我有一个XML文件，我想找到节点MessageSenderCode并读取值1VOC。我该怎么办？
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<CD815A xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:emcs="http://emcs.dgtaxud.ec/v10/types" xmlns:tms="http://emcs.dgtaxud.ec/v10/tms" xmlns:tlc="http://emcs.dgtaxud.ec/v10/tlc" xmlns:doc="http://emcs.dgtaxud.ec/v10/doc" xmlns:ie="http://emcs.dgtaxud.ec/v10/cd815/ie" xsi:schemaLocation="ie815.xsd">
<tms:HeaderMessage>
<tms:MessageSenderCode>1VOC</tms:MessageSenderCode>
<tms:OfficeReserved/>
<tms:FlowName>1VOC20140716_C04.xml</tms:FlowName>
<tms:OfficeReserved/>
<tms:OfficeCode>134000</tms:OfficeCode>
<tms:OfficeReserved/>
<tms:VATAutorizedSender>00701720260</tms:VATAutorizedSender>
<tms:OfficeNumberAutorizedSender>001</tms:OfficeNumberAutorizedSender>
<tms:OfficeReserved/>
<tms:RecordFlowNumber>4</tms:RecordFlowNumber>
</tms:HeaderMessage>
<ie:BodyMessage>
<ie:SubmittedDraftOfEaad>
<tms:Header>
<tms:MessageCode>IE815</tms:MessageCode>
<tms:DeclaratorIdentifyCode>IT00TVA00042S</tms:DeclaratorIdentifyCode>
<tms:IdentifyDraftCode>159/2013</tms:IdentifyDraftCode>
<tms:TransmissionFileDate>20140716</tms:TransmissionFileDate>
<tms:RecordType>A</tms:RecordType>
<tms:RecordNumberInFile>0001</tms:RecordNumberInFile>
<tms:RecordNumberFile>0001</tms:RecordNumberFile>
<tms:TotalRecordB>00</tms:TotalRecordB>
<tms:TotalRecordC>002</tms:TotalRecordC>
<tms:SubmissionMessageType>1</tms:SubmissionMessageType>
</tms:Header>
答案 0 :(得分：2)
在Windows应用程序中，最简单的方法可能是使用操作系统内置XML DOM解析器的XPath功能。 XPath是查询XML文档以从中提取信息的标准方法，并且比使用Delphi的TXMLDocument，ime进行搜索更加灵活，简洁且不那么繁琐。
Delphi附带了MSXML单元中Windows XML DOM解析器的类型库导入。
为了帮助您入门，下面是一个极简主义的XPath VCL项目+ DFM。
请注意，与XML一样，XPath区分大小写;在设置XPath查询时不要忘记。
顺便说一句，就我所见，你发布的XML没有正确形成 - 它缺少关闭标签：ie：BodyMessage和CD815A;我在下面的DFM中已经纠正过。
同样顺便说一句，我似乎记得当你使用MSXML作为它的供应商lib时，有一种从Delphi的TXMLDocument获取IXMDOMLDocument接口的方法，以防你出于某种原因想要使用TXMLDocument。如果我能提醒自己该怎么做，我稍后会更新。
最后，您可以避免使用IXmlDOMDocument和IXDOMNodeList接口并将其替换为OleVariants并省略对MSXML的使用引用，因为下面的代码通过后期绑定访问MS XML DOM对象。我包含了MSXML单元，因为我发现它很方便作为快速参考，IDE可以将它用于代码完成。
unit XPathu;
interface
uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
Dialogs, StdCtrls, ComObj, MSXML;
[...]
procedure TForm1.btnFindClick(Sender: TObject);
var
XmlDoc: IXmlDOMDocument;
NodeList : IXmlDOMNodeList;
Value : String;
I : Integer;
begin
Memo2.Lines.Clear;
XmlDoc := CreateOleObject('Microsoft.XMLDOM') as IXMLDOMDocument; // or := CoDOMDocument.Create; // for early binding
XmlDoc.Async := False;
XmlDoc.LoadXML(Memo1.Lines.Text);
if xmlDoc.parseError.errorCode <> 0 then
raise Exception.Create('XML Load error:' + xmlDoc.parseError.reason);
// by default, edPathQuery.Text is set to '/CD815A/tms:MessageSenderCode'
NodeList := XmlDoc.documentElement.SelectNodes(edPathQuery.Text);
for I := 0 to NodeList.Length - 1 do begin
Value := NodeList.item[I].text;
Memo2.Lines.Add(Format('%d: %s', [I, Value]));
end;
end;
end.
DFM
object Form1: TForm1
Left = 195
Top = 124
Width = 559
Height = 430
Caption = 'Form1'
Color = clBtnFace
Font.Charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET
Font.Color = clWindowText
Font.Height = -11
Font.Name = 'MS Sans Serif'
Font.Style = []
OldCreateOrder = False
PixelsPerInch = 96
TextHeight = 13
object Memo1: TMemo
Left = 7
Top = 8
Width = 529
Height = 161
Font.Charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET
Font.Color = clWindowText
Font.Height = -11
Font.Name = 'Courier New'
Font.Style = []
Lines.Strings = (
'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>'
'<CD815A xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" '
'xmlns:emcs="http://emcs.dgtaxud.ec/v10/types" '
'xmlns:tms="http://emcs.dgtaxud.ec/v10/tms" '
'xmlns:tlc="http://emcs.dgtaxud.ec/v10/tlc" '
'xmlns:doc="http://emcs.dgtaxud.ec/v10/doc" '
'xmlns:ie="http://emcs.dgtaxud.ec/v10/cd815/ie" '
'xsi:schemaLocation="ie815.xsd">'
' <tms:HeaderMessage>'
' <tms:MessageSenderCode>1VOC</tms:MessageSenderCode>'
' <tms:OfficeReserved/>'
' <tms:FlowName>1VOC20140716_C04.xml</tms:FlowName>'
' <tms:OfficeReserved/>'
' <tms:OfficeCode>134000</tms:OfficeCode>'
' <tms:OfficeReserved/>'
' <tms:VATAutorizedSender>00701720260</tms:VATAutorizedSen' +
'der>'
' '
'<tms:OfficeNumberAutorizedSender>001</tms:OfficeNumberAutorizedS' +
'ender>'
' <tms:OfficeReserved/>'
' <tms:RecordFlowNumber>4</tms:RecordFlowNumber>'
' </tms:HeaderMessage>'
' <ie:BodyMessage>'
' <ie:SubmittedDraftOfEaad>'
' <tms:Header>'
' <tms:MessageCode>IE815</tms:MessageCode>'
' '
'<tms:DeclaratorIdentifyCode>IT00TVA00042S</tms:DeclaratorIdentif' +
'yCode>'
' <tms:IdentifyDraftCode>159/2013</tms:IdentifyDra' +
'ftCode>'
' '
'<tms:TransmissionFileDate>20140716</tms:TransmissionFileDate>'
' <tms:RecordType>A</tms:RecordType>'
' <tms:RecordNumberInFile>0001</tms:RecordNumberIn' +
'File>'
' <tms:RecordNumberFile>0001</tms:RecordNumberFile' +
'>'
' <tms:TotalRecordB>00</tms:TotalRecordB>'
' <tms:TotalRecordC>002</tms:TotalRecordC>'
' <tms:SubmissionMessageType>1</tms:SubmissionMess' +
'ageType>'
' </tms:Header>'
' </ie:SubmittedDraftOfEaad>'
' </ie:BodyMessage>'
'</CD815A>')
ParentFont = False
TabOrder = 0
end
object btnFind: TButton
Left = 280
Top = 189
Width = 75
Height = 25
Caption = 'Find'
TabOrder = 1
OnClick = btnFindClick
end
object edPathQuery: TEdit
Left = 32
Top = 192
Width = 233
Height = 21
TabOrder = 2
Text = '/CD815A/tms:MessageSenderCode'
end
object Memo2: TMemo
Left = 7
Top = 235
Width = 529
Height = 148
TabOrder = 3
end
end