我正在尝试在网页上的画布中编写Conway Game of Life应用程序。但是在编写代码之后,我无法让单元格出现在canvas元素上。你能说出我做错了吗?
我的猜测是与按钮的功能有关 - 我写的功能应该初始化游戏,但它不会发生。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script>
var CONWAY = (function() {
var my = {};
var Board = function() { //create a game board object
this.cells = {}; //collection object to hold cell coordinates
};
var Cell = function(x, y, alive) { //create a cell object
this.x = x; //the x coordinate for the cell
this.y = y; //the y coordinate for the cell
this.alive = alive; //state to show if the cell is alive or dead
};
Cell.prototype = { //add isAlive method to the cell object
isAlive: function() {
return this.alive; //return cell's state
}
};
Board.prototype = {
addCell: function(cell) { //the method to add a cell to the board
this.cells[getCellRepresentation(cell.x, cell.y)] = cell;
},
getCellAt: function(x,y) { //returns the value of the specified coordinates
return this.cells[getCellRepresentation(x,y)];
},
getAliveNeighbors: function(cell) { //check nearby cells for states according to the rules
var x = cell.x;
var y = cell.y;
var aliveCells = 0;
for(var i = -1; i < 2; i++) { //look for live cells in the vicinity
for(var j = -1; j < 2; j++) {
if(i === 0 && i === j) {
continue;
}
var currentCell = this.getCellAt(x + i, y + j);
if(currentCell && currentCell.isAlive()) {
aliveCells++;
}
}
}
return aliveCells; //return the number of live cells
},
calculateNextState: function(cell) {
var tempCell = new Cell(cell.x, cell.y, cell.alive);
var livingNeighbors = this.getAliveNeighbors(cell);
if(cell.alive) {
if(livingNeighbors === 2 || livingNeighbors === 3) {
tempCell.alive = true;
}
else {
tempCell.alive = false;
}
}
else {
if(livingNeighbors === 3) {
tempCell.alive = true;
}
}
return tempCell;
},
step: function() {
var cells = this.cells;
var tempBoard = {};
for(var c in this.cells) {
var cell = this.cells[c];
var newCell = this.calculateNextState(cell);
tempBoard[c] = newCell;
}
this.cells = tempBoard;
}
};
function getCellPrepresentation (x,y) {
return "x" + x + "y" + y;
}
var CONWAY_GLOB_MAX_X = 99;
var CONWAY_GLOB_MAX_Y = 23;
var randomInit = function(board) {
for (var y = 0; y <= CONWAY_GLOB_MAX_Y; y++) {
for (var x = 0; x <= CONWAY_GLOB_MAX_X; x++) {
board.addCell(new Cell(x, y, (Math.random() > 0.8)));
}
}
};
var draw = function(board, canvas) {
var output = ' ';
for(var y = 0; y <= CONWAY_GLOB_MAX_X; y++) {
for(var x = 0; x <= CONWAY_GLOB_MAX_Y; x++) {
var cell = board.getCellAt(x,y);
output += cell && cell.isAlive() ? 'o' : ' ';
}
output += '\n\
';
}
canvas.html(output);
};
var doConway = function(body) {
var board = new Board(); //create new board
randomInit(board); //initialize board with random dead and alive cells
draw(board, body); //draw the board
return setInterval(function() { //update every 130 ms
board.step();
draw(board, body);
}, 130);
};
my.initConway = function(id, body) {
clearInterval(id);
return doConway(body);
};
my.resetConway = function(id, body) {
body.empty();
clearInterval(id);
};
var conwayRandIntervalId = null;
var conwayBody = getElementbyId('conway');
var resetGame = function() {
this.resetConway(conwayRandIntervalId, conwayBody);
};
var startGame = function() {
conwayRandIntervalId = this.initConway(conwayRandIntervalId, conwayBody);
}
return my;
}());
</script>
<style type="text/css">
div.conway {
overflow: hidden;
font-family: courier;
float: left;
width: 500px;
height: 288px;
background-color: #000;
font-size: 10px;
color: #fff;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<button id='startCW' onclick="startGame();">Random Conway's Game of Life</button> | <button id='resetCW' onclick="resetGame();">Reset</button>
<div class='conway' id='conway'></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
答案 0 :(得分:1)
我有一点时间,所以我冒昧地修复了这个应用程序。
最初的问题是你没有正确暴露函数startGame,按钮无法触发它。我通过你的CONWAY
对象将它暴露在我的身上。然后你错过了document
的{{1}}部分。接下来,您尝试拨打document.getElementById
,但它应该是getCellRepresentation
。
下一个问题与在加载dom之前执行脚本有关。有几种方法可以解决这个问题,例如使用jquerys文档加载函数并将逻辑放在那里,但最简单的方法是将脚本标记作为最终标记放在体内。当浏览器遍历html时,它将构建dom元素,然后执行代码,这允许getCellPrepresentation
返回正确的元素。在dom加载之前执行此操作将始终返回null。
我将您的document.getElementById
更改为canvas.html(output)
,因为这是我在我的计算机上没有依赖的jquery。无论哪种方式都可以接受。
最后我清理了你的输出。在你的版本中,输出全部落在一行上,因为你正在做诸如使用空格和\ n之类的东西。由于我们在一个html块中,我将输出更改为canvas.innerHTML=output
和
。另一个解决方案是使用<br />
元素而不是div,但我没有测试过。
我可能在帮助下走得太远了,很抱歉,如果你只是在寻找没有输出的原因。如果您有任何疑问,请发表评论: - )
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