Question

我已经添加了一个例子，希望能让这个更加清晰。我尝试执行以下操作：将单词dict中不包含单词的单词添加到列表中，然后将这些单词添加到字典“new_words_dict＆＃39;”中。只添加一次单词，不重复，并递增计数器以跟踪单词出现的次数。例如，＆＃39; happy＆＃39;将以2的计数器出现在字典中。

我能够创建列表并在字典中添加单词，但我没有正确地增加字典中的值。

words = {'abandon':-2,'abandoned':-2,'abandons':-2,'abducted':-2,'abduction':-2,
'abductions':-2,'abhor': -3}
sentence = {'abandon', 'abandoned', 'abhorrent', 'hello', 'smart', 'hello', 'die',
'happy', 'sad', 'up', 'down', 'happy', 'smart','cool', 'clean', 'mean'}         

new_words_list = []                  #Empty list
new_words_dict = {}                  #Empty dict 

for word in sentence:
if word not in words:    
        new_words_list.append(word)  
print new_words_list        

for word in new_words_list:
    if word not in new_words_dict:
        new_words_dict[word] = {}
        new_words_dict[word] =1
else:
    if word in new_words_dict:
        new_words_dict[word] +=1              
print new_words_dict

这会打印new_words_dict，但值计数器不会正确递增。

Answer 1

您正在以一种令人困惑且不必要的复杂方式执行此操作。 collections.Counter可以为您完成大部分工作：

import collections

words = {'abandon':-2,'abandoned':-2,'abandons':-2,'abducted':-2,'abduction':-2,
'abductions':-2,'abhor': -3}
# throw away the values in the dictionary because they aren't being used
words = words.keys()  

# this is a list [] not a dictionary ()
sentence = ['abandon', 'abandoned', 'abhorrent', 'hello', 'smart', 'hello', 
    'die', 'happy', 'sad', 'up', 'down', 'happy', 'smart','cool',
    'clean', 'mean'] 


counts = collections.Counter([word for word in sentence if word not in words])

print counts 
Counter({'hello': 2, 'smart': 2, 'happy': 2, 'down': 1, 'die': 1, 'up': 1, 
'sad':1, 'abhorrent': 1, 'clean': 1, 'mean': 1, 'cool': 1})

这可能不是您实际想要的，因为您的代码已经破坏了。据我所知，它确实可以满足您的问题。

Answer 2

我同意msw，你的代码不必要地复杂。尽管如此，既然你想坚持下去并从中学到一些东西，请在这里找一些代码并附上一些评论和更正：

# dictionary with weird values, but we're only counting keys anyway
words = {'abandon':-2,'abandoned':-2,'abandons':-2,'abducted':-2,'abduction':-2,
'abductions':-2,'abhor': -3}
# this is a list, not a dictionary!
sentence = ['abandon', 'abandoned', 'abhorrent', 'hello', 'smart', 'hello', 'die',
'happy', 'sad', 'up', 'down', 'happy', 'smart','cool', 'clean', 'mean']

# empty list to save words in
new_words_list = []
# empty dict to save words and counts in
new_words_dict = {}

# first loop finds new words and saves them in new_words_list
for word in sentence:
  if word not in words:    
    new_words_list.append(word)  
print new_words_list        

# second loop counts new words
for word in new_words_list:

  # if the word is not in the dictionary yet, add it as key with another
  # dictionary as value (which doesn't make sense). Then replace this empty
  # dictionary with a simple integer (1).
  if word not in new_words_dict:
    new_words_dict[word] = {}
    new_words_dict[word] = 1

  # this should be elif, I assume. Then it would increment the counter of the
  # word in new_words_dict by 1.
  elif word in new_words_dict:
    new_words_dict[word] += 1              
print new_words_dict

请注意，第二个循环中的new_words_dict[word] = {}没有任何意义，因为您需要计数器而不是字典。

顺便说一下，我在这里看不到柜台的任何问题。这可能是因为我更正了else / elif声明的缩进（如果您在此处或原始代码中没有缩进，我不会起诉）。

初始化字典，循环列表，在字典中添加单词和增量计数器

2 个答案: