好的，所以我要抓住这里有人曾经使用过zxing的机会。我正在开发一个Java应用程序，它需要做的一件事就是将一个字节数组数据编码为QR代码，然后再对其进行解码。
以下是我的编码器的示例：
byte[] b = {0x48, 0x45, 0x4C, 0x4C, 0x4F};
//convert the byte array into a UTF-8 string
String data;
try {
data = new String(b, "UTF8");
}
catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
//the program shouldn't be able to get here
return;
}
//get a byte matrix for the data
ByteMatrix matrix;
com.google.zxing.Writer writer = new QRCodeWriter();
try {
matrix = writer.encode(data, com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height);
}
catch (com.google.zxing.WriterException e) {
//exit the method
return;
}
//generate an image from the byte matrix
int width = matrix.getWidth();
int height = matrix.getHeight();
byte[][] array = matrix.getArray();
//create buffered image to draw to
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
//iterate through the matrix and draw the pixels to the image
for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
int grayValue = array[y][x] & 0xff;
image.setRGB(x, y, (grayValue == 0 ? 0 : 0xFFFFFF));
}
}
//write the image to the output stream
ImageIO.write(image, "png", outputStream);
此代码中的起始字节数组仅用于测试它。实际的字节数据会有所不同。
这是我的解码器的样子：
//get the data from the input stream
BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(inputStream);
//convert the image to a binary bitmap source
LuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);
BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));
//decode the barcode
QRCodeReader reader = new QRCodeReader();
Result result;
try {
result = reader.decode(bitmap, hints);
} catch (ReaderException e) {
//the data is improperly formatted
throw new MCCDatabaseMismatchException();
}
byte[] b = result.getRawBytes();
System.out.println(ByteHelper.convertUnsignedBytesToHexString(result.getText().getBytes("UTF8")));
System.out.println(ByteHelper.convertUnsignedBytesToHexString(b));
convertUnsignedBytesToHexString(byte)是一个转换十六进制字符串的字节数组的方法。
当我尝试将这两个代码块一起运行时，这就是输出：
48454c4c4f
202b0b78cc00ec11ec11ec11ec11ec11ec11ec
显然文本正在编码，但实际的数据字节完全关闭。这里有任何帮助。
答案 0 :(得分：48)
因此，对于任何不想花两天时间在网上搜索的人来说，将字节数组编码为QR码时，你必须使用ISO-8859-1字符集，而不是UTF-8。
答案 1 :(得分：18)
这是我的工作示例Java代码，使用带有UTF-8编码的ZXing对QR代码进行编码，请注意：您需要将路径和utf8数据更改为路径和语言字符
package com.mypackage.qr;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.CharBuffer;
import java.nio.charset.CharacterCodingException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.charset.CharsetEncoder;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter;
import com.google.zxing.common.*;
public class CreateQR {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Charset charset = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
CharsetEncoder encoder = charset.newEncoder();
byte[] b = null;
try {
// Convert a string to UTF-8 bytes in a ByteBuffer
ByteBuffer bbuf = encoder.encode(CharBuffer.wrap("utf 8 characters - i used hebrew, but you should write some of your own language characters"));
b = bbuf.array();
} catch (CharacterCodingException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
String data;
try {
data = new String(b, "UTF-8");
// get a byte matrix for the data
BitMatrix matrix = null;
int h = 100;
int w = 100;
com.google.zxing.Writer writer = new MultiFormatWriter();
try {
Hashtable<EncodeHintType, String> hints = new Hashtable<EncodeHintType, String>(2);
hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8");
matrix = writer.encode(data,
com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, w, h, hints);
} catch (com.google.zxing.WriterException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
// change this path to match yours (this is my mac home folder, you can use: c:\\qr_png.png if you are on windows)
String filePath = "/Users/shaybc/Desktop/OutlookQR/qr_png.png";
File file = new File(filePath);
try {
MatrixToImageWriter.writeToFile(matrix, "PNG", file);
System.out.println("printing to " + file.getAbsolutePath());
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
答案 2 :(得分：5)
对于它的价值，我的groovy spike似乎适用于UTF-8和ISO-8859-1字符编码。不确定非zxing解码器尝试解码UTF-8编码图像时会发生什么......可能会因设备而异。
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Requires: groovy-1.7.6, jdk1.6.0_03, ./lib with zxing core-1.7.jar, javase-1.7.jar
// Javadocs: http://zxing.org/w/docs/javadoc/overview-summary.html
// Run with: groovy -cp "./lib/*" zxing.groovy
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
import com.google.zxing.*
import com.google.zxing.common.*
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.*
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage
import javax.imageio.ImageIO
def class zxing {
def static main(def args) {
def filename = "./qrcode.png"
def data = "This is a test to see if I can encode and decode this data..."
def charset = "UTF-8" //"ISO-8859-1"
def hints = new Hashtable<EncodeHintType, String>([(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET): charset])
writeQrCode(filename, data, charset, hints, 100, 100)
assert data == readQrCode(filename, charset, hints)
}
def static writeQrCode(def filename, def data, def charset, def hints, def width, def height) {
BitMatrix matrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(new String(data.getBytes(charset), charset), BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hints)
MatrixToImageWriter.writeToFile(matrix, filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf('.')+1), new File(filename))
}
def static readQrCode(def filename, def charset, def hints) {
BinaryBitmap binaryBitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(ImageIO.read(new FileInputStream(filename)))))
Result result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(binaryBitmap, hints)
result.getText()
}
}
答案 3 :(得分：2)
也许值得一看QRGen，它是建立在ZXing之上的，并且使用这种语法支持UTF-8：
// if using special characters don't forget to supply the encoding
VCard johnSpecial = new VCard("Jöhn Dɵe")
.setAdress("ëåäöƞ Sträät 1, 1234 Döestüwn");
QRCode.from(johnSpecial).withCharset("UTF-8").file();
答案 4 :(得分：1)
如果您确实需要编码UTF-8，可以尝试在unicode字节顺序标记前加上。我不知道对这种方法的支持有多广泛，但ZXing至少似乎支持它： http://code.google.com/p/zxing/issues/detail?id=103
我最近一直在读QR模式，我想我看过其他地方提到的相同做法，但我不是最模糊的地方。
答案 5 :(得分：0)
我在第一个答案中尝试使用ISO-8859-1。所有的编码都没问题，但是当我尝试在解码时使用结果字符串获取byte []时，所有负字节都成为字符63（问号）。以下代码不起作用：
// Encoding works great
byte[] contents = new byte[]{-1};
QRCodeWriter codeWriter = new QRCodeWriter();
BitMatrix bitMatrix = codeWriter.encode(new String(contents, Charset.forName("ISO-8859-1")), BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, w, h);
// Decodes like this fails
LuminanceSource ls = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(encodedBufferedImage);
Result result = new QRCodeReader().decode(new BinaryBitmap( new HybridBinarizer(ls)));
byte[] resultBytes = result.getText().getBytes(Charset.forName("ISO-8859-1")); // a byte[] with byte 63 is given
return resultBytes;
它看起来很奇怪，因为非常旧版本的API（完全不确切）有一个方法可以很好地运行：
Vector byteSegments = result.getByteSegments();
所以我尝试搜索为什么删除此方法并意识到有一种方法可以通过元数据获取ByteSegments。所以我的解码方法如下：
// Decodes like this works perfectly
LuminanceSource ls = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(encodedBufferedImage);
Result result = new QRCodeReader().decode(new BinaryBitmap( new HybridBinarizer(ls)));
Vector byteSegments = (Vector) result.getResultMetadata().get(ResultMetadataType.BYTE_SEGMENTS);
int i = 0;
int tam = 0;
for (Object o : byteSegments) {
byte[] bs = (byte[])o;
tam += bs.length;
}
byte[] resultBytes = new byte[tam];
i = 0;
for (Object o : byteSegments) {
byte[] bs = (byte[])o;
for (byte b : bs) {
resultBytes[i++] = b;
}
}
return resultBytes;