我有一个python脚本，它有__main__语句，并且所有值都是参数化的。 我想在我自己的脚本中导入和使用它。
实际上我可以导入但不知道如何使用它。
如下所示，__ main__有点复杂，重写需要时间，因为我甚至不知道大多数代码的意思。
想知道有没有办法导入代码并将其用作函数？
import os
import sys
import time
import base64
from urllib2 import urlopen
from urllib2 import Request
from urllib2 import HTTPError
from urllib import urlencode
from urllib import quote
from exceptions import Exception
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
from email.encoders import encode_noop
from api_util import json2python, python2json
class MalformedResponse(Exception):
pass
class RequestError(Exception):
pass
class Client(object):
default_url = 'http://nova.astrometry.net/api/'
def __init__(self,
apiurl = default_url):
self.session = None
self.apiurl = apiurl
def get_url(self, service):
return self.apiurl + service
def send_request(self, service, args={}, file_args=None):
'''
service: string
args: dict
'''
if self.session is not None:
args.update({ 'session' : self.session })
print 'Python:', args
json = python2json(args)
print 'Sending json:', json
url = self.get_url(service)
print 'Sending to URL:', url
# If we're sending a file, format a multipart/form-data
if file_args is not None:
m1 = MIMEBase('text', 'plain')
m1.add_header('Content-disposition', 'form-data; name="request-json"')
m1.set_payload(json)
m2 = MIMEApplication(file_args[1],'octet-stream',encode_noop)
m2.add_header('Content-disposition',
'form-data; name="file"; filename="%s"' % file_args[0])
#msg.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment',
# filename='bud.gif')
#msg.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment',
# filename=('iso-8859-1', '', 'FuSballer.ppt'))
mp = MIMEMultipart('form-data', None, [m1, m2])
# Makie a custom generator to format it the way we need.
from cStringIO import StringIO
from email.generator import Generator
class MyGenerator(Generator):
def __init__(self, fp, root=True):
Generator.__init__(self, fp, mangle_from_=False,
maxheaderlen=0)
self.root = root
def _write_headers(self, msg):
# We don't want to write the top-level headers;
# they go into Request(headers) instead.
if self.root:
return
# We need to use \r\n line-terminator, but Generator
# doesn't provide the flexibility to override, so we
# have to copy-n-paste-n-modify.
for h, v in msg.items():
print >> self._fp, ('%s: %s\r\n' % (h,v)),
# A blank line always separates headers from body
print >> self._fp, '\r\n',
# The _write_multipart method calls "clone" for the
# subparts. We hijack that, setting root=False
def clone(self, fp):
return MyGenerator(fp, root=False)
fp = StringIO()
g = MyGenerator(fp)
g.flatten(mp)
data = fp.getvalue()
headers = {'Content-type': mp.get('Content-type')}
if False:
print 'Sending headers:'
print ' ', headers
print 'Sending data:'
print data[:1024].replace('\n', '\\n\n').replace('\r', '\\r')
if len(data) > 1024:
print '...'
print data[-256:].replace('\n', '\\n\n').replace('\r', '\\r')
print
else:
# Else send x-www-form-encoded
data = {'request-json': json}
print 'Sending form data:', data
data = urlencode(data)
print 'Sending data:', data
headers = {}
request = Request(url=url, headers=headers, data=data)
try:
f = urlopen(request)
txt = f.read()
print 'Got json:', txt
result = json2python(txt)
print 'Got result:', result
stat = result.get('status')
print 'Got status:', stat
if stat == 'error':
errstr = result.get('errormessage', '(none)')
raise RequestError('server error message: ' + errstr)
return result
except HTTPError, e:
print 'HTTPError', e
txt = e.read()
open('err.html', 'wb').write(txt)
print 'Wrote error text to err.html'
def login(self, apikey):
args = { 'apikey' : apikey }
result = self.send_request('login', args)
sess = result.get('session')
print 'Got session:', sess
if not sess:
raise RequestError('no session in result')
self.session = sess
def _get_upload_args(self, **kwargs):
args = {}
for key,default,typ in [('allow_commercial_use', 'd', str),
('allow_modifications', 'd', str),
('publicly_visible', 'y', str),
('scale_units', None, str),
('scale_type', None, str),
('scale_lower', None, float),
('scale_upper', None, float),
('scale_est', None, float),
('scale_err', None, float),
('center_ra', None, float),
('center_dec', None, float),
('radius', None, float),
('downsample_factor', None, int),
('tweak_order', None, int),
('crpix_center', None, bool),
# image_width, image_height
]:
if key in kwargs:
val = kwargs.pop(key)
val = typ(val)
args.update({key: val})
elif default is not None:
args.update({key: default})
print 'Upload args:', args
return args
def url_upload(self, url, **kwargs):
args = dict(url=url)
args.update(self._get_upload_args(**kwargs))
result = self.send_request('url_upload', args)
return result
def upload(self, fn, **kwargs):
args = self._get_upload_args(**kwargs)
try:
f = open(fn, 'rb')
result = self.send_request('upload', args, (fn, f.read()))
return result
except IOError:
print 'File %s does not exist' % fn
raise
def submission_images(self, subid):
result = self.send_request('submission_images', {'subid':subid})
return result.get('image_ids')
def overlay_plot(self, service, outfn, wcsfn, wcsext=0):
from astrometry.util import util as anutil
wcs = anutil.Tan(wcsfn, wcsext)
params = dict(crval1 = wcs.crval[0], crval2 = wcs.crval[1],
crpix1 = wcs.crpix[0], crpix2 = wcs.crpix[1],
cd11 = wcs.cd[0], cd12 = wcs.cd[1],
cd21 = wcs.cd[2], cd22 = wcs.cd[3],
imagew = wcs.imagew, imageh = wcs.imageh)
result = self.send_request(service, {'wcs':params})
print 'Result status:', result['status']
plotdata = result['plot']
plotdata = base64.b64decode(plotdata)
open(outfn, 'wb').write(plotdata)
print 'Wrote', outfn
def sdss_plot(self, outfn, wcsfn, wcsext=0):
return self.overlay_plot('sdss_image_for_wcs', outfn,
wcsfn, wcsext)
def galex_plot(self, outfn, wcsfn, wcsext=0):
return self.overlay_plot('galex_image_for_wcs', outfn,
wcsfn, wcsext)
def myjobs(self):
result = self.send_request('myjobs/')
return result['jobs']
def job_status(self, job_id, justdict=False):
result = self.send_request('jobs/%s' % job_id)
if justdict:
return result
stat = result.get('status')
if stat == 'success':
result = self.send_request('jobs/%s/calibration' % job_id)
print 'Calibration:', result
result = self.send_request('jobs/%s/tags' % job_id)
print 'Tags:', result
result = self.send_request('jobs/%s/machine_tags' % job_id)
print 'Machine Tags:', result
result = self.send_request('jobs/%s/objects_in_field' % job_id)
print 'Objects in field:', result
result = self.send_request('jobs/%s/annotations' % job_id)
print 'Annotations:', result
result = self.send_request('jobs/%s/info' % job_id)
print 'Calibration:', result
return stat
def sub_status(self, sub_id, justdict=False):
result = self.send_request('submissions/%s' % sub_id)
if justdict:
return result
return result.get('status')
def jobs_by_tag(self, tag, exact):
exact_option = 'exact=yes' if exact else ''
result = self.send_request(
'jobs_by_tag?query=%s&%s' % (quote(tag.strip()), exact_option),
{},
)
return result
if __name__ == '__main__':
import optparse
parser = optparse.OptionParser()
parser.add_option('--server', dest='server', default=Client.default_url,
help='Set server base URL (eg, %default)')
parser.add_option('--apikey', '-k', dest='apikey',
help='API key for Astrometry.net web service; if not given will check AN_API_KEY environment variable')
parser.add_option('--upload', '-u', dest='upload', help='Upload a file')
parser.add_option('--wait', '-w', dest='wait', action='store_true', help='After submitting, monitor job status')
parser.add_option('--wcs', dest='wcs', help='Download resulting wcs.fits file, saving to given filename; implies --wait if --urlupload or --upload')
parser.add_option('--kmz', dest='kmz', help='Download resulting kmz file, saving to given filename; implies --wait if --urlupload or --upload')
parser.add_option('--urlupload', '-U', dest='upload_url', help='Upload a file at specified url')
parser.add_option('--scale-units', dest='scale_units',
choices=('arcsecperpix', 'arcminwidth', 'degwidth', 'focalmm'), help='Units for scale estimate')
#parser.add_option('--scale-type', dest='scale_type',
# choices=('ul', 'ev'), help='Scale bounds: lower/upper or estimate/error')
parser.add_option('--scale-lower', dest='scale_lower', type=float, help='Scale lower-bound')
parser.add_option('--scale-upper', dest='scale_upper', type=float, help='Scale upper-bound')
parser.add_option('--scale-est', dest='scale_est', type=float, help='Scale estimate')
parser.add_option('--scale-err', dest='scale_err', type=float, help='Scale estimate error (in PERCENT), eg "10" if you estimate can be off by 10%')
parser.add_option('--ra', dest='center_ra', type=float, help='RA center')
parser.add_option('--dec', dest='center_dec', type=float, help='Dec center')
parser.add_option('--radius', dest='radius', type=float, help='Search radius around RA,Dec center')
parser.add_option('--downsample', dest='downsample_factor', type=int, help='Downsample image by this factor')
parser.add_option('--parity', dest='parity', choices=('0','1'), help='Parity (flip) of image')
parser.add_option('--tweak-order', dest='tweak_order', type=int, help='SIP distortion order (default: 2)')
parser.add_option('--crpix-center', dest='crpix_center', action='store_true', default=None, help='Set reference point to center of image?')
parser.add_option('--sdss', dest='sdss_wcs', nargs=2, help='Plot SDSS image for the given WCS file; write plot to given PNG filename')
parser.add_option('--galex', dest='galex_wcs', nargs=2, help='Plot GALEX image for the given WCS file; write plot to given PNG filename')
parser.add_option('--substatus', '-s', dest='sub_id', help='Get status of a submission')
parser.add_option('--jobstatus', '-j', dest='job_id', help='Get status of a job')
parser.add_option('--jobs', '-J', dest='myjobs', action='store_true', help='Get all my jobs')
parser.add_option('--jobsbyexacttag', '-T', dest='jobs_by_exact_tag', help='Get a list of jobs associated with a given tag--exact match')
parser.add_option('--jobsbytag', '-t', dest='jobs_by_tag', help='Get a list of jobs associated with a given tag')
parser.add_option( '--private', '-p',
dest='public',
action='store_const',
const='n',
default='y',
help='Hide this submission from other users')
parser.add_option('--allow_mod_sa','-m',
dest='allow_mod',
action='store_const',
const='sa',
default='d',
help='Select license to allow derivative works of submission, but only if shared under same conditions of original license')
parser.add_option('--no_mod','-M',
dest='allow_mod',
action='store_const',
const='n',
default='d',
help='Select license to disallow derivative works of submission')
parser.add_option('--no_commercial','-c',
dest='allow_commercial',
action='store_const',
const='n',
default='d',
help='Select license to disallow commercial use of submission')
opt,args = parser.parse_args()
if opt.apikey is None:
# try the environment
opt.apikey = os.environ.get('AN_API_KEY', None)
if opt.apikey is None:
parser.print_help()
print
print 'You must either specify --apikey or set AN_API_KEY'
sys.exit(-1)
args = {}
args['apiurl'] = opt.server
c = Client(**args)
c.login(opt.apikey)
if opt.upload or opt.upload_url:
if opt.wcs or opt.kmz:
opt.wait = True
kwargs = dict(
allow_commercial_use=opt.allow_commercial,
allow_modifications=opt.allow_mod,
publicly_visible=opt.public)
if opt.scale_lower and opt.scale_upper:
kwargs.update(scale_lower=opt.scale_lower,
scale_upper=opt.scale_upper,
scale_type='ul')
elif opt.scale_est and opt.scale_err:
kwargs.update(scale_est=opt.scale_est,
scale_err=opt.scale_err,
scale_type='ev')
elif opt.scale_lower or opt.scale_upper:
kwargs.update(scale_type='ul')
if opt.scale_lower:
kwargs.update(scale_lower=opt.scale_lower)
if opt.scale_upper:
kwargs.update(scale_upper=opt.scale_upper)
for key in ['scale_units', 'center_ra', 'center_dec', 'radius',
'downsample_factor', 'tweak_order', 'crpix_center',]:
if getattr(opt, key) is not None:
kwargs[key] = getattr(opt, key)
if opt.parity is not None:
kwargs.update(parity=int(opt.parity))
if opt.upload:
upres = c.upload(opt.upload, **kwargs)
if opt.upload_url:
upres = c.url_upload(opt.upload_url, **kwargs)
stat = upres['status']
if stat != 'success':
print 'Upload failed: status', stat
print upres
sys.exit(-1)
opt.sub_id = upres['subid']
if opt.wait:
if opt.job_id is None:
if opt.sub_id is None:
print "Can't --wait without a submission id or job id!"
sys.exit(-1)
while True:
stat = c.sub_status(opt.sub_id, justdict=True)
print 'Got status:', stat
jobs = stat.get('jobs', [])
if len(jobs):
for j in jobs:
if j is not None:
break
if j is not None:
print 'Selecting job id', j
opt.job_id = j
break
time.sleep(5)
success = False
while True:
stat = c.job_status(opt.job_id, justdict=True)
print 'Got job status:', stat
if stat.get('status','') in ['success']:
success = (stat['status'] == 'success')
break
time.sleep(5)
if success:
c.job_status(opt.job_id)
# result = c.send_request('jobs/%s/calibration' % opt.job_id)
# print 'Calibration:', result
# result = c.send_request('jobs/%s/tags' % opt.job_id)
# print 'Tags:', result
# result = c.send_request('jobs/%s/machine_tags' % opt.job_id)
# print 'Machine Tags:', result
# result = c.send_request('jobs/%s/objects_in_field' % opt.job_id)
# print 'Objects in field:', result
#result = c.send_request('jobs/%s/annotations' % opt.job_id)
#print 'Annotations:', result
retrieveurls = []
if opt.wcs:
# We don't need the API for this, just construct URL
url = opt.server.replace('/api/', '/wcs_file/%i' % opt.job_id)
retrieveurls.append((url, opt.wcs))
if opt.kmz:
url = opt.server.replace('/api/', '/kml_file/%i/' % opt.job_id)
retrieveurls.append((url, opt.kmz))
for url,fn in retrieveurls:
print 'Retrieving file from', url, 'to', fn
f = urlopen(url)
txt = f.read()
w = open(fn, 'wb')
w.write(txt)
w.close()
print 'Wrote to', fn
opt.job_id = None
opt.sub_id = None
if opt.sdss_wcs:
(wcsfn, outfn) = opt.sdss_wcs
c.sdss_plot(outfn, wcsfn)
if opt.galex_wcs:
(wcsfn, outfn) = opt.galex_wcs
c.galex_plot(outfn, wcsfn)
if opt.sub_id:
print c.sub_status(opt.sub_id)
if opt.job_id:
print c.job_status(opt.job_id)
#result = c.send_request('jobs/%s/annotations' % opt.job_id)
#print 'Annotations:', result
if opt.jobs_by_tag:
tag = opt.jobs_by_tag
print c.jobs_by_tag(tag, None)
if opt.jobs_by_exact_tag:
tag = opt.jobs_by_exact_tag
print c.jobs_by_tag(tag, 'yes')
if opt.myjobs:
jobs = c.myjobs()
print jobs
#print c.submission_images(1)
答案 0 :(得分：3)
不，没有干净的方法可以这样做。导入模块时，将执行其代码，并将所有全局变量设置为模块对象的属性。因此，如果部分代码根本没有执行（由__main__条件保护），则没有干净的方法来访问该代码。但是，您可以使用替换的__name__运行此模块的代码，但这非常hackish。
你应该重构这个模块并将整个__main__部分移动到一个方法中并像这样调用它：
def main():
do_everything()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
这样，消费者应用程序就可以运行代码而无需在单独的进程中运行它。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
根据你的说法，你想在导入模块的脚本中调用一个函数，所以尝试：
import __main__
__main__.myfunc()