如何确定Windows中物理安装的内存量?

时间:2010-03-25 14:30:31

标签: c++ memory system

我需要记录用户有多少RAM的信息。我的第一种方法是使用GlobalMemoryStatusEx,但这只能给我窗口可用的内存量,而不是安装量。我发现这个函数Ge​​tPhysicallyInstalledSystemMemory但它只有Vista和更高版本。我需要这个在XP上工作。是否有一种相当简单的方法可以查询GetPhysicallyInstalledSystemMemory正在使用的SMBIOS信息,或者是否存在我可以找到的注册表值。

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

您应该查看Win32_ComputerSystem类(WMI)和TotalPhysicalMemory属性。有很多方法可以通过。System.Management命名空间访问托管代码来访问这些信息(我使用C#,所以我自己没有尝试过使用visual studio进行c ++开发)。您还可以创建一个脚本来直接运行WMI并让您的c ++程序调用该脚本。

更新:您还可以查看Win32_PhysicalMemory类(请查看Capacity属性)。这将缓解由于BIOS使用某些RAM等导致的不准确读数。

更新2:

我在C#(3.5)和Windows XP(SP 2)中尝试过这种方法,但它确实有用。我相信你可以用C ++中的相同WMI类做类似的事情(至少通过Visual Studio)。它没有问题,所以它不是Vista或更大的问题。我不确定这是否正是您正在寻找的,但此代码将返回系统的总物理内存容量(而不是多少是免费的)。希望这就是你的意思。无论如何,这里有一些示例代码,它们可以找到每个RAM的内容,并显示每个内容的一些信息(包括容量),然后显示底部的总数:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Management;
using System.Text;

namespace WmiTest
{
    public class RamCounter
    {
        private List<RamStick> _ramSticks;
        private int _totalRam;
        private StringBuilder _stringRepresentation;

        public RamCounter()
        {
            _ramSticks = new List<RamStick>();
            _totalRam = 0;
            _stringRepresentation = new StringBuilder();
        }

        public void GetRamSticks()
        {
            _ramSticks.Clear();
            _totalRam = 0;

            ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_PhysicalMemory");
            ManagementObjectCollection queryCollection = searcher.Get();

            foreach (ManagementObject mo in queryCollection)
            {
                _ramSticks.Add(
                    new RamStick(Convert.ToUInt64(mo.GetPropertyValue("Capacity")),
                                 mo.GetPropertyValue("DeviceLocator").ToString(),
                                 mo.GetPropertyValue("Description").ToString(),
                                 Convert.ToUInt32(mo.GetPropertyValue("FormFactor")),
                                 Convert.ToUInt32(mo.GetPropertyValue("Speed"))));
            }
        }

        public override string ToString()
        {
            _stringRepresentation.Capacity = 0;

            foreach (RamStick rs in _ramSticks)
            {
                _stringRepresentation.Append(rs.ToString());
                _totalRam += rs.CapacityInMB;
            }

            _stringRepresentation.Append("Total RAM(MB): " + _totalRam);
            return _stringRepresentation.ToString();
        }
    }

    public class RamStick
    {
        private UInt64 _capacity;
        private UInt32 _formFactor;

        public RamStick(UInt64 capacity, string location, string description, UInt32 formFactor, UInt32 speed)
        {
            _capacity = capacity;
            Location = location;
            Description = description;
            _formFactor = formFactor;
            Speed = speed;
        }

        public int CapacityInMB
        {
            get { return Convert.ToInt32(_capacity / (1024 * 1024)); }
        }

        public string Location
        {
            get;
            private set;
        }

        public string Description
        {
            get;
            private set;
        }

        public string GetFormFactor()
        {
            string formFactor = string.Empty;

            switch (_formFactor)
            {
                case 1:
                    formFactor = "Other";
                    break;

                case 2:
                    formFactor = "SIP";
                    break;

                case 3:
                    formFactor = "DIP";
                    break;

                case 4:
                    formFactor = "ZIP";
                    break;

                case 5:
                    formFactor = "SOJ";
                    break;

                case 6:
                    formFactor = "Proprietary";
                    break;

                case 7:
                    formFactor = "SIMM";
                    break;

                case 8:
                    formFactor = "DIMM";
                    break;

                case 9:
                    formFactor = "TSOP";
                    break;

                case 10:
                    formFactor = "PGA";
                    break;

                case 11:
                    formFactor = "RIMM";
                    break;

                case 12:
                    formFactor = "SODIMM";
                    break;

                case 13:
                    formFactor = "SRIMM";
                    break;

                case 14:
                    formFactor = "SMD";
                    break;

                case 15:
                    formFactor = "SSMP";
                    break;

                case 16:
                    formFactor = "QFP";
                    break;

                case 17:
                    formFactor = "TQFP";
                    break;

                case 18:
                    formFactor = "SOIC";
                    break;

                case 19:
                    formFactor = "LCC";
                    break;

                case 20:
                    formFactor = "PLCC";
                    break;

                case 21:
                    formFactor = "BGA";
                    break;

                case 22:
                    formFactor = "FPBGA";
                    break;

                case 23:
                    formFactor = "LGA";
                    break;

                default:
                    formFactor = "Unknown";
                    break;
            }

            return formFactor;
        }

        public UInt32 Speed
        {
            get;
            private set;
        }

        public override string ToString()
        {
            return string.Format("Description:{1}{0}" 
                               + "Location:{2}{0}"
                               + "Form Factor:{3}{0}"
                               + "Speed:{4}{0}"
                               + "Capacity(MB):{5}{0}{0}",

                               Environment.NewLine,
                               Description,
                               Location,
                               GetFormFactor(),
                               Speed,
                               CapacityInMB);
        }
    }
}

使用代码:

private void btnRam_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    RamCounter rc = new RamCounter();
    rc.GetRamSticks();
    MessageBox.Show(rc.ToString());
}

我机器的样品输出:

Description: Physical Memory
Location: J6H1
Format Factor: DIMM
Speed: 667
Capacity(MB): 1024

Description: Physical Memory
Location: J6H2
Format Factor: DIMM
Speed: 667
Capacity(MB): 1024

Description: Physical Memory
Location: J6J1
Format Factor: DIMM
Speed: 667
Capacity(MB): 1024

Total RAM(MB): 3072

答案 1 :(得分:2)

我认为WMI可能会向您提供此信息......

http://briandesmond.com/blog/getting-total-installed-memory-with-wmi/

答案 2 :(得分:2)

编辑:我会使用steelbytes的答案,但是如果你不能使用WMI出于某种原因,你可以这样做:

我不相信Vista之前的Windows版本会跟踪此信息 - 您必须执行一些系统特定的BIOS或主板枚举才能在Vista之前找到真正的价值。最好的办法是调用新的API GetPhysicallyInstalledSystemMemory,并为XP系统故障转移到GlobalMemoryStatusEx

答案 3 :(得分:1)

GlobalMemoryStatusEx返回的值之一是ullTotalPhys,这似乎是您正在寻找的。

ram用于视频内存的东西不在那里,但我怀疑是否有办法实现这一点。