如何在Dart中创建一个空白的未来+如何返回当前正在进行的未来?

时间:2014-07-10 14:02:18

标签: dart dart-async

我正在尝试创建一个服务器端Dart类,它执行各种与数据相关的任务。所有这些任务都依赖于首次初始化的数据库。问题是数据库的init是异步发生的(返回Future)。我首先尝试将init代码放入构造函数中,但是已经放弃了这种方法,因为它似乎不可行。

我现在正试图弄清楚如何强制数据库初始化作为访问数据的任何方法调用的第一步。换句话说,当在下面调用attemptLogin()时,我想首先检查数据库是否已经初始化并在必要时初始化它。

然而,有两个障碍。如果数据库尚未初始化,则代码很简单 - 初始化db,然后使用返回的future的then()方法来完成其余的功能。如果db尚未初始化,我将then()方法附加到什么?

第二个相关问题是当数据库当前正在初始化但此过程尚未完成时会发生什么?我怎样才能进入并返回这个“正在进行中”的未来?

这是我试图纠缠的代码的基本要点:

class DataManager {
  bool DbIsReady = false;
  bool InitializingDb = false;
  Db _db;

  Future InitMongoDB() {
    print("Initializing MongoDB");
    InitializingDb = true;
    _db = new Db("mongodb://127.0.0.1/test");
    return _db.open().then((_) {
      DbIsReady = true;
      InitializingDb = false;
    });
  }  

  Future<List> attemptLogin(String username, String password) {
    Future firstStep;
    if ((!DbIsReady) && (!InitializingDb) {
       Future firstStep = InitMongoDB()
    }
    else if (InitializingDb) {
       // Need to return the InitMongoDB() Future that's currently running, but how?
    }
    else {
       // How do I create a blank firstStep here? 
    }

    return firstStep.then((_) {
      users = _db.collection("users");
      return // ... rest of code cut out for clarity
    });
  }
}

先谢谢你的帮助,

格雷格

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

回来

return new Future<bool>.value(true); 
// or any other value instead of `true` you want to return.
// or none
// return new Future.value();

答案 1 :(得分:3)

让未来充满活力:

class DataManager {
  Future _initializedDb;

  Future initMongoDb() { ... }

  Future<List> attemptLogin(String username, String password) {
    if (_initializedDb == null) {
       _initializedDb = initMongoDB();
    }
    return _initializedDb.then((db) {
      users = db.collection("users");
      return // ... rest of code cut out for clarity
    });
  }
}

您可能需要注意错误情况。如果您想处理initMongoDB或之后的错误,请由您决定。

答案 2 :(得分:2)

可能的解决方案之一:

import "dart:async";

void main() {
  var dm = new DataManager();
  var selectOne = dm.execute("SELECT 1");
  var selectUsers = dm.execute("SELECT * FROM users");
  var users = selectOne.then((result) {
    print(result);
    return selectUsers.then((result) {
      print(result);
    });
  });

  users.then((result) {
    print("Goodbye");
  });
}

class Event {
  List<Function> _actions = new List<Function>();
  bool _raised = false;

  void add(Function action) {
    if (_raised) {
      action();
    } else {
      _actions.add(action);
    }
  }

  void raise() {
    _raised = true;
    _notify();
  }

  void _notify() {
    if (_actions.isEmpty) {
      return;
    }

    var actions = _actions.toList();
    _actions.clear();
    for (var action in actions) {
      action();
    }
  }
}

class DataManager {
  static const int _STATE_NOT_INITIALIZED = 1;
  static const int _STATE_INITIALIZING = 2;
  static const int _STATE_READY = 3;

  Event _initEvent = new Event();
  int _state = _STATE_NOT_INITIALIZED;

  Future _init() {
    if (_state == _STATE_NOT_INITIALIZED) {
      _state = _STATE_INITIALIZING;
      print("Initializing...");
      return new Future(() {
        print("Initialized");
        _state = _STATE_READY;
        _initEvent.raise();
      });
    } else if (_state == _STATE_INITIALIZING) {
      print("Waiting until initialized");
      var completer = new Completer();
      _initEvent.add(() => completer.complete());
      return completer.future;
    }

    return new Future.value();
  }

  Future execute(String query, [Map arguments]) {
    return _init().then((result) {
      return _execute(query, arguments);
    });
  }

  Future _execute(String query, Map arguments) {
    return new Future.value("query: $query");
  }
}

输出:

Initializing...
Waiting until initialized
Initialized
query: SELECT 1
query: SELECT * FROM users
Goodbye

我认为存在更好的解决方案,但这只是尝试回答你的问题(如果我正确理解你的话)。

<强> P.S。 2014年7月11日编辑

略微修改(带错误处理)示例。

import "dart:async";

void main() {
  var dm = new DataManager();
  var selectOne = dm.execute("SELECT 1");
  var selectUsers = dm.execute("SELECT * FROM users");
  var users = selectOne.then((result) {
    print(result);
    return selectUsers.then((result) {
      print(result);
    });
  });

  users.then((result) {
    print("Goodbye");
  });
}

class DataManager {
  static const int _STATE_NOT_INITIALIZED = 1;
  static const int _STATE_INITIALIZING = 2;
  static const int _STATE_READY = 3;
  static const int _STATE_FAILURE = 4;

  Completer _initEvent = new Completer();
  int _state = _STATE_NOT_INITIALIZED;

  Future _ensureInitialized() {
    switch (_state) {
      case _STATE_NOT_INITIALIZED:
        _state = _STATE_INITIALIZING;
        print("Initializing...");
        new Future(() {
          print("Initialized");
          _state = _STATE_READY;
          // throw null;
          _initEvent.complete();
        }).catchError((e, s) {
          print("Failure");
          _initEvent.completeError(e, s);
        });

        break;    
      case _STATE_INITIALIZING:
        print("Waiting until initialized");
        break;
      case _STATE_FAILURE:
        print("Failure detected");
        break;
      default:
        print("Aleady intialized");
        break;
    }

    return _initEvent.future;
  }

  Future execute(String query, [Map arguments]) {
    return _ensureInitialized().then((result) {
      return _execute(query, arguments);
    });
  }

  Future _execute(String query, Map arguments) {
    return new Future.value("query: $query");
  }
}