我正在尝试通过Windows中的GUI应用程序在Selenium脚本中打开Firefox浏览器。使用python.exe runw.py
时,它运行很好,但是当我使用pythonw.exe runw.py
运行时,浏览器无法启动。相反,它抛出了我这个例外:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "bin\runw.py", line 215, in process_instance
instance.setup()
File "bin\mixin.py", line 181, in setup
self.browser = self.get_firefox_browser()
File "bin\mixin.py", line 166, in get_firefox_browser
firefox_binary=binary, firefox_profile=profile)
File "C:\myvirtualenv\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\webdriver.py", line 59, in __init__
self.binary, timeout),
File "C:\myvirtualenv\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\extension_connection.py", line 47, in __init__
self.binary.launch_browser(self.profile)
File "C:\myvirtualenv\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\firefox_binary.py", line 60, in launch_browser
self._start_from_profile_path(self.profile.path)
File "C:\myvirtualenv\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\firefox_binary.py", line 83, in _start_from_profile_path
env=self._firefox_env).communicate()
File "C:\Python27\Lib\subprocess.py", line 702, in __init__
errread, errwrite), to_close = self._get_handles(stdin, stdout, stderr)
File "C:\Python27\Lib\subprocess.py", line 833, in _get_handles
p2cread = self._make_inheritable(p2cread)
File "C:\Python27\Lib\subprocess.py", line 884, in _make_inheritable
_subprocess.DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS)
WindowsError: [Error 6] The handle is invalid
问题当然在于没有stdin
或stdout
(我不确定),因为它在这一行(firefox_binary.py
)失败了:
def _start_from_profile_path(self, path):
...
Popen(command, stdout=self._log_file, stderr=STDOUT,
env=self._firefox_env).communicate()
command[1] = '-foreground'
self.process = Popen(
command, stdout=self._log_file, stderr=STDOUT,
env=self._firefox_env)
我在运行浏览器之前尝试用输出文件覆盖syd.stdout
,但它不起作用:
sys.stdout = sys.stderr = open('log.txt', 'a+')
我正在运行Python2.7和Selenium 2.40。 Selenium如何与pythonw
一起运行?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
就像@falsetru所说,subprocess
正在尝试用户文件描述符0
。如果所有句柄都有效(或者它们都是None
),则子进程调用将仅工作,并且由于pythonw
是Windows进程且没有任何句柄,我被迫将FirefoxBinary
子类化为使用nul
句柄:
class WindowsFirefoxBinary(FirefoxBinary):
def _start_from_profile_path(self, path):
self._firefox_env["XRE_PROFILE_PATH"] = path
if platform.system().lower() == 'linux':
self._modify_link_library_path()
command = [self._start_cmd, "-silent"]
if self.command_line is not None:
for cli in self.command_line:
command.append(cli)
# Added stdin argument:
nul = open(os.devnull, 'w+')
Popen(command, stdin=nul, stdout=self._log_file or nul, stderr=STDOUT,
env=self._firefox_env).communicate()
command[1] = '-foreground'
self.process = Popen(
command, stdin=nul, stdout=self._log_file or nul, stderr=STDOUT,
env=self._firefox_env)
这样我在创建WebDriver实例时可以使用自己的二进制文件:
binary = WindowsFirefoxBinary()
browser = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_binary=binary)
这可能是一个错误或只是Selenium与Python for Windows的不兼容。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
似乎subprocess
尝试使用stdin(文件描述符0
,而不是sys.stdin
)。
解决方法:在脚本开头打开读取文件(使subprocess
代码使用的文件描述符为0)。
import os
open(os.devnull, 'r')