我有一个函数接收带有许多键的映射,其中一些是可选的。如何编写理解地图的函数签名,同时允许可选键默认为某些内容?
def handle_my_map(%{text: text,
print_times: print_times, # this I want to default to 2
color: color # this I want to default to "Blue"
}) do
Enum.each(1..print_times, fn (_) -> IO.puts ["(", color, "): ", text] end)
end
Test.handle_my_map(%{text: "here", print_times: 5, color: "Red"})
# (Red): here
# (Red): here
# (Red): here
# (Red): here
# (Red): here
handle_my_map(%{text: "there"})
# => MatchError!
我希望它是:
handle_my_map(%{text: "where", print_times: 3})
# (Blue): where
# (Blue): where
# (Blue): where
handle_my_map(%{text: "there"})
# (Blue): there
# (Blue): there
像ruby的关键字参数:
def handle_my_map(text: nil, print_times: 2, color: 'Blue')
答案 0 :(得分:12)
您可以使用Map.merge/2
:
defmodule Handler do
@defaults %{print_times: 2, color: "Blue"}
def handle_my_map(map) do
%{text: text, print_times: times, color: color} = merge_defaults(map)
Enum.each(1..times, fn (_) -> IO.puts ["(", color, "): ", text] end)
end
defp merge_defaults(map) do
Map.merge(@defaults, map)
end
end
如果您想允许nils,可以使用Map.merge/3
并将merge_defaults/1
更改为:
defp merge_defaults(map) do
Map.merge(@defaults, map, fn _key, default, val -> val || default end)
end
答案 1 :(得分:3)
我可能会这样做:
defmodule Handler do
@defaults %{print_times: 2, color: "Blue"}
def handle_my_map(map) do
%{text: text, print_times: times, color: color} = Dict.put_new(map, @defaults)
Enum.each(1..times, fn (_) -> IO.puts ["(", color, "): ", text] end)
end
end
如果您需要使用现有密钥处理nil
值,您可以执行以下操作:
defmodule Handler do
@defaults %{print_times: 2, color: "Blue"}
def handle_my_map(map) do
%{text: text, print_times: times, color: color} = @defaults
|> Dict.merge(map)
|> Enum.into %{}, fn
{key, nil} -> {key, @defaults[key]}
{key, val} -> {key, val}
end
Enum.each(1..times, fn (_) -> IO.puts ["(", color, "): ", text] end)
end
end
答案 2 :(得分:1)
好。我认为你需要用参数handle_my_map
编写另一个%{a: a, b: b}
函数。像这样:
def handle_my_map(%{a: a, b: b, optional_c: c}) do
a + b + c
end
def handle_my_map(%{a: a, b: b}) do
a + b
end
YourModule.handle_my_map %{a: 1, b: 2}
#=> 3
YourModule.handle_my_map %{a: 1, b: 2, optional_c: 3}
#=> 6
Elixir将搜索与您的参数匹配的函数handle_my_map
,直到具有arity 1的函数结束