Question

当我尝试使用非标准的HTTP方法，如PATCH和URLConnection：

    HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) new URL("http://example.com").openConnection();
    conn.setRequestMethod("PATCH");

我得到一个例外：

java.net.ProtocolException: Invalid HTTP method: PATCH
at java.net.HttpURLConnection.setRequestMethod(HttpURLConnection.java:440)

使用像Jersey这样的更高级别的API会产生相同的错误。是否有解决方法来发出PATCH HTTP请求？

Answer 1

有很多好的答案，所以这是我的：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class SupportPatch {
    public static void main(String... args) throws IOException {
        allowMethods("PATCH");

        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) new URL("http://example.com").openConnection();
        conn.setRequestMethod("PATCH");
    }

    private static void allowMethods(String... methods) {
        try {
            Field methodsField = HttpURLConnection.class.getDeclaredField("methods");

            Field modifiersField = Field.class.getDeclaredField("modifiers");
            modifiersField.setAccessible(true);
            modifiersField.setInt(methodsField, methodsField.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);

            methodsField.setAccessible(true);

            String[] oldMethods = (String[]) methodsField.get(null);
            Set<String> methodsSet = new LinkedHashSet<>(Arrays.asList(oldMethods));
            methodsSet.addAll(Arrays.asList(methods));
            String[] newMethods = methodsSet.toArray(new String[0]);

            methodsField.set(null/*static field*/, newMethods);
        } catch (NoSuchFieldException | IllegalAccessException e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        }
    }
}

它也使用反射，但不是黑客入侵每个连接对象，而是在内部检查HttpURLConnection＃方法静态字段。

Answer 2

OpenJDK中存在一个不会修复的错误：https://bugs.openjdk.java.net/browse/JDK-7016595

然而，使用Apache Http-Components Client 4.2+，这是可能的。它具有自定义网络实现，因此可以使用非标准HTTP方法，如PATCH。它甚至还有一个支持补丁方法的HttpPatch类。

CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPatch httpPatch = new HttpPatch(new URI("http://example.com"));
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPatch);

Maven坐标：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>4.2+</version>
</dependency>

Answer 3

我有相同的异常，并编写了套接字解决方案（在groovy中），但我会在java的答案形式中为你翻译：

String doInvalidHttpMethod(String method, String resource){
        Socket s = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("google.com"), 80);
        PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream());
        pw.println(method +" "+resource+" HTTP/1.1");
        pw.println("User-Agent: my own");
        pw.println("Host: google.com:80");
        pw.println("Content-Type: */*");
        pw.println("Accept: */*");
        pw.println("");
        pw.flush();
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
        String t = null;
        String response = ""; 
        while((t = br.readLine()) != null){
            response += t;
        }
        br.close();
        return response;
    }

我认为它适用于java。您必须更改服务器和端口号，记住也要更改Host标头，也许您必须捕获一些异常。

最好的问候

Answer 4

如果您在Oracle的JRE上使用HttpsURLConnection，则此帖子和related post中描述的反映不起作用，因为sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl正在使用method来自java.net.HttpURLConnection的{{1}}的字段！

完整的工作解决方案是：

DelegateHttpsURLConnection

Answer 5

使用答案：

HttpURLConnection Invalid HTTP method: PATCH

我创建了一个示例请求并且像魅力一样工作：

public void request(String requestURL, String authorization, JsonObject json) {

    try {

        URL url = new URL(requestURL);
        httpConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
        httpConn.setRequestMethod("POST");
        httpConn.setRequestProperty("X-HTTP-Method-Override", "PATCH");
        httpConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
        httpConn.setRequestProperty("Authorization", authorization);
        httpConn.setRequestProperty("charset", "utf-8");

        DataOutputStream wr = new DataOutputStream(httpConn.getOutputStream());
        wr.writeBytes(json.toString());
        wr.flush();
        wr.close();

        httpConn.connect();

        String response = finish();

        if (response != null && !response.equals("")) {
            created = true;
        }
    } 
    catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

public String finish() throws IOException {

    String response = "";

    int status = httpConn.getResponseCode();
    if (status == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK || status == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_CREATED) {
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                httpConn.getInputStream()));
        String line = null;
        while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            response += line;
        }
        reader.close();
        httpConn.disconnect();
    } else {
        throw new IOException("Server returned non-OK status: " + status);
    }

    return response;
}

我希望它可以帮到你。

Answer 6

如果项目在Spring / Gradle上;以下解决方案将进行锻炼。

对于build.gradle，添加以下依赖项;

import d3plus from 'npm:d3plus';

在你的@SpringBootApplication类中定义以下bean com.company.project;

compile('org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.5.2')

这个解决方案对我有用。

Answer 7

我们遇到了同样的问题，行为略有不同。我们使用apache cxf库进行其余调用。对我们来说，PATCH工作正常，直到我们正在讨论我们的虚假服务，这些服务是通过http工作的。在我们与实际系统（超过https）集成的那一刻，我们开始面临跟随堆栈跟踪的相同问题。

java.net.ProtocolException: Invalid HTTP method: PATCH  at java.net.HttpURLConnection.setRequestMethod(HttpURLConnection.java:428) ~[na:1.7.0_51]   at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.setRequestMethod(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:374) ~[na:1.7.0_51]   at org.apache.cxf.transport.http.URLConnectionHTTPConduit.setupConnection(URLConnectionHTTPConduit.java:149) ~[cxf-rt-transports-http-3.1.14.jar:3.1.14]

问题出现在这行代码中

connection.setRequestMethod(httpRequestMethod); in URLConnectionHTTPConduit class of cxf library

现在失败的真正原因是

java.net.HttpURLConnection contains a methods variable which looks like below
/* valid HTTP methods */
    private static final String[] methods = {
        "GET", "POST", "HEAD", "OPTIONS", "PUT", "DELETE", "TRACE"
    };

我们可以看到没有定义PATCH方法，因此错误是有意义的。我们尝试了很多不同的东西，并查看堆栈溢出。唯一合理的答案是使用反射来修改方法变量以注入另一个值“PATCH”。但不知何故，我们不相信使用它，因为解决方案是一种破解，工作太多，可能会产生影响，因为我们有一个共同的库来建立所有连接并执行这些REST调用。

但后来我们意识到cxf库本身正在处理异常，并且在catch块中编写了代码以使用反射添加缺少的方法。

try {
        connection.setRequestMethod(httpRequestMethod);
    } catch (java.net.ProtocolException ex) {
        Object o = message.getContextualProperty(HTTPURL_CONNECTION_METHOD_REFLECTION);
        boolean b = DEFAULT_USE_REFLECTION;
        if (o != null) {
            b = MessageUtils.isTrue(o);
        }
        if (b) {
            try {
                java.lang.reflect.Field f = ReflectionUtil.getDeclaredField(HttpURLConnection.class, "method");
                if (connection instanceof HttpsURLConnection) {
                    try {
                        java.lang.reflect.Field f2 = ReflectionUtil.getDeclaredField(connection.getClass(),
                                                                                     "delegate");
                        Object c = ReflectionUtil.setAccessible(f2).get(connection);
                        if (c instanceof HttpURLConnection) {
                            ReflectionUtil.setAccessible(f).set(c, httpRequestMethod);
                        }

                        f2 = ReflectionUtil.getDeclaredField(c.getClass(), "httpsURLConnection");
                        HttpsURLConnection c2 = (HttpsURLConnection)ReflectionUtil.setAccessible(f2)
                                .get(c);

                        ReflectionUtil.setAccessible(f).set(c2, httpRequestMethod);
                    } catch (Throwable t) {
                        //ignore
                        logStackTrace(t);
                    }
                }
                ReflectionUtil.setAccessible(f).set(connection, httpRequestMethod);
                message.put(HTTPURL_CONNECTION_METHOD_REFLECTION, true);
            } catch (Throwable t) {
                logStackTrace(t);
                throw ex;
            }
        }

现在这给了我们一些希望，所以我们花了一些时间阅读代码并发现如果我们为URLConnectionHTTPConduit.HTTPURL_CONNECTION_METHOD_REFLECTION提供一个属性，那么我们可以使cxf执行异常处理程序，我们的工作完成为默认情况下由于下面的代码

，变量将被赋值为false

DEFAULT_USE_REFLECTION = 
        Boolean.valueOf(SystemPropertyAction.getProperty(HTTPURL_CONNECTION_METHOD_REFLECTION, "false"));

所以这就是我们必须做的工作

WebClient.getConfig(client).getRequestContext().put("use.httpurlconnection.method.reflection", true);

或

WebClient.getConfig(client).getRequestContext().put(HTTPURL_CONNECTION_METHOD_REFLECTION, true);

WebClient来自cxf库本身。

希望这个答案有所帮助。

Answer 8

另一个肮脏的黑客解决方案是反思：

private void setVerb(HttpURLConnection cn, String verb) throws IOException {

  switch (verb) {
    case "GET":
    case "POST":
    case "HEAD":
    case "OPTIONS":
    case "PUT":
    case "DELETE":
    case "TRACE":
      cn.setRequestMethod(verb);
      break;
    default:
      // set a dummy POST verb
      cn.setRequestMethod("POST");
      try {
        // Change protected field called "method" of public class HttpURLConnection
        setProtectedFieldValue(HttpURLConnection.class, "method", cn, verb);
      } catch (Exception ex) {
        throw new IOException(ex);
      }
      break;
  }
}

public static <T> void setProtectedFieldValue(Class<T> clazz, String fieldName, T object, Object newValue) throws Exception {
    Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField(fieldName);

    field.setAccessible(true);
    field.set(object, newValue);
 }

Answer 9

即使您无法直接访问HttpUrlConnection，也可以找到可行的详细解决方案（例如在此处使用Jersey客户端时PATCH request using Jersey Client

Answer 10

如果您的服务器使用的是ASP.NET Core，则只需添加以下代码即可使用标头X-HTTP-Method-Override指定HTTP方法，如accepted answer中所述。

app.Use((context, next) => {
    var headers = context.Request.Headers["X-HTTP-Method-Override"];
    if(headers.Count == 1) {
        context.Request.Method = headers.First();
    }
    return next();
});

在致电Startup.Configure之前，只需在app.UseMvc()中添加此代码。

Answer 11

在API 16的模拟器中，我收到了一个例外：java.net.ProtocolException: Unknown method 'PATCH'; must be one of [OPTIONS, GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, DELETE, TRACE]。

虽然接受的答案有效，但我想添加一个细节。在新的API PATCH中运行良好，因此与https://github.com/OneDrive/onedrive-sdk-android/issues/16一起使用时应该写：

if (method.equals("PATCH") && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
    httpConnection.setRequestProperty("X-HTTP-Method-Override", "PATCH");
    httpConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
} else {
    httpConnection.setRequestMethod(method);
}

在API 16,19,21中测试后，我将JELLY_BEAN_MR2更改为KITKAT。

Answer 12

我和泽西客户一起得到了我的。解决方法是：

Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
client.property(HttpUrlConnectorProvider.SET_METHOD_WORKAROUND, true);

Answer 13

 **CloseableHttpClient http = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
            HttpPatch updateRequest = new HttpPatch("URL");
            updateRequest.setEntity(new StringEntity("inputjsonString", ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON));
            updateRequest.setHeader("Bearer", "auth");
            HttpResponse response = http.execute(updateRequest);
JSONObject result = new JSONObject(IOUtils.toString(response.getEntity().getContent()));**

maven插件

> <dependency>
>                 <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
>                 <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
>                 <version>4.3.4</version>
>                 <!-- Exclude Commons Logging in favor of SLF4j -->
>                 <exclusions>
>                     <exclusion>
>                         <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
>                         <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
>                     </exclusion>
>                 </exclusions> 
>             </dependency>

真的可以使用它

Answer 14

对于任何使用Spring restTemplate寻找详细答案的人。

如果将SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory用作restTemplate的ClientHttpRequestFactory，则会遇到问题。

来自java.net.HttpURLConnection：

/* valid HTTP methods */
private static final String[] methods = {
    "GET", "POST", "HEAD", "OPTIONS", "PUT", "DELETE", "TRACE"
};

由于不支持PATCH操作，因此将执行同一类的以下代码行：

throw new ProtocolException("Invalid HTTP method: " + method);

我最终使用了与@hirosht在他的answer中建议的相同的内容。

Answer 15

在Java 11+中，您可以使用HttpRequest类来执行所需的操作：

import java.net.http.HttpRequest;

HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
               .uri(URI.create(uri))
               .method("PATCH", HttpRequest.BodyPublishers.ofString(message))
               .header("Content-Type", "text/xml")
               .build();

HttpURLConnection无效的HTTP方法：PATCH

15 个答案: