('strtolower', array_keys($constants));
return in_array(strtolower($name), $keys);
}
public static function isValidValue($value, $strict = true) {
$values = array_values(self::getConstants());
return in_array($value, $values, $strict);
}
}
通过创建一个扩展BasicEnum的简单枚举类，您现在可以使用方法进行简单的输入验证：
abstract class DaysOfWeek extends BasicEnum {
const Sunday = 0;
const Monday = 1;
const Tuesday = 2;
const Wednesday = 3;
const Thursday = 4;
const Friday = 5;
const Saturday = 6;
}
DaysOfWeek::isValidName('Humpday'); // false
DaysOfWeek::isValidName('Monday'); // true
DaysOfWeek::isValidName('monday'); // true
DaysOfWeek::isValidName('monday', $strict = true); // false
DaysOfWeek::isValidName(0); // false
DaysOfWeek::isValidValue(0); // true
DaysOfWeek::isValidValue(5); // true
DaysOfWeek::isValidValue(7); // false
DaysOfWeek::isValidValue('Friday'); // false
作为旁注，任何时候我在静态/ const类上使用至少一次的数据不会改变（例如在枚举中），我会缓存那些结果反射调用，因为每次使用新的反射对象最终都会产生明显的性能影响（存储在多个枚举的关联数组中）。
现在大多数人已经最终升级到至少5.3，并且SplEnum可用，这当然是一个可行的选择 - 只要你不介意传统上不直观的概念是在整个代码库中使用实际的枚举实例化。在上面的示例中，BasicEnum和DaysOfWeek根本无法实例化，也不能实例化。
答案 1 :(得分：167)
答案 2 :(得分：43)
类常数怎么样？
<?php
class YourClass
{
const SOME_CONSTANT = 1;
public function echoConstant()
{
echo self::SOME_CONSTANT;
}
}
echo YourClass::SOME_CONSTANT;
$c = new YourClass;
$c->echoConstant();
答案 3 :(得分：34)
上面的答案很棒。但是，如果您以两种不同的方式extend，那么无论哪种扩展首先导致对函数的调用都将创建缓存。然后，所有后续呼叫都将使用此缓存，无论呼叫是由...发起的哪个分机。
要解决此问题，请将变量和第一个函数替换为：
private static $constCacheArray = null;
private static function getConstants() {
if (self::$constCacheArray === null) self::$constCacheArray = array();
$calledClass = get_called_class();
if (!array_key_exists($calledClass, self::$constCacheArray)) {
$reflect = new \ReflectionClass($calledClass);
self::$constCacheArray[$calledClass] = $reflect->getConstants();
}
return self::$constCacheArray[$calledClass];
}
答案 4 :(得分：27)
我使用interface代替class：
interface DaysOfWeek
{
const Sunday = 0;
const Monday = 1;
// etc.
}
var $today = DaysOfWeek::Sunday;
答案 5 :(得分：26)
我使用了常量类：
class Enum {
const NAME = 'aaaa';
const SOME_VALUE = 'bbbb';
}
print Enum::NAME;
答案 6 :(得分：23)
我在这里评论了其他一些答案，所以我想我也会权衡。 在一天结束时，由于PHP不支持类型枚举，您可以采用以下两种方式之一：破解类型枚举，或者使用它们非常难以有效地破解这一事实。
我更喜欢接受这个事实，而是使用此处其他答案以某种方式使用的const方法：
abstract class Enum
{
const NONE = null;
final private function __construct()
{
throw new NotSupportedException(); //
}
final private function __clone()
{
throw new NotSupportedException();
}
final public static function toArray()
{
return (new ReflectionClass(static::class))->getConstants();
}
final public static function isValid($value)
{
return in_array($value, static::toArray());
}
}
枚举示例：
final class ResponseStatusCode extends Enum
{
const OK = 200;
const CREATED = 201;
const ACCEPTED = 202;
// ...
const SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE = 503;
const GATEWAY_TIME_OUT = 504;
const HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED = 505;
}
使用Enum作为所有其他枚举扩展的基类，允许使用辅助方法，例如toArray，isValid等。对我来说，键入的枚举（和管理他们的实例）最终太乱了。
如果，则存在__getStatic魔术方法（，最好是__equals魔术方法）其中大部分都可以通过多种模式。
（以下是假设; 不会工作，但也许有一天会）
final class TestEnum
{
private static $_values = [
'FOO' => 1,
'BAR' => 2,
'QUX' => 3,
];
private static $_instances = [];
public static function __getStatic($name)
{
if (isset(static::$_values[$name]))
{
if (empty(static::$_instances[$name]))
{
static::$_instances[$name] = new static($name);
}
return static::$_instances[$name];
}
throw new Exception(sprintf('Invalid enumeration value, "%s"', $name));
}
private $_value;
public function __construct($name)
{
$this->_value = static::$_values[$name];
}
public function __equals($object)
{
if ($object instanceof static)
{
return $object->_value === $this->_value;
}
return $object === $this->_value;
}
}
$foo = TestEnum::$FOO; // object(TestEnum)#1 (1) {
// ["_value":"TestEnum":private]=>
// int(1)
// }
$zap = TestEnum::$ZAP; // Uncaught exception 'Exception' with message
// 'Invalid enumeration member, "ZAP"'
$qux = TestEnum::$QUX;
TestEnum::$QUX == $qux; // true
'hello world!' == $qux; // false
答案 7 :(得分：22)
好吧，对于像php这样简单的java，我使用：
class SomeTypeName {
private static $enum = array(1 => "Read", 2 => "Write");
public function toOrdinal($name) {
return array_search($name, self::$enum);
}
public function toString($ordinal) {
return self::$enum[$ordinal];
}
}
并称之为：
SomeTypeName::toOrdinal("Read");
SomeTypeName::toString(1);
但我是一名PHP初学者，在语法方面苦苦挣扎，所以这可能不是最好的方法。我用类常量实验了一些，使用Reflection从它的值中获取常量名称，可能更整洁。
答案 8 :(得分：19)
基本语法如下所示：
enum TransportMode {
case Bicycle;
case Car;
case Ship;
case Plane;
case Feet;
}
function travelCost(Vehicle $vehicle, int $distance): int
{ /* implementation */ }
$mode = TransportMode::Boat;
$bikeCost = travelCost(TransportMode::Bicycle, 90);
$boatCost = travelCost($mode, 90);
// this one would fail: (Enums are singletons, not scalars)
$failCost = travelCost('Car', 90);
默认情况下，枚举不受任何类型的标量支持。所以 TransportMode::Bicycle 不是 0，您不能在枚举之间使用 > 或 < 进行比较。
但以下有效：
$foo = TransportMode::Car;
$bar = TransportMode::Car;
$baz = TransportMode::Bicycle;
$foo === $bar; // true
$bar === $baz; // false
$foo instanceof TransportMode; // true
$foo > $bar || $foo < $bar; // false either way
您还可以拥有“支持”的枚举，其中每个枚举案例都由 int 或 string“支持”。
enum Metal: int {
case Gold = 1932;
case Silver = 1049;
case Lead = 1134;
case Uranium = 1905;
case Copper = 894;
}
value 属性：Metal::Gold->value。最后，支持的枚举在内部实现了一个 BackedEnum 接口，它公开了两个方法：
from(int|string): selftryFrom(int|string): ?self它们几乎是等价的，但如果找不到值，第一个将抛出异常，第二个将简单地返回 null。
// usage example:
$metal_1 = Metal::tryFrom(1932); // $metal_1 === Metal::Gold;
$metal_2 = Metal::tryFrom(1000); // $metal_2 === null;
$metal_3 = Metal::from(9999); // throws Exception
枚举可能有方法，从而实现接口。
interface TravelCapable
{
public function travelCost(int $distance): int;
public function requiresFuel(): bool;
}
enum TransportMode: int implements TravelCapable{
case Bicycle = 10;
case Car = 1000 ;
case Ship = 800 ;
case Plane = 2000;
case Feet = 5;
public function travelCost(int $distance): int
{
return $this->value * $distance;
}
public function requiresFuel(): bool {
return match($this) {
TransportMode::Car, TransportMode::Ship, TransportMode::Plane => true,
TransportMode::Bicycle, TransportMode::Feet => false
}
}
}
$mode = TransportMode::Car;
$carConsumesFuel = $mode->requiresFuel(); // true
$carTravelCost = $mode->travelCost(800); // 800000
纯枚举和支持枚举在内部实现接口 UnitEnum，其中包括（静态）方法 UnitEnum::cases()，并允许检索枚举中定义的案例数组：
$modes = TransportMode::cases();
现在 $modes 是：
[
TransportMode::Bicycle,
TransportMode::Car,
TransportMode::Ship,
TransportMode::Plane
TransportMode::Feet
]
枚举可以实现自己的 static 方法，这些方法通常用于专门的构造函数。
这涵盖了基础知识。要了解全部内容，请继续访问 relevant RFC，直到该功能在 PHP 文档中发布并发布。
答案 9 :(得分：15)
四年后，我又遇到了这个。我目前的方法是这样，因为它允许在IDE中完成代码以及类型安全：
基类：
abstract class TypedEnum
{
private static $_instancedValues;
private $_value;
private $_name;
private function __construct($value, $name)
{
$this->_value = $value;
$this->_name = $name;
}
private static function _fromGetter($getter, $value)
{
$reflectionClass = new ReflectionClass(get_called_class());
$methods = $reflectionClass->getMethods(ReflectionMethod::IS_STATIC | ReflectionMethod::IS_PUBLIC);
$className = get_called_class();
foreach($methods as $method)
{
if ($method->class === $className)
{
$enumItem = $method->invoke(null);
if ($enumItem instanceof $className && $enumItem->$getter() === $value)
{
return $enumItem;
}
}
}
throw new OutOfRangeException();
}
protected static function _create($value)
{
if (self::$_instancedValues === null)
{
self::$_instancedValues = array();
}
$className = get_called_class();
if (!isset(self::$_instancedValues[$className]))
{
self::$_instancedValues[$className] = array();
}
if (!isset(self::$_instancedValues[$className][$value]))
{
$debugTrace = debug_backtrace();
$lastCaller = array_shift($debugTrace);
while ($lastCaller['class'] !== $className && count($debugTrace) > 0)
{
$lastCaller = array_shift($debugTrace);
}
self::$_instancedValues[$className][$value] = new static($value, $lastCaller['function']);
}
return self::$_instancedValues[$className][$value];
}
public static function fromValue($value)
{
return self::_fromGetter('getValue', $value);
}
public static function fromName($value)
{
return self::_fromGetter('getName', $value);
}
public function getValue()
{
return $this->_value;
}
public function getName()
{
return $this->_name;
}
}
示例枚举：
final class DaysOfWeek extends TypedEnum
{
public static function Sunday() { return self::_create(0); }
public static function Monday() { return self::_create(1); }
public static function Tuesday() { return self::_create(2); }
public static function Wednesday() { return self::_create(3); }
public static function Thursday() { return self::_create(4); }
public static function Friday() { return self::_create(5); }
public static function Saturday() { return self::_create(6); }
}
使用示例：
function saveEvent(DaysOfWeek $weekDay, $comment)
{
// store week day numeric value and comment:
$myDatabase->save('myeventtable',
array('weekday_id' => $weekDay->getValue()),
array('comment' => $comment));
}
// call the function, note: DaysOfWeek::Monday() returns an object of type DaysOfWeek
saveEvent(DaysOfWeek::Monday(), 'some comment');
请注意，相同枚举条目的所有实例都是相同的：
$monday1 = DaysOfWeek::Monday();
$monday2 = DaysOfWeek::Monday();
$monday1 === $monday2; // true
您也可以在switch语句中使用它：
function getGermanWeekDayName(DaysOfWeek $weekDay)
{
switch ($weekDay)
{
case DaysOfWeek::Monday(): return 'Montag';
case DaysOfWeek::Tuesday(): return 'Dienstag';
// ...
}
您还可以按名称或值创建枚举条目：
$monday = DaysOfWeek::fromValue(2);
$tuesday = DaysOfWeek::fromName('Tuesday');
或者您可以从现有的枚举条目中获取名称（即函数名称）：
$wednesday = DaysOfWeek::Wednesday()
echo $wednesDay->getName(); // Wednesday
答案 10 :(得分：7)
我也喜欢java中的枚举，因此我以这种方式编写我的枚举，我认为这是Java枚举中最类似的行为，当然，如果有人想从java中使用更多方法应该在这里写或者在抽象类中，但核心思想嵌入在下面的代码中
class FruitsEnum {
static $APPLE = null;
static $ORANGE = null;
private $value = null;
public static $map;
public function __construct($value) {
$this->value = $value;
}
public static function init () {
self::$APPLE = new FruitsEnum("Apple");
self::$ORANGE = new FruitsEnum("Orange");
//static map to get object by name - example Enum::get("INIT") - returns Enum::$INIT object;
self::$map = array (
"Apple" => self::$APPLE,
"Orange" => self::$ORANGE
);
}
public static function get($element) {
if($element == null)
return null;
return self::$map[$element];
}
public function getValue() {
return $this->value;
}
public function equals(FruitsEnum $element) {
return $element->getValue() == $this->getValue();
}
public function __toString () {
return $this->value;
}
}
FruitsEnum::init();
var_dump(FruitsEnum::$APPLE->equals(FruitsEnum::$APPLE)); //true
var_dump(FruitsEnum::$APPLE->equals(FruitsEnum::$ORANGE)); //false
var_dump(FruitsEnum::$APPLE instanceof FruitsEnum); //true
var_dump(FruitsEnum::get("Apple")->equals(FruitsEnum::$APPLE)); //true - enum from string
var_dump(FruitsEnum::get("Apple")->equals(FruitsEnum::get("Orange"))); //false
答案 11 :(得分：7)
如果您需要使用全局唯一的枚举（即使在比较不同枚举之间的元素时）并且易于使用，请随意使用以下代码。我还添加了一些我觉得有用的方法。您可以在代码最顶部的注释中找到示例。
<?php
/**
* Class Enum
*
* @author Christopher Fox <christopher.fox@gmx.de>
*
* @version 1.0
*
* This class provides the function of an enumeration.
* The values of Enum elements are unique (even between different Enums)
* as you would expect them to be.
*
* Constructing a new Enum:
* ========================
*
* In the following example we construct an enum called "UserState"
* with the elements "inactive", "active", "banned" and "deleted".
*
* <code>
* Enum::Create('UserState', 'inactive', 'active', 'banned', 'deleted');
* </code>
*
* Using Enums:
* ============
*
* The following example demonstrates how to compare two Enum elements
*
* <code>
* var_dump(UserState::inactive == UserState::banned); // result: false
* var_dump(UserState::active == UserState::active); // result: true
* </code>
*
* Special Enum methods:
* =====================
*
* Get the number of elements in an Enum:
*
* <code>
* echo UserState::CountEntries(); // result: 4
* </code>
*
* Get a list with all elements of the Enum:
*
* <code>
* $allUserStates = UserState::GetEntries();
* </code>
*
* Get a name of an element:
*
* <code>
* echo UserState::GetName(UserState::deleted); // result: deleted
* </code>
*
* Get an integer ID for an element (e.g. to store as a value in a database table):
* This is simply the index of the element (beginning with 1).
* Note that this ID is only unique for this Enum but now between different Enums.
*
* <code>
* echo UserState::GetDatabaseID(UserState::active); // result: 2
* </code>
*/
class Enum
{
/**
* @var Enum $instance The only instance of Enum (Singleton)
*/
private static $instance;
/**
* @var array $enums An array of all enums with Enum names as keys
* and arrays of element names as values
*/
private $enums;
/**
* Constructs (the only) Enum instance
*/
private function __construct()
{
$this->enums = array();
}
/**
* Constructs a new enum
*
* @param string $name The class name for the enum
* @param mixed $_ A list of strings to use as names for enum entries
*/
public static function Create($name, $_)
{
// Create (the only) Enum instance if this hasn't happened yet
if (self::$instance===null)
{
self::$instance = new Enum();
}
// Fetch the arguments of the function
$args = func_get_args();
// Exclude the "name" argument from the array of function arguments,
// so only the enum element names remain in the array
array_shift($args);
self::$instance->add($name, $args);
}
/**
* Creates an enumeration if this hasn't happened yet
*
* @param string $name The class name for the enum
* @param array $fields The names of the enum elements
*/
private function add($name, $fields)
{
if (!array_key_exists($name, $this->enums))
{
$this->enums[$name] = array();
// Generate the code of the class for this enumeration
$classDeclaration = "class " . $name . " {\n"
. "private static \$name = '" . $name . "';\n"
. $this->getClassConstants($name, $fields)
. $this->getFunctionGetEntries($name)
. $this->getFunctionCountEntries($name)
. $this->getFunctionGetDatabaseID()
. $this->getFunctionGetName()
. "}";
// Create the class for this enumeration
eval($classDeclaration);
}
}
/**
* Returns the code of the class constants
* for an enumeration. These are the representations
* of the elements.
*
* @param string $name The class name for the enum
* @param array $fields The names of the enum elements
*
* @return string The code of the class constants
*/
private function getClassConstants($name, $fields)
{
$constants = '';
foreach ($fields as $field)
{
// Create a unique ID for the Enum element
// This ID is unique because class and variables
// names can't contain a semicolon. Therefore we
// can use the semicolon as a separator here.
$uniqueID = $name . ";" . $field;
$constants .= "const " . $field . " = '". $uniqueID . "';\n";
// Store the unique ID
array_push($this->enums[$name], $uniqueID);
}
return $constants;
}
/**
* Returns the code of the function "GetEntries()"
* for an enumeration
*
* @param string $name The class name for the enum
*
* @return string The code of the function "GetEntries()"
*/
private function getFunctionGetEntries($name)
{
$entryList = '';
// Put the unique element IDs in single quotes and
// separate them with commas
foreach ($this->enums[$name] as $key => $entry)
{
if ($key > 0) $entryList .= ',';
$entryList .= "'" . $entry . "'";
}
return "public static function GetEntries() { \n"
. " return array(" . $entryList . ");\n"
. "}\n";
}
/**
* Returns the code of the function "CountEntries()"
* for an enumeration
*
* @param string $name The class name for the enum
*
* @return string The code of the function "CountEntries()"
*/
private function getFunctionCountEntries($name)
{
// This function will simply return a constant number (e.g. return 5;)
return "public static function CountEntries() { \n"
. " return " . count($this->enums[$name]) . ";\n"
. "}\n";
}
/**
* Returns the code of the function "GetDatabaseID()"
* for an enumeration
*
* @return string The code of the function "GetDatabaseID()"
*/
private function getFunctionGetDatabaseID()
{
// Check for the index of this element inside of the array
// of elements and add +1
return "public static function GetDatabaseID(\$entry) { \n"
. "\$key = array_search(\$entry, self::GetEntries());\n"
. " return \$key + 1;\n"
. "}\n";
}
/**
* Returns the code of the function "GetName()"
* for an enumeration
*
* @return string The code of the function "GetName()"
*/
private function getFunctionGetName()
{
// Remove the class name from the unique ID
// and return this value (which is the element name)
return "public static function GetName(\$entry) { \n"
. "return substr(\$entry, strlen(self::\$name) + 1 , strlen(\$entry));\n"
. "}\n";
}
}
?>
答案 12 :(得分：7)
我在github上找到了this library，我觉得它提供了一个非常好的替代方案。
function setAction(Action $action) { format，parse，...）final阻止它）<?php
use MyCLabs\Enum\Enum;
/**
* Action enum
*/
class Action extends Enum
{
const VIEW = 'view';
const EDIT = 'edit';
}
<?php
$action = new Action(Action::VIEW);
// or
$action = Action::VIEW();
<?php
function setAction(Action $action) {
// ...
}
答案 13 :(得分：5)
这是一个用于处理php中的类型安全枚举的github库：
这个库处理类生成，类缓存，它实现了Type Safe Enumeration设计模式，有几个辅助方法来处理枚举，比如为枚举组合检索枚举排序或检索二进制值的序数。
生成的代码使用普通的旧php模板文件，该文件也是可配置的，因此您可以提供自己的模板。
这是用phpunit覆盖的完整测试。
php-enums on github (feel free to fork)
<?php
//require the library
require_once __DIR__ . '/src/Enum.func.php';
//if you don't have a cache directory, create one
@mkdir(__DIR__ . '/cache');
EnumGenerator::setDefaultCachedClassesDir(__DIR__ . '/cache');
//Class definition is evaluated on the fly:
Enum('FruitsEnum', array('apple' , 'orange' , 'rasberry' , 'bannana'));
//Class definition is cached in the cache directory for later usage:
Enum('CachedFruitsEnum', array('apple' , 'orange' , 'rasberry' , 'bannana'), '\my\company\name\space', true);
echo 'FruitsEnum::APPLE() == FruitsEnum::APPLE(): ';
var_dump(FruitsEnum::APPLE() == FruitsEnum::APPLE()) . "\n";
echo 'FruitsEnum::APPLE() == FruitsEnum::ORANGE(): ';
var_dump(FruitsEnum::APPLE() == FruitsEnum::ORANGE()) . "\n";
echo 'FruitsEnum::APPLE() instanceof Enum: ';
var_dump(FruitsEnum::APPLE() instanceof Enum) . "\n";
echo 'FruitsEnum::APPLE() instanceof FruitsEnum: ';
var_dump(FruitsEnum::APPLE() instanceof FruitsEnum) . "\n";
echo "->getName()\n";
foreach (FruitsEnum::iterator() as $enum)
{
echo " " . $enum->getName() . "\n";
}
echo "->getValue()\n";
foreach (FruitsEnum::iterator() as $enum)
{
echo " " . $enum->getValue() . "\n";
}
echo "->getOrdinal()\n";
foreach (CachedFruitsEnum::iterator() as $enum)
{
echo " " . $enum->getOrdinal() . "\n";
}
echo "->getBinary()\n";
foreach (CachedFruitsEnum::iterator() as $enum)
{
echo " " . $enum->getBinary() . "\n";
}
FruitsEnum::APPLE() == FruitsEnum::APPLE(): bool(true)
FruitsEnum::APPLE() == FruitsEnum::ORANGE(): bool(false)
FruitsEnum::APPLE() instanceof Enum: bool(true)
FruitsEnum::APPLE() instanceof FruitsEnum: bool(true)
->getName()
APPLE
ORANGE
RASBERRY
BANNANA
->getValue()
apple
orange
rasberry
bannana
->getValue() when values have been specified
pig
dog
cat
bird
->getOrdinal()
1
2
3
4
->getBinary()
1
2
4
8
答案 14 :(得分：5)
答案 15 :(得分：5)
答案 16 :(得分：5)
abstract class Enumeration
{
public static function enum()
{
$reflect = new ReflectionClass( get_called_class() );
return $reflect->getConstants();
}
}
class Test extends Enumeration
{
const A = 'a';
const B = 'b';
}
foreach (Test::enum() as $key => $value) {
echo "$key -> $value<br>";
}
答案 17 :(得分：4)
以下我的Enum类定义是强类型，并且非常自然来使用和定义。
<强>定义：
class Fruit extends Enum {
static public $APPLE = 1;
static public $ORANGE = 2;
}
Fruit::initialize(); //Can also be called in autoloader
切换枚举
$myFruit = Fruit::$APPLE;
switch ($myFruit) {
case Fruit::$APPLE : echo "I like apples\n"; break;
case Fruit::$ORANGE : echo "I hate oranges\n"; break;
}
>> I like apples
传递枚举作为参数（强类型）
/** Function only accepts Fruit enums as input**/
function echoFruit(Fruit $fruit) {
echo $fruit->getName().": ".$fruit->getValue()."\n";
}
/** Call function with each Enum value that Fruit has */
foreach (Fruit::getList() as $fruit) {
echoFruit($fruit);
}
//Call function with Apple enum
echoFruit(Fruit::$APPLE)
//Will produce an error. This solution is strongly typed
echoFruit(2);
>> APPLE: 1
>> ORANGE: 2
>> APPLE: 1
>> Argument 1 passed to echoFruit() must be an instance of Fruit, integer given
Echo Enum as string
echo "I have an $myFruit\n";
>> I have an APPLE
按整数获取枚举
$myFruit = Fruit::getByValue(2);
echo "Now I have an $myFruit\n";
>> Now I have an ORANGE
按名称获取枚举
$myFruit = Fruit::getByName("APPLE");
echo "But I definitely prefer an $myFruit\n\n";
>> But I definitely prefer an APPLE
枚举类：
/**
* @author Torge Kummerow
*/
class Enum {
/**
* Holds the values for each type of Enum
*/
static private $list = array();
/**
* Initializes the enum values by replacing the number with an instance of itself
* using reflection
*/
static public function initialize() {
$className = get_called_class();
$class = new ReflectionClass($className);
$staticProperties = $class->getStaticProperties();
self::$list[$className] = array();
foreach ($staticProperties as $propertyName => &$value) {
if ($propertyName == 'list')
continue;
$enum = new $className($propertyName, $value);
$class->setStaticPropertyValue($propertyName, $enum);
self::$list[$className][$propertyName] = $enum;
} unset($value);
}
/**
* Gets the enum for the given value
*
* @param integer $value
* @throws Exception
*
* @return Enum
*/
static public function getByValue($value) {
$className = get_called_class();
foreach (self::$list[$className] as $propertyName=>&$enum) {
/* @var $enum Enum */
if ($enum->value == $value)
return $enum;
} unset($enum);
throw new Exception("No such enum with value=$value of type ".get_called_class());
}
/**
* Gets the enum for the given name
*
* @param string $name
* @throws Exception
*
* @return Enum
*/
static public function getByName($name) {
$className = get_called_class();
if (array_key_exists($name, static::$list[$className]))
return self::$list[$className][$name];
throw new Exception("No such enum ".get_called_class()."::\$$name");
}
/**
* Returns the list of all enum variants
* @return Array of Enum
*/
static public function getList() {
$className = get_called_class();
return self::$list[$className];
}
private $name;
private $value;
public function __construct($name, $value) {
$this->name = $name;
$this->value = $value;
}
public function __toString() {
return $this->name;
}
public function getValue() {
return $this->value;
}
public function getName() {
return $this->name;
}
}
<强>加成
您还可以为IDE添加注释
class Fruit extends Enum {
/**
* This comment is for autocomplete support in common IDEs
* @var Fruit A yummy apple
*/
static public $APPLE = 1;
/**
* This comment is for autocomplete support in common IDEs
* @var Fruit A sour orange
*/
static public $ORANGE = 2;
}
//This can also go to the autoloader if available.
Fruit::initialize();
答案 18 :(得分：4)
我意识到这是一个非常非常老的话题，但我想到了这一点并想知道人们的想法。
注意：我正在玩这个，并意识到如果我刚刚修改了__call()函数，你可以更接近实际的enums。 __call()函数处理所有未知函数调用。所以，假设您要制作三个enums RED_LIGHT，YELLOW_LIGHT和GREEN_LIGHT。您现在只需执行以下操作即可：
$c->RED_LIGHT();
$c->YELLOW_LIGHT();
$c->GREEN_LIGHT();
一旦定义，您只需要再次调用它们来获取值：
echo $c->RED_LIGHT();
echo $c->YELLOW_LIGHT();
echo $c->GREEN_LIGHT();
你应该得到0,1和2.玩得开心！现在也在GitHub上了。
更新：我已经做到了，所以现在都使用__get()和__set()函数。这些允许您不必调用函数，除非您愿意。相反，现在你可以说：
$c->RED_LIGHT;
$c->YELLOW_LIGHT;
$c->GREEN_LIGHT;
用于创建和获取值。因为最初没有定义变量，所以调用__get()函数（因为没有指定值），它看到数组中的条目尚未生成。因此它进行输入，将给定的最后一个值加上一个（+1），递增最后一个值变量，然后返回TRUE。如果设置值：
$c->RED_LIGHT = 85;
然后调用__set()函数，然后将最后一个值设置为新值加一（+1）。所以现在我们有一个相当好的方法来做枚举，它们可以在运行中创建。
<?php
################################################################################
# Class ENUMS
#
# Original code by Mark Manning.
# Copyrighted (c) 2015 by Mark Manning.
# All rights reserved.
#
# This set of code is hereby placed into the free software universe
# via the GNU greater license thus placing it under the Copyleft
# rules and regulations with the following modifications:
#
# 1. You may use this work in any other work. Commercial or otherwise.
# 2. You may make as much money as you can with it.
# 3. You owe me nothing except to give me a small blurb somewhere in
# your program or maybe have pity on me and donate a dollar to
# sim_sales@paypal.com. :-)
#
# Blurb:
#
# PHP Class Enums by Mark Manning (markem-AT-sim1-DOT-us).
# Used with permission.
#
# Notes:
#
# VIM formatting. Set tabs to four(4) spaces.
#
################################################################################
class enums
{
private $enums;
private $clear_flag;
private $last_value;
################################################################################
# __construct(). Construction function. Optionally pass in your enums.
################################################################################
function __construct()
{
$this->enums = array();
$this->clear_flag = false;
$this->last_value = 0;
if( func_num_args() > 0 ){
return $this->put( func_get_args() );
}
return true;
}
################################################################################
# put(). Insert one or more enums.
################################################################################
function put()
{
$args = func_get_args();
#
# Did they send us an array of enums?
# Ex: $c->put( array( "a"=>0, "b"=>1,...) );
# OR $c->put( array( "a", "b", "c",... ) );
#
if( is_array($args[0]) ){
#
# Add them all in
#
foreach( $args[0] as $k=>$v ){
#
# Don't let them change it once it is set.
# Remove the IF statement if you want to be able to modify the enums.
#
if( !isset($this->enums[$k]) ){
#
# If they sent an array of enums like this: "a","b","c",... then we have to
# change that to be "A"=>#. Where "#" is the current count of the enums.
#
if( is_numeric($k) ){
$this->enums[$v] = $this->last_value++;
}
#
# Else - they sent "a"=>"A", "b"=>"B", "c"=>"C"...
#
else {
$this->last_value = $v + 1;
$this->enums[$k] = $v;
}
}
}
}
#
# Nope! Did they just sent us one enum?
#
else {
#
# Is this just a default declaration?
# Ex: $c->put( "a" );
#
if( count($args) < 2 ){
#
# Again - remove the IF statement if you want to be able to change the enums.
#
if( !isset($this->enums[$args[0]]) ){
$this->enums[$args[0]] = $this->last_value++;
}
#
# No - they sent us a regular enum
# Ex: $c->put( "a", "This is the first enum" );
#
else {
#
# Again - remove the IF statement if you want to be able to change the enums.
#
if( !isset($this->enums[$args[0]]) ){
$this->last_value = $args[1] + 1;
$this->enums[$args[0]] = $args[1];
}
}
}
}
return true;
}
################################################################################
# get(). Get one or more enums.
################################################################################
function get()
{
$num = func_num_args();
$args = func_get_args();
#
# Is this an array of enums request? (ie: $c->get(array("a","b","c"...)) )
#
if( is_array($args[0]) ){
$ary = array();
foreach( $args[0] as $k=>$v ){
$ary[$v] = $this->enums[$v];
}
return $ary;
}
#
# Is it just ONE enum they want? (ie: $c->get("a") )
#
else if( ($num > 0) && ($num < 2) ){
return $this->enums[$args[0]];
}
#
# Is it a list of enums they want? (ie: $c->get( "a", "b", "c"...) )
#
else if( $num > 1 ){
$ary = array();
foreach( $args as $k=>$v ){
$ary[$v] = $this->enums[$v];
}
return $ary;
}
#
# They either sent something funky or nothing at all.
#
return false;
}
################################################################################
# clear(). Clear out the enum array.
# Optional. Set the flag in the __construct function.
# After all, ENUMS are supposed to be constant.
################################################################################
function clear()
{
if( $clear_flag ){
unset( $this->enums );
$this->enums = array();
}
return true;
}
################################################################################
# __call(). In case someone tries to blow up the class.
################################################################################
function __call( $name, $arguments )
{
if( isset($this->enums[$name]) ){ return $this->enums[$name]; }
else if( !isset($this->enums[$name]) && (count($arguments) > 0) ){
$this->last_value = $arguments[0] + 1;
$this->enums[$name] = $arguments[0];
return true;
}
else if( !isset($this->enums[$name]) && (count($arguments) < 1) ){
$this->enums[$name] = $this->last_value++;
return true;
}
return false;
}
################################################################################
# __get(). Gets the value.
################################################################################
function __get($name)
{
if( isset($this->enums[$name]) ){ return $this->enums[$name]; }
else if( !isset($this->enums[$name]) ){
$this->enums[$name] = $this->last_value++;
return true;
}
return false;
}
################################################################################
# __set(). Sets the value.
################################################################################
function __set( $name, $value=null )
{
if( isset($this->enums[$name]) ){ return false; }
else if( !isset($this->enums[$name]) && !is_null($value) ){
$this->last_value = $value + 1;
$this->enums[$name] = $value;
return true;
}
else if( !isset($this->enums[$name]) && is_null($value) ){
$this->enums[$name] = $this->last_value++;
return true;
}
return false;
}
################################################################################
# __destruct(). Deconstruct the class. Remove the list of enums.
################################################################################
function __destruct()
{
unset( $this->enums );
$this->enums = null;
return true;
}
}
#
# Test code
#
# $c = new enums();
# $c->RED_LIGHT(85);
# $c->YELLOW_LIGHT = 23;
# $c->GREEN_LIGHT;
#
# echo $c->RED_LIGHT . "\n";
# echo $c->YELLOW_LIGHT . "\n";
# echo $c->GREEN_LIGHT . "\n";
?>
答案 19 :(得分：4)
我已经开始使用下面的方法，因为它使我能够为函数参数提供类型安全性，在NetBeans中自动完成并具有良好的性能。我不太喜欢的一件事是你必须在定义类之后调用[extended class name]::enumerate();。
abstract class Enum {
private $_value;
protected function __construct($value) {
$this->_value = $value;
}
public function __toString() {
return (string) $this->_value;
}
public static function enumerate() {
$class = get_called_class();
$ref = new ReflectionClass($class);
$statics = $ref->getStaticProperties();
foreach ($statics as $name => $value) {
$ref->setStaticPropertyValue($name, new $class($value));
}
}
}
class DaysOfWeek extends Enum {
public static $MONDAY = 0;
public static $SUNDAY = 1;
// etc.
}
DaysOfWeek::enumerate();
function isMonday(DaysOfWeek $d) {
if ($d == DaysOfWeek::$MONDAY) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
$day = DaysOfWeek::$MONDAY;
echo (isMonday($day) ? "bummer it's monday" : "Yay! it's not monday");
答案 20 :(得分：3)
我知道这是一个旧线程，但是我看到的所有解决方法都没有看起来像枚举，因为几乎所有变通方法都要求您手动为枚举项分配值，或者它要求您传递枚举数组功能键。所以我为此创建了自己的解决方案。
要使用我的解决方案创建一个枚举类，可以简单地在下面扩展这个Enum类，创建一堆静态变量（不需要初始化它们），并在刚好定义下面调用yourEnumClass :: init（）你的枚举课。
编辑：这仅适用于php＆gt; = 5.3，但它可能也可以修改为适用于旧版本
/**
* A base class for enums.
*
* This class can be used as a base class for enums.
* It can be used to create regular enums (incremental indices), but it can also be used to create binary flag values.
* To create an enum class you can simply extend this class, and make a call to <yourEnumClass>::init() before you use the enum.
* Preferably this call is made directly after the class declaration.
* Example usages:
* DaysOfTheWeek.class.php
* abstract class DaysOfTheWeek extends Enum{
* static $MONDAY = 1;
* static $TUESDAY;
* static $WEDNESDAY;
* static $THURSDAY;
* static $FRIDAY;
* static $SATURDAY;
* static $SUNDAY;
* }
* DaysOfTheWeek::init();
*
* example.php
* require_once("DaysOfTheWeek.class.php");
* $today = date('N');
* if ($today == DaysOfTheWeek::$SUNDAY || $today == DaysOfTheWeek::$SATURDAY)
* echo "It's weekend!";
*
* Flags.class.php
* abstract class Flags extends Enum{
* static $FLAG_1;
* static $FLAG_2;
* static $FLAG_3;
* }
* Flags::init(Enum::$BINARY_FLAG);
*
* example2.php
* require_once("Flags.class.php");
* $flags = Flags::$FLAG_1 | Flags::$FLAG_2;
* if ($flags & Flags::$FLAG_1)
* echo "Flag_1 is set";
*
* @author Tiddo Langerak
*/
abstract class Enum{
static $BINARY_FLAG = 1;
/**
* This function must be called to initialize the enumeration!
*
* @param bool $flags If the USE_BINARY flag is provided, the enum values will be binary flag values. Default: no flags set.
*/
public static function init($flags = 0){
//First, we want to get a list of all static properties of the enum class. We'll use the ReflectionClass for this.
$enum = get_called_class();
$ref = new ReflectionClass($enum);
$items = $ref->getStaticProperties();
//Now we can start assigning values to the items.
if ($flags & self::$BINARY_FLAG){
//If we want binary flag values, our first value should be 1.
$value = 1;
//Now we can set the values for all items.
foreach ($items as $key=>$item){
if (!isset($item)){
//If no value is set manually, we should set it.
$enum::$$key = $value;
//And we need to calculate the new value
$value *= 2;
} else {
//If there was already a value set, we will continue starting from that value, but only if that was a valid binary flag value.
//Otherwise, we will just skip this item.
if ($key != 0 && ($key & ($key - 1) == 0))
$value = 2 * $item;
}
}
} else {
//If we want to use regular indices, we'll start with index 0.
$value = 0;
//Now we can set the values for all items.
foreach ($items as $key=>$item){
if (!isset($item)){
//If no value is set manually, we should set it, and increment the value for the next item.
$enum::$$key = $value;
$value++;
} else {
//If a value was already set, we'll continue from that value.
$value = $item+1;
}
}
}
}
}
答案 21 :(得分：3)
现在，您可以使用 SplEnum 类本机构建它。根据官方文档。
SplEnum提供了模拟和创建枚举对象的功能 原生于PHP。
<?php
class Month extends SplEnum {
const __default = self::January;
const January = 1;
const February = 2;
const March = 3;
const April = 4;
const May = 5;
const June = 6;
const July = 7;
const August = 8;
const September = 9;
const October = 10;
const November = 11;
const December = 12;
}
echo new Month(Month::June) . PHP_EOL;
try {
new Month(13);
} catch (UnexpectedValueException $uve) {
echo $uve->getMessage() . PHP_EOL;
}
?>
请注意，它是必须安装的扩展程序，但默认情况下不可用。这是php网站本身描述的Special Types。上面的例子来自PHP站点。
答案 22 :(得分：2)
接受的答案是要走的路，实际上我正在为简单而做。提供了枚举的大多数优点（可读，快速等）。然而，缺少一个概念：类型安全。在大多数语言中，枚举也用于限制允许的值。下面是如何通过使用私有构造函数，静态实例化方法和类型检查来获取类型安全性的示例：
class DaysOfWeek{
const Sunday = 0;
const Monday = 1;
// etc.
private $intVal;
private function __construct($intVal){
$this->intVal = $intVal;
}
//static instantiation methods
public static function MONDAY(){
return new self(self::Monday);
}
//etc.
}
//function using type checking
function printDayOfWeek(DaysOfWeek $d){ //compiler can now use type checking
// to something with $d...
}
//calling the function is safe!
printDayOfWeek(DaysOfWeek::MONDAY());
我们甚至可以走得更远：在DaysOfWeek类中使用常量可能会导致误用：例如：一个人可能错误地以这种方式使用它：
printDayOfWeek(DaysOfWeek::Monday); //triggers a compiler error.
这是错误的（调用整数常量）。我们可以使用私有静态变量而不是常量来防止这种情况：
class DaysOfWeeks{
private static $monday = 1;
//etc.
private $intVal;
//private constructor
private function __construct($intVal){
$this->intVal = $intVal;
}
//public instantiation methods
public static function MONDAY(){
return new self(self::$monday);
}
//etc.
//convert an instance to its integer value
public function intVal(){
return $this->intVal;
}
}
当然，不可能访问整数常量（这实际上是目的）。 intVal方法允许将DaysOfWeek对象转换为其整数表示。
请注意，我们甚至可以通过在实例化方法中实现缓存机制来进一步节省内存，以便广泛使用枚举...
希望这会有所帮助
答案 23 :(得分：2)
这里有一些很好的解决方案！
这是我的版本。
我认为主要的缺点是枚举成员必须单独声明和实例化，因为描述和PHP无法在静态成员声明时构造对象。我猜这种方法可能是使用带有解析文档注释的反射。
抽象枚举如下所示：
<?php
abstract class AbstractEnum
{
/** @var array cache of all enum instances by class name and integer value */
private static $allEnumMembers = array();
/** @var mixed */
private $code;
/** @var string */
private $description;
/**
* Return an enum instance of the concrete type on which this static method is called, assuming an instance
* exists for the passed in value. Otherwise an exception is thrown.
*
* @param $code
* @return AbstractEnum
* @throws Exception
*/
public static function getByCode($code)
{
$concreteMembers = &self::getConcreteMembers();
if (array_key_exists($code, $concreteMembers)) {
return $concreteMembers[$code];
}
throw new Exception("Value '$code' does not exist for enum '".get_called_class()."'");
}
public static function getAllMembers()
{
return self::getConcreteMembers();
}
/**
* Create, cache and return an instance of the concrete enum type for the supplied primitive value.
*
* @param mixed $code code to uniquely identify this enum
* @param string $description
* @throws Exception
* @return AbstractEnum
*/
protected static function enum($code, $description)
{
$concreteMembers = &self::getConcreteMembers();
if (array_key_exists($code, $concreteMembers)) {
throw new Exception("Value '$code' has already been added to enum '".get_called_class()."'");
}
$concreteMembers[$code] = $concreteEnumInstance = new static($code, $description);
return $concreteEnumInstance;
}
/**
* @return AbstractEnum[]
*/
private static function &getConcreteMembers() {
$thisClassName = get_called_class();
if (!array_key_exists($thisClassName, self::$allEnumMembers)) {
$concreteMembers = array();
self::$allEnumMembers[$thisClassName] = $concreteMembers;
}
return self::$allEnumMembers[$thisClassName];
}
private function __construct($code, $description)
{
$this->code = $code;
$this->description = $description;
}
public function getCode()
{
return $this->code;
}
public function getDescription()
{
return $this->description;
}
}
这是一个具体的枚举示例：
<?php
require('AbstractEnum.php');
class EMyEnum extends AbstractEnum
{
/** @var EMyEnum */
public static $MY_FIRST_VALUE;
/** @var EMyEnum */
public static $MY_SECOND_VALUE;
/** @var EMyEnum */
public static $MY_THIRD_VALUE;
public static function _init()
{
self::$MY_FIRST_VALUE = self::enum(1, 'My first value');
self::$MY_SECOND_VALUE = self::enum(2, 'My second value');
self::$MY_THIRD_VALUE = self::enum(3, 'My third value');
}
}
EMyEnum::_init();
可以这样使用：
<?php
require('EMyEnum.php');
echo EMyEnum::$MY_FIRST_VALUE->getCode().' : '.EMyEnum::$MY_FIRST_VALUE->getDescription().PHP_EOL.PHP_EOL;
var_dump(EMyEnum::getAllMembers());
echo PHP_EOL.EMyEnum::getByCode(2)->getDescription().PHP_EOL;
并产生此输出：
1：我的第一个值
数组（3）{
[1] =＆GT;
对象（EMyEnum）＃1（2）{
[ “代码”： “AbstractEnum”：私人] =＆GT;
INT（1）
[ “描述”： “AbstractEnum”：私人] =＆GT;
string（14）“我的第一个价值”
}
[2] =＆GT;
对象（EMyEnum）＃2（2）{
[ “代码”： “AbstractEnum”：私人] =＆GT;
INT（2）
[ “描述”： “AbstractEnum”：私人] =＆GT;
string（15）“我的第二个价值”
}
[3] =＆GT;
对象（EMyEnum）＃3（2）{
[ “代码”： “AbstractEnum”：私人] =＆GT;
INT（3）
[ “描述”： “AbstractEnum”：私人] =＆GT;
string（14）“我的第三个价值”
}
}我的第二个价值
答案 24 :(得分：2)
class DayOfWeek {
static $values = array(
self::MONDAY,
self::TUESDAY,
// ...
);
const MONDAY = 0;
const TUESDAY = 1;
// ...
}
$today = DayOfWeek::MONDAY;
// If you want to check if a value is valid
assert( in_array( $today, DayOfWeek::$values ) );
不要使用反射。这使得你很难推理你的代码并追踪使用的东西，并且往往会破坏静态分析工具（例如你的IDE中内置的东西）。
答案 25 :(得分：2)
这里的一些其他答案中缺少的一个方面是使用带有类型提示的枚举的方法。
如果将枚举定义为抽象类中的一组常量，例如
abstract class ShirtSize {
public const SMALL = 1;
public const MEDIUM = 2;
public const LARGE = 3;
}
然后你不能在函数参数中输入提示 - 对于一个，因为它不可实例化，而且因为ShirtSize::SMALL的类型是int，而不是ShirtSize。< / p>
这就是为什么PHP中的原生枚举会比我们想出的任何东西都好得多。但是，我们可以通过保持表示枚举值的私有属性来近似枚举，然后将此属性的初始化限制为我们预定义的常量。为了防止枚举被任意实例化（没有类型检查白名单的开销），我们将构造函数设为私有。
class ShirtSize {
private $size;
private function __construct ($size) {
$this->size = $size;
}
public function equals (ShirtSize $s) {
return $this->size === $s->size;
}
public static function SMALL () { return new self(1); }
public static function MEDIUM () { return new self(2); }
public static function LARGE () { return new self(3); }
}
然后我们可以像这样使用ShirtSize：
function sizeIsAvailable ($productId, ShirtSize $size) {
// business magic
}
if(sizeIsAvailable($_GET["id"], ShirtSize::LARGE())) {
echo "Available";
} else {
echo "Out of stock.";
}
$s2 = ShirtSize::SMALL();
$s3 = ShirtSize::MEDIUM();
echo $s2->equals($s3) ? "SMALL == MEDIUM" : "SMALL != MEDIUM";
这样，与用户的观点最大的区别在于你必须在常量名称上加()。
但有一个缺点是，当===返回true时，==（比较对象相等）将返回false。出于这个原因，最好提供equals方法，这样用户就不必记得使用==而不是===来比较两个枚举值。
编辑：现有的几个答案非常相似，特别是：https://stackoverflow.com/a/25526473/2407870。
答案 26 :(得分：2)
踩到@Brian Cline的答案，我以为我可以给我5美分
<?php
/**
* A class that simulates Enums behaviour
* <code>
* class Season extends Enum{
* const Spring = 0;
* const Summer = 1;
* const Autumn = 2;
* const Winter = 3;
* }
*
* $currentSeason = new Season(Season::Spring);
* $nextYearSeason = new Season(Season::Spring);
* $winter = new Season(Season::Winter);
* $whatever = new Season(-1); // Throws InvalidArgumentException
* echo $currentSeason.is(Season::Spring); // True
* echo $currentSeason.getName(); // 'Spring'
* echo $currentSeason.is($nextYearSeason); // True
* echo $currentSeason.is(Season::Winter); // False
* echo $currentSeason.is(Season::Spring); // True
* echo $currentSeason.is($winter); // False
* </code>
*
* Class Enum
*
* PHP Version 5.5
*/
abstract class Enum
{
/**
* Will contain all the constants of every enum that gets created to
* avoid expensive ReflectionClass usage
* @var array
*/
private static $_constCacheArray = [];
/**
* The value that separates this instance from the rest of the same class
* @var mixed
*/
private $_value;
/**
* The label of the Enum instance. Will take the string name of the
* constant provided, used for logging and human readable messages
* @var string
*/
private $_name;
/**
* Creates an enum instance, while makes sure that the value given to the
* enum is a valid one
*
* @param mixed $value The value of the current
*
* @throws \InvalidArgumentException
*/
public final function __construct($value)
{
$constants = self::_getConstants();
if (count($constants) !== count(array_unique($constants))) {
throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Enums cannot contain duplicate constant values');
}
if ($name = array_search($value, $constants)) {
$this->_value = $value;
$this->_name = $name;
} else {
throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Invalid enum value provided');
}
}
/**
* Returns the constant name of the current enum instance
*
* @return string
*/
public function getName()
{
return $this->_name;
}
/**
* Returns the value of the current enum instance
*
* @return mixed
*/
public function getValue()
{
return $this->_value;
}
/**
* Checks whether this enum instance matches with the provided one.
* This function should be used to compare Enums at all times instead
* of an identity comparison
* <code>
* // Assuming EnumObject and EnumObject2 both extend the Enum class
* // and constants with such values are defined
* $var = new EnumObject('test');
* $var2 = new EnumObject('test');
* $var3 = new EnumObject2('test');
* $var4 = new EnumObject2('test2');
* echo $var->is($var2); // true
* echo $var->is('test'); // true
* echo $var->is($var3); // false
* echo $var3->is($var4); // false
* </code>
*
* @param mixed|Enum $enum The value we are comparing this enum object against
* If the value is instance of the Enum class makes
* sure they are instances of the same class as well,
* otherwise just ensures they have the same value
*
* @return bool
*/
public final function is($enum)
{
// If we are comparing enums, just make
// sure they have the same toString value
if (is_subclass_of($enum, __CLASS__)) {
return get_class($this) === get_class($enum)
&& $this->getValue() === $enum->getValue();
} else {
// Otherwise assume $enum is the value we are comparing against
// and do an exact comparison
return $this->getValue() === $enum;
}
}
/**
* Returns the constants that are set for the current Enum instance
*
* @return array
*/
private static function _getConstants()
{
if (self::$_constCacheArray == null) {
self::$_constCacheArray = [];
}
$calledClass = get_called_class();
if (!array_key_exists($calledClass, self::$_constCacheArray)) {
$reflect = new \ReflectionClass($calledClass);
self::$_constCacheArray[$calledClass] = $reflect->getConstants();
}
return self::$_constCacheArray[$calledClass];
}
}
答案 27 :(得分：1)
指出解决方案效果很好。干净，光滑。
但是，如果您想要强类型枚举，可以使用：
class TestEnum extends Enum
{
public static $TEST1;
public static $TEST2;
}
TestEnum::init(); // Automatically initializes enum values
Enum类看起来像：
class Enum
{
public static function parse($enum)
{
$class = get_called_class();
$vars = get_class_vars($class);
if (array_key_exists($enum, $vars)) {
return $vars[$enum];
}
return null;
}
public static function init()
{
$className = get_called_class();
$consts = get_class_vars($className);
foreach ($consts as $constant => $value) {
if (is_null($className::$$constant)) {
$constantValue = $constant;
$constantValueName = $className . '::' . $constant . '_VALUE';
if (defined($constantValueName)) {
$constantValue = constant($constantValueName);
}
$className::$$constant = new $className($constantValue);
}
}
}
public function __construct($value)
{
$this->value = $value;
}
}
这样，枚举值是强类型的
TestEnum::$TEST1 === TestEnum::parse('TEST1') // true statement
答案 28 :(得分：1)
昨天我写了这个班on my blog。我认为在php脚本中使用它可能很容易：
final class EnumException extends Exception{}
abstract class Enum
{
/**
* @var array ReflectionClass
*/
protected static $reflectorInstances = array();
/**
* Массив конфигурированного объекта-константы enum
* @var array
*/
protected static $enumInstances = array();
/**
* Массив соответствий значение->ключ используется для проверки -
* если ли константа с таким значением
* @var array
*/
protected static $foundNameValueLink = array();
protected $constName;
protected $constValue;
/**
* Реализует паттерн "Одиночка"
* Возвращает объект константы, но но как объект его использовать не стоит,
* т.к. для него реализован "волшебный метод" __toString()
* Это должно использоваться только для типизачии его как параметра
* @paradm Node
*/
final public static function get($value)
{
// Это остается здесь для увеличения производительности (по замерам ~10%)
$name = self::getName($value);
if ($name === false)
throw new EnumException("Неизвестая константа");
$className = get_called_class();
if (!isset(self::$enumInstances[$className][$name]))
{
$value = constant($className.'::'.$name);
self::$enumInstances[$className][$name] = new $className($name, $value);
}
return self::$enumInstances[$className][$name];
}
/**
* Возвращает массив констант пар ключ-значение всего перечисления
* @return array
*/
final public static function toArray()
{
$classConstantsArray = self::getReflectorInstance()->getConstants();
foreach ($classConstantsArray as $k => $v)
$classConstantsArray[$k] = (string)$v;
return $classConstantsArray;
}
/**
* Для последующего использования в toArray для получения массива констант ключ->значение
* @return ReflectionClass
*/
final private static function getReflectorInstance()
{
$className = get_called_class();
if (!isset(self::$reflectorInstances[$className]))
{
self::$reflectorInstances[$className] = new ReflectionClass($className);
}
return self::$reflectorInstances[$className];
}
/**
* Получает имя константы по её значению
* @param string $value
*/
final public static function getName($value)
{
$className = (string)get_called_class();
$value = (string)$value;
if (!isset(self::$foundNameValueLink[$className][$value]))
{
$constantName = array_search($value, self::toArray(), true);
self::$foundNameValueLink[$className][$value] = $constantName;
}
return self::$foundNameValueLink[$className][$value];
}
/**
* Используется ли такое имя константы в перечислении
* @param string $name
*/
final public static function isExistName($name)
{
$constArray = self::toArray();
return isset($constArray[$name]);
}
/**
* Используется ли такое значение константы в перечислении
* @param string $value
*/
final public static function isExistValue($value)
{
return self::getName($value) === false ? false : true;
}
final private function __clone(){}
final private function __construct($name, $value)
{
$this->constName = $name;
$this->constValue = $value;
}
final public function __toString()
{
return (string)$this->constValue;
}
}
用法：
class enumWorkType extends Enum
{
const FULL = 0;
const SHORT = 1;
}
答案 29 :(得分：1)
这是我对“动态”枚举的看法...所以我可以用变量调用它，例如。从形式。
查看此代码块下方的更新版本...
$value = "concert";
$Enumvalue = EnumCategory::enum($value);
//$EnumValue = 1
class EnumCategory{
const concert = 1;
const festival = 2;
const sport = 3;
const nightlife = 4;
const theatre = 5;
const musical = 6;
const cinema = 7;
const charity = 8;
const museum = 9;
const other = 10;
public function enum($string){
return constant('EnumCategory::'.$string);
}
}
更新：更好的方式......
class EnumCategory {
static $concert = 1;
static $festival = 2;
static $sport = 3;
static $nightlife = 4;
static $theatre = 5;
static $musical = 6;
static $cinema = 7;
static $charity = 8;
static $museum = 9;
static $other = 10;
}
使用
进行通话EnumCategory::${$category};
答案 30 :(得分：1)
我根据Brian Cline的答案创建了一个库，名为greg0ire/enum 享受！
答案 31 :(得分：1)
最后，一个 PHP 7.1 + 答案带有不能被覆盖的常量。
/**
* An interface that groups HTTP Accept: header Media Types in one place.
*/
interface MediaTypes
{
/**
* Now, if you have to use these same constants with another class, you can
* without creating funky inheritance / is-a relationships.
* Also, this gets around the single inheritance limitation.
*/
public const HTML = 'text/html';
public const JSON = 'application/json';
public const XML = 'application/xml';
public const TEXT = 'text/plain';
}
/**
* An generic request class.
*/
abstract class Request
{
// Why not put the constants here?
// 1) The logical reuse issue.
// 2) Single Inheritance.
// 3) Overriding is possible.
// Why put class constants here?
// 1) The constant value will not be necessary in other class families.
}
/**
* An incoming / server-side HTTP request class.
*/
class HttpRequest extends Request implements MediaTypes
{
// This class can implement groups of constants as necessary.
}
如果使用的是名称空间，则代码补全应该起作用。
但是，这样做会失去在类族（protected）或单独类（private）中隐藏常量的能力。根据定义，Interface中的所有内容都是public。
答案 32 :(得分：0)
另一种方法是使用魔术方法 __set 并将枚举设为私有。
例如
class Human{
private $gender;
public function __set($key, $value){
if($key == 'day' && !in_array($value, array('Man', 'Woman')){
new Exception('Wrong value for '.__CLASS__.'->'.$key);
}
else{
$this->$key = $value;
}
...
}
}
每当类本身之外的代码尝试设置类属性时，就会调用这个魔术方法。 这适用于 PHP5 - 8。
答案 33 :(得分：0)
基于：this gist
所有枚举的基类：
abstract class Enum {
protected $val;
protected function __construct($arg) {
$this->val = $arg;
}
public function __toString() {
return $this->val;
}
public function __set($arg1, $arg2) {
throw new Exception("enum does not have property");
}
public function __get($arg1) {
throw new Exception("enum does not have property");
}
// not really needed
public function __call($arg1, $arg2) {
throw new Exception("enum does not have method");
}
// not really needed
static public function __callStatic($arg1, $arg2) {
throw new Exception("enum does not have static method");
}
}
您的枚举：
final class MyEnum extends Enum {
static public function val1() {
return new self("val1");
}
static public function val2() {
return new self("val2");
}
static public function val3() {
return new self("val3");
}
}
测试：
$a = MyEnum::val1();
echo "1.the enum value is '$a'\n";
function consumeMyEnum(MyEnum $arg) {
return "2.the return value is '$arg'\n";
}
echo consumeMyEnum($a);
$version = explode(".", PHP_VERSION);
if ($version[0] >= 7) {
try {
echo consumeMyEnum("val1");
} catch (TypeError $e) {
echo "3.passing argument error happens (PHP 7.0 and above)\n";
}
}
echo ($a == MyEnum::val1()) ? "4.same\n" : "4.different\n";
echo ($a == MyEnum::val2()) ? "5.same\n" : "5.different\n";
$b = MyEnum::val1();
echo ($a == $b) ? "6.same\n" : "6.different\n";
echo ($a === $b) ? "7.same\n" : "7.different\n";
$c = MyEnum::val2();
echo ($a == $c) ? "8.same\n" : "8.different\n";
echo ($a === $c) ? "9.same\n" : "9.different\n";
switch ($c) {
case MyEnum::val1(): echo "10.case of 1st\n"; break;
case MyEnum::val2(): echo "11.case of 2nd\n"; break;
case MyEnum::val3(): echo "12.case of 3rd\n"; break;
}
try {
$a->prop = 10;
} catch (Exception $e) {
echo "13.set property error happens\n";
}
try {
echo $a->prop;
} catch (Exception $e) {
echo "14.get property error happens\n";
}
try {
echo $a->meth();
} catch (Exception $e) {
echo "15.method call error happens\n";
}
try {
echo MyEnum::meth();
} catch (Exception $e) {
echo "16.static method call error happens\n";
}
class Ordinary {}
echo $a instanceof MyEnum ? "17.MyEnum instance\n" : "17.not MyEnum instance\n";
echo $a instanceof Enum ? "18.Enum instance\n" : "18.not Enum instance\n";
echo $a instanceof Ordinary ? "19.Ordinary instance\n" : "19.not Ordinary instance\n";
在线试用：sanbox
答案 34 :(得分：0)
如果你想要类型安全和一堆与该类型匹配的常量，一种方法是为你的枚举设置一个抽象类，然后用一个锁定的构造函数扩展该类，如下所示：
abstract class DaysOfWeekEnum{
public function __construct(string $value){
$this->value = $value;
}
public function __toString(){
return $this->value;
}
}
class Monday extends DaysOfWeekEnum{
public function __construct(){
parent::__construct("Monday");
}
}
class Tuesday extends DaysOfWeekEnum{
public function __construct(){
parent::__construct("Tuesday");
}
}
然后你可以让你的方法接受一个DaysOfWeek的实例并传递一个星期一，星期二等实例......唯一的缺点是每次你想要使用你的枚举时都要“新建”一个实例，但我发现它值得。
function printWeekDay(DaysOfWeek $day){
echo "Today is $day.";
}
printWeekDay(new Monday());
答案 35 :(得分：0)
不使用反射的更简单，更轻的版本：
abstract class enum {
private function __construct() {}
static function has($const) {
$name = get_called_class();
return defined("$name::$const");
}
static function value($const) {
$name = get_called_class();
return defined("$name::$const")? constant("$name::$const") : false;
}
}
用法：
class requestFormat extends enum { const HTML = 1; const JSON = 2; const XML = 3; const FORM = 4; }
echo requestFormat::value('JSON'); // 2
echo requestFormat::has('JSON'); // true
这给出了常量的优点，并且还允许检查它们的有效性，但它缺少其他更复杂的解决方案所提供的花哨的功能。这个问题，更明显的是无法检查值的反转（在示例中）以上，您无法检查＆＃29; 2＆＃39;是否为有效值
答案 36 :(得分：0)
我最近为PHP Enums开发了一个简单的库：https://github.com/dnl-blkv/simple-php-enum
在撰写此答案的那一刻，它仍然处于预发布阶段，但已经完全正常运行，有文档记录并在Packagist上发布。
如果您正在寻找类似于C / C ++的易于实现的枚举，这可能是一个方便的选项。
答案 37 :(得分：0)
我尝试使用PHP创建一个枚举...它非常有限，因为它不支持对象作为枚举值但仍然有用......
class ProtocolsEnum {
const HTTP = '1';
const HTTPS = '2';
const FTP = '3';
/**
* Retrieve an enum value
* @param string $name
* @return string
*/
public static function getValueByName($name) {
return constant('self::'. $name);
}
/**
* Retrieve an enum key name
* @param string $code
* @return string
*/
public static function getNameByValue($code) {
foreach(get_class_constants() as $key => $val) {
if($val == $code) {
return $key;
}
}
}
/**
* Retrieve associate array of all constants (used for creating droplist options)
* @return multitype:
*/
public static function toArray() {
return array_flip(self::get_class_constants());
}
private static function get_class_constants()
{
$reflect = new ReflectionClass(__CLASS__);
return $reflect->getConstants();
}
}
答案 38 :(得分：0)
// My Enumeration Class
class Enum
{
protected $m_actions = array();
public function __construct($actions)
{
$this->init($actions);
}
public function init($actions)
{
$this->m_actions = array();
for($i = 0; $i < count($actions); ++$i)
{
$this->m_actions[$actions[$i]] = ($i + 1);
define($actions[$i], ($i + 1));
}
}
public function toString($index)
{
$keys = array_keys($this->m_actions);
for($i = 0; $i < count($keys); ++$i)
{
if($this->m_actions[$keys[$i]] == $index)
{
return $keys[$i];
}
}
return "undefined";
}
public function fromString($str)
{
return $this->m_actions[$str];
}
}
// Enumeration creation
$actions = new Enum(array("CREATE", "READ", "UPDATE", "DELETE"));
// Examples
print($action_objects->toString(DELETE));
print($action_objects->fromString("DELETE"));
if($action_objects->fromString($_POST["myAction"]) == CREATE)
{
print("CREATE");
}
答案 39 :(得分：-3)
对于简单的枚举，我使用如下结构。通常，您可以将它们用于switch语句。
<?php
define("OPTION_1", "1");
define("OPTION_2", OPTION_1 + 1);
define("OPTION_3", OPTION_2 + 1);
// Some function...
switch($Val){
case OPTION_1:{ Perform_1();}break;
case OPTION_2:{ Perform_2();}break;
...
}
?>
它不像C ++中的本地枚举那样令人信服，但是如果你以后想要在它们之间添加一个选项，它似乎可以工作并且需要更少的维护。