Question

我正在从头开始创建一个新的Selenium解决方案，并且遇到了一个我想要解决的错误，如果有人可以帮忙的话。

首先，我使用MsTest框架有一个通用的app.config ...

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <section name="specFlow" type="TechTalk.SpecFlow.Configuration.ConfigurationSectionHandler, TechTalk.SpecFlow" />
  </configSections>
  <specFlow>
    <unitTestProvider name="MsTest" />
  </specFlow>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="Browser" value="Chrome" />
  </appSettings>
</configuration>

创建app.config文件的目的是让我可以操作appSettings并将任何值传递给键值'Browser'。

using System;
using System.Configuration;  
using NUnit.Framework;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome; 
using OpenQA.Selenium.IE;     
using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;
using TechTalk.SpecFlow;

namespace Automation
{
    [Binding]
    [TestFixture]
    public class GoogleTests_Chrome
    {
        private IWebDriver _driver;

        [TestFixtureSetUp]
        public void FixtureSetup()
        {
            switch (ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Browser"])
            {
                case "Chrome":
                    _driver = new ChromeDriver();
                    _driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 30));
                    _driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteAllCookies();
                    _driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();
                    break;
                case "Firefox":
                    _driver = new FirefoxDriver();
                    _driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 30));
                    _driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteAllCookies();
                    _driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();
                    break;
                case "IE":
                    _driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
                    _driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 30));
                    _driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteAllCookies();
                    _driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();
                    break;
                default:
                    Console.WriteLine("Defaulting to Firefox");
                    _driver = new FirefoxDriver();
                    _driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 30));
                    _driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteAllCookies();
                    _driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();
                    break;
            }
        }

        [Given("I have navigated to (.*) in my web browser")]
        public void TestSetUp(string url)
        {
            _driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(url);
        }

        [Then("I want to verify that the page has loaded successfully")]
        public void GooglePageTitle()
        {
            Assert.AreEqual("Google", _driver.Title);
        }

        [TestFixtureTearDown]
        public void FixtureTearDown()
        {
            if (_driver != null) _driver.Quit();
        }
    }
}

在此阶段，我创建了一个简单的specFlow功能文件，如下所示执行以下步骤。

Feature: AutomationFeature

@mytag
Scenario: Navigate to the Google homepage
    Given I have navigated to http://www.google.com in my web browser
    Then I want to verify that the page has loaded successfully

不幸的是，每当我运行测试时，我都会收到以下错误“{”对象引用未设置为对象的实例。“}'。我注意到_driver值返回null。有任何想法吗？

谢谢:)

Answer 1

你在哪里调用FixtureSetup方法？为什么不在这个方法上设置断点并查看它是否被调用。如果调用该方法，请检查为什么它不会出现在任何情况下。

我发布的代码中没有[Test]属性的方法。

编辑：

[TestFixture]
class GoogleTestsChrome
{
    [Test]
    public void GoogleTest()
    {
         try
         {
              FixtureSetup();

              _driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(url);
              Assert.AreEqual("Google", _driver.Title);
         }
         finally
         {
              _driver.Quit();
         }

    }
}

Answer 2

您的问题是您正在混合specflow和正常的单元测试。

使用specflow时，为您生成单元测试，因此您不需要在步骤中使用任何单元测试属性。

尝试从绑定类中删除所有单元测试基础结构，并使用specflow定义的属性执行相同的操作，如下所示：

using System;
using System.Configuration;  
using NUnit.Framework;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome; 
using OpenQA.Selenium.IE;     
using OpenQA.Selenium.Firefox;
using TechTalk.SpecFlow;

namespace Automation
{
    [Binding]    
    public class GoogleTests_Chrome
    {
        private IWebDriver _driver;

        [BeforeScenario]
        public void FixtureSetup()
        {
            switch (ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Browser"])
            {
                case "Chrome":
                    _driver = new ChromeDriver();
                    _driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 30));
                    _driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteAllCookies();
                    _driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();
                    break;
                case "Firefox":
                    _driver = new FirefoxDriver();
                    _driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 30));
                    _driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteAllCookies();
                    _driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();
                    break;
                case "IE":
                    _driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
                    _driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 30));
                    _driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteAllCookies();
                    _driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();
                    break;
                default:
                    Console.WriteLine("Defaulting to Firefox");
                    _driver = new FirefoxDriver();
                    _driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitlyWait(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 30));
                    _driver.Manage().Cookies.DeleteAllCookies();
                    _driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();
                    break;
            }
        }

        [Given("I have navigated to (.*) in my web browser")]
        public void TestSetUp(string url)
        {
            _driver.Navigate().GoToUrl(url);
        }

        [Then("I want to verify that the page has loaded successfully")]
        public void GooglePageTitle()
        {
            Assert.AreEqual("Google", _driver.Title);
        }

        [AfterScenario]
        public void FixtureTearDown()
        {
            if (_driver != null) _driver.Quit();
        }
    }
}

您还有一个问题是您已经参数化了这个方法：

[Given("I have navigated to (.*) in my web browser")]
public void TestSetUp(string url)

但不是这一个：

[Then("I want to verify that the page has loaded successfully")]
public void GooglePageTitle()

这意味着除非您将Google网址传递给TestSetup方法，否则您的Then步骤将失败。您应该在Then步骤中传入要查看的标题，例如

[Then("The page should have loaded successfully and the title should be '(.*)'")]
public void ValidatePageHasLoadedSuccessfully(string title)

Answer 3

Fixture设置不适用于SpecFlow。如果您只是尝试创建浏览器，我建议使用this blog post中所述的上下文文件。否则，您需要将设置和拆卸定义为[BeforeScenario（“mytag”）]或[AfterScenario（“mytag”）]。有关类似内容，请参阅this question。

如何从头开始设置硒溶液

3 个答案: