Question

C或其他语言的FILE数据类型是什么？是整数吗？或结构或没有特定的数据类型？

Answer 1

它通常被称为 opaque数据类型，这意味着它通常被声明为一个简单的结构，然后在OS库的内部，FILE指针被强制转换到操作系统将使用从文件访问数据的数据结构的实际日期类型。很多这些细节都是系统特定的，因此根据操作系统的不同，定义可能会有所不同。

Answer 2

它是包含有关文件句柄状态数据的结构的typedef。结构的确切内容是系统特定的，但在我的系统（Mac OS X）上，它的定义如下：

/*
 * stdio state variables.
 *
 * The following always hold:
 *
 *      if (_flags&(__SLBF|__SWR)) == (__SLBF|__SWR),
 *              _lbfsize is -_bf._size, else _lbfsize is 0
 *      if _flags&__SRD, _w is 0
 *      if _flags&__SWR, _r is 0
 *
 * This ensures that the getc and putc macros (or inline functions) never
 * try to write or read from a file that is in `read' or `write' mode.
 * (Moreover, they can, and do, automatically switch from read mode to
 * write mode, and back, on "r+" and "w+" files.)
 *
 * _lbfsize is used only to make the inline line-buffered output stream
 * code as compact as possible.
 *
 * _ub, _up, and _ur are used when ungetc() pushes back more characters
 * than fit in the current _bf, or when ungetc() pushes back a character
 * that does not match the previous one in _bf.  When this happens,
 * _ub._base becomes non-nil (i.e., a stream has ungetc() data iff
 * _ub._base!=NULL) and _up and _ur save the current values of _p and _r.
 *
 * NB: see WARNING above before changing the layout of this structure!
 */
typedef struct __sFILE {
        unsigned char *_p;      /* current position in (some) buffer */
        int     _r;             /* read space left for getc() */
        int     _w;             /* write space left for putc() */
        short   _flags;         /* flags, below; this FILE is free if 0 */
        short   _file;          /* fileno, if Unix descriptor, else -1 */
        struct  __sbuf _bf;     /* the buffer (at least 1 byte, if !NULL) */
        int     _lbfsize;       /* 0 or -_bf._size, for inline putc */

        /* operations */
        void    *_cookie;       /* cookie passed to io functions */
        int     (*_close)(void *);
        int     (*_read) (void *, char *, int);
        fpos_t  (*_seek) (void *, fpos_t, int);
        int     (*_write)(void *, const char *, int);

        /* separate buffer for long sequences of ungetc() */
        struct  __sbuf _ub;     /* ungetc buffer */
        struct __sFILEX *_extra; /* additions to FILE to not break ABI */
        int     _ur;            /* saved _r when _r is counting ungetc data */

        /* tricks to meet minimum requirements even when malloc() fails */
        unsigned char _ubuf[3]; /* guarantee an ungetc() buffer */
        unsigned char _nbuf[1]; /* guarantee a getc() buffer */

        /* separate buffer for fgetln() when line crosses buffer boundary */
        struct  __sbuf _lb;     /* buffer for fgetln() */

        /* Unix stdio files get aligned to block boundaries on fseek() */
        int     _blksize;       /* stat.st_blksize (may be != _bf._size) */
        fpos_t  _offset;        /* current lseek offset (see WARNING) */
} FILE;

struct __sbuf是stdio的这个实现内部使用的结构，用于存储数据缓冲区，定义如下：

struct __sbuf {
        unsigned char   *_base;
        int             _size;
};

什么是FILE的数据类型？

2 个答案: