我怎样才能查询表中的表?

时间:2014-07-18 20:26:14

标签: mysql sql

如何创建一个查询,从一个表中获取所有内容,然后加入另一个表,并将第二个表中的值放在结果中的某个列中

我所要求的可以更好地解释:

clients:
id | name      | age | ...
---------------------
15 | something | 30  |
17 | somethiaa | 30  |
13 | ggggthing | 30  |

clients_meta:
id | client_id | meta_key  | meta_value |
-----------------------------------------
1  | 15        | location  | NY         |
2  | 15        | height    | 195        |
3  | 15        | job       | student    |
4  | 13        | location  | TN         |

这是我目前的查询:

SELECT
`clients`.*,
`clients_meta`.*

FROM `clients`

JOIN clients_meta ON ( clients_meta.client_id = clients.id )

WHERE
`clients_age` = '30'

怎么能代替那样丑陋的表:

15 | something | 30  | 1  | 15        | location  | NY         |
15 | something | 30  | 2  | 15        | height    | 195        |
15 | something | 30  | 3  | 15        | job       | student    |

将其更改为:

15 | something | 30  | 1  | 15        | location  | NY         |
                     | 2  | 15        | height    | 195        |
                     | 3  | 15        | job       | student    |

感谢

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

您可以使用变量来检查最后一个id是否等于当前id,在这种情况下输出null或''代替。

select
  case when c.ClientId <> @clientid then c.Name else '' end as ClientName,
  case when c.ClientId <> @clientid then @ClientId := c.ClientId else '' end as ClientId,
  p.ContactId,
  p.Name as ContactName
from
  Clients c
  inner join Contacts p on p.ClientId = c.Clientid
  , (select @clientid := -1) x
order by
  c.ClientId, p.ContactId

示例:http://sqlfiddle.com/#!2/658e4c/6

注意,这有点hacky。我故意将ClientId作为第二个字段,因此我可以在同一个字段中更改并返回clientId变量。在其他更复杂的案例中,您可能必须在单独的字段中执行此操作。但是要从结果中删除该占位符字段,您必须将整个查询嵌入到子选择中,并在顶级查询中按正确的顺序定义所需字段。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

您可以在clients_meta.meta_key中选择一个值,始终首先像'location'。然后你可以按clients.id排序,然后按meta_key ='location'排序。 meta_key!='location'的任何行都可以隐藏,如下所示:

select 
    case when clients_meta.meta_key = 'location' 
        then clients.id else '' end as id
    , case when clients_meta.meta_key = 'location' 
        then clients.name else '' end as name
    , case when clients_meta.meta_key = 'location' 
        then clients.age else '' end as age
    , clients_meta.* 
    from clients join clients_meta on (clients_meta.client_id = clients.id) 
    where clients.age = '30' 
    order by clients.id, clients_meta.meta_key = 'location' desc;

您将获得所需的结果:

+------+-----------+------+----+-----------+----------+------------+
| id   | name      | age  | id | client_id | meta_key | meta_value |
+------+-----------+------+----+-----------+----------+------------+
| 13   | ggggthing | 30   |  4 |        13 | location | TN         |
| 15   | something | 30   |  1 |        15 | location | NY         |
|      |           |      |  3 |        15 | job      | student    |
|      |           |      |  2 |        15 | height   | 195        |
+------+-----------+------+----+-----------+----------+------------+