我是Angular.js的新手,我需要在我的应用程序之间进行指令之间的一些通信,我阅读了一些关于链接和要求的文档,但无法准确理解它是如何工作的。
对于一个简单的例子,我有:活小提琴:http://jsfiddle.net/yw235n98/5/
HTML:
<body ng-app="myApp">
First Directive :
<first-dir >
<h3>{{firstCtrl.data}}</h3>
<button ng-click="firstCtrl.set('NEW VALUE')">Change Value</button>
</first-dir>
Second Directive :
<second-dir>
<h3>{{secondCtrl.data}}</h3>
</second-dir>
Javascript:
(function(){
var app = angular.module('myApp', []);
app.directive("firstDir", function(){
return {
restrict : 'E',
controller : function(){
this.data = 'init value';
this.set = function(value){
this.data = value;
// communication with second Directive ???
}
},
controllerAs : 'firstCtrl'
};
});
app.directive("secondDir", function(){
return {
restrict : 'E',
controller : function(){
this.data = 'init value';
},
controllerAs : 'secondCtrl'
};
});
})();
答案 0 :(得分:38)
使用所谓的事件可以在他们之间进行通信的一种方式。
一个指令可以在rootcope上发出一个事件,然后任何想要的人都可以监听它。您可以使用$rootScope.$emit
或$rootScope.$broadcast
发布包含数据的事件,并使用$scope.$on
收听该事件。在您的情况下,您也可以$scope.$emit
。
app.directive("firstDir", function(){
return {
restrict : 'E',
controller : function($scope){
this.data = 'init value';
this.set = function(value){
//EMIT THE EVENT WITH DATA
$scope.$emit('FIRST_DIR_UPDATED', value);
this.data = value;
// communication with second Directive ???
}
},
controllerAs : 'firstCtrl'
};
});
app.directive("secondDir", function(){
return {
restrict : 'E',
controller : function($scope){
var _that = this;
//LISTEN TO THE EVENT
$scope.$on('FIRST_DIR_UPDATED', function(e, data){
_that.data = data;
});
this.data = 'init value';
},
controllerAs : 'secondCtrl'
};
});
<强> ____________________________________________________________________________ 强>
现在谈到它,有时真的需要注入$rootScope
只是为了让应用程序中的另一个节点启用事件。您可以在应用程序中轻松构建pub / sub机制,并使用原型继承。
这里我在应用初始化期间在publish
原型上添加了2个方法subscribe
和$rootScope's
。因此,任何子范围或隔离范围都将提供这些方法,并且通信将变得如此简单,而不必担心是否使用$emit
,$broadcast
,是否需要注入$rootscope
来进行通信孤立的范围指令等。
app.service('PubSubService', function () {
return {Initialize:Initialize};
function Initialize (scope) {
//Keep a dictionary to store the events and its subscriptions
var publishEventMap = {};
//Register publish events
scope.constructor.prototype.publish = scope.constructor.prototype.publish
|| function () {
var _thisScope = this,
handlers,
args,
evnt;
//Get event and rest of the data
args = [].slice.call(arguments);
evnt = args.splice(0, 1);
//Loop though each handlerMap and invoke the handler
angular.forEach((publishEventMap[evnt] || []), function (handlerMap) {
handlerMap.handler.apply(_thisScope, args);
})
}
//Register Subscribe events
scope.constructor.prototype.subscribe = scope.constructor.prototype.subscribe
|| function (evnt, handler) {
var _thisScope = this,
handlers = (publishEventMap[evnt] = publishEventMap[evnt] || []);
//Just keep the scopeid for reference later for cleanup
handlers.push({ $id: _thisScope.$id, handler: handler });
//When scope is destroy remove the handlers that it has subscribed.
_thisScope.$on('$destroy', function () {
for(var i=0,l=handlers.length; i<l; i++){
if (handlers[i].$id === _thisScope.$id) {
handlers.splice(i, 1);
break;
}
}
});
}
}
}).run(function ($rootScope, PubSubService) {
PubSubService.Initialize($rootScope);
});
你可以在你的应用中找到任何地方发布一个事件而不需要rootScope。
$scope.publish('eventName', data);
并随时随地收听应用,无需担心使用$rootScope
或$emit
或$broadcast
: -
$scope.subscribe('eventName', function(data){
//do somthing
});
<强> Demo - PubSub 强>
答案 1 :(得分:17)
从您的示例中,指令结构不是父子。因此,您无法通过其控制器共享方法。我会用$rootScope.$broadcast
。 (见DOCS)
一个指令叫:
$rootScope.$broadcast('someEvent', [1,2,3]);
第二个指令侦听:
scope.$on('someEvent', function(event, mass) {
console.log(mass)}
);
演示 Fiddle
固定指令:
app.directive("firstDir", function ($rootScope) {
return {
restrict: 'E',
link: function (scope, element, attrs) {
scope.dataToPass = 'empty';
scope.doClick = function (valueToPass) {
scope.dataToPass = valueToPass;
$rootScope.$broadcast('someEvent', {
data: valueToPass
});
}
}
};
});
app.directive("secondDir", function () {
return {
restrict: 'E',
link: function (scope, element, attrs) {
scope.receivedData = 'none';
scope.$on('someEvent', function (event, result) {
scope.receivedData = result.data;
});
}
}
});
答案 2 :(得分:-1)
我正在使用的是导出指令控制器。假设我有以下指令:
app.directive('mainDirective', function () {
return {
require: 'mainDirective'
restrict: 'E',
scope: {
controller: '='
},
controller: [
'$scope',
function ($scope) {
// controller methods
this.doSomething = function () { ... },
$scope.controller = this
return this
}
],
link: function (scope, element, attrs, mainDirective) {
// some linking stuff
}
}
});
我的HTML看起来像这样:
<main-directive controller="mainDirective"></main-directive>
<sub-directive main-directive="mainDirective"></sub-directive>
如果我想从子指令控制main-directive,我可以轻松地从它的范围中抓取它并做任何我想要的事情......
app.directive('subDirective', function () {
return {
restrict: 'E',
scope: {
mainDirective: '='
}
link: function (scope, element, attrs) {
// do something with main directive
scope.mainDirective.doSomething();
}
}
});