我最初假设您可以这样做,因为文档(http://doc.rust-lang.org/rust.html#implementations)建议您可以:
trait Bar<T> {
fn ex(&self) -> T;
}
struct Foo {
y:f64
}
impl Bar<int> for Foo {
fn ex(&self) -> int {
return self.y.floor() as int;
}
}
impl Bar<uint> for Foo {
fn ex(&self) -> uint {
if (self.y < 0.0) {
return 0u;
}
return self.y.floor() as uint;
}
}
......但这似乎不起作用。我得到的错误如下:
error: multiple applicable methods in scope
error: expected Bar<uint>, but found Bar<int> (expected uint but found int)
error: expected Bar<int>, but found Bar<uint> (expected int but found uint)
所以我想也许Foo必须是通用的,因此每个特定的Foo都有它自己的Bar实现:
trait Bar<T> {
fn ex(&self) -> T;
}
struct Foo<T> {
y:f64
}
impl<T> Foo<T> {
fn new<U>(value:f64) -> Foo<U> {
return Foo { y: value } as Foo<U>;
}
}
impl Bar<int> for Foo<int> {
fn ex(&self) -> int {
return self.y.floor() as int;
}
}
impl Bar<uint> for Foo<uint> {
fn ex(&self) -> uint {
if (self.y < 0.0) {
return 0u;
}
return self.y.floor() as uint;
}
}
fn main() {
let z = Foo::new::<int>(100.5);
let q = Foo::new::<uint>(101.5);
let i:int = z.ex();
let j:uint = q.ex();
}
...但我的构造函数似乎不起作用:
x.rs:11:12: 11:38 error: non-scalar cast: `Foo<<generic #1>>` as `Foo<U>`
x.rs:11 return Foo { y: value } as Foo<U>;
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
error: aborting due to previous error
编辑:我也尝试过:
impl<T> Foo<T> {
fn new<U>(value:f64) -> Foo<U> {
let rtn:Foo<U> = Foo { y: value };
return rtn;
}
}
解决了转换错误,但结果为:
x.rs:32:11: 32:26 error: cannot determine a type for this expression: unconstrained type
x.rs:32 let z = Foo::new::<int>(100.5);
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
O_o我不知道这意味着什么。
你是怎么做到的?
答案 0 :(得分:9)
impl Bar<int> for Foo
和impl Bar<uint> for Foo
是一个错误,因为目前每个特征只允许一个impl
,类型对(忽略特征上的参数)。 I went into more detail in this answer,包括使用辅助特征的工作,避免必须使Foo
通用(可能不是你想要的)。
trait BarForFoo {
fn do_ex(foo: &Foo) -> Self;
}
impl BarForFoo for int {
fn do_ex(foo: &Foo) -> int {
foo.y.floor() as int
}
}
impl BarForFoo for uint {
fn do_ex(foo: &Foo) -> uint {
foo.y.max(0.0).floor() as uint
}
}
impl<T: BarForFoo> Bar<T> for Foo {
fn ex(&self) -> T { BarForFoo::do_ex(self) }
}
第二个错误是因为您在范围&#34;中有两个类型参数T
和U
&#34;对于new
函数,但仅指定一个(U
)。需要通过撰写T
来指定Foo::<int>::...
,但我不认为这是您想要的,而是应该在{{1}中使用T
泛型功能:
new
作为背景,编译器需要知道impl<T> Foo<T> {
fn new(value: f64) -> Foo<T> { ... }
}
的具体类型,因为T
的实现可能会改变:
new
然后impl<T> Foo<T> {
fn new<U>(value:f64) -> Foo<U> {
Foo { y: value + std::mem::size_of::<T>() as f64 }
}
}
会给Foo::<()>::new::<int>(0.0)
,但y == 0.0
会给Foo::<u64>::new::<int>(0.0)
。