Unicode和urllib.open

Question

我正在python中创建一个可以解析Python中yr.no的天气数据的应用程序。它适用于常规ASCII字符串，但在使用unicode时失败。

def GetYRNOWeatherData(country, province, place):

    #Parse the XML file

    wtree = ET.parse(urllib.urlopen("http://www.yr.no/place/" + string.replace(country, ' ', '_').encode('utf-8') + "/" + string.replace(province, ' ', '_').encode('utf-8') + "/" + string.replace(place, ' ', '_').encode('utf-8') + "/forecast.xml"))

例如，当我尝试

时

GetYRNOWeatherData("France", "Île-de-France", "Paris")

我收到此错误

'charmap' codec can't encode character u'\xce' in position 0: character maps to <undefined>

urllib不能很好地处理unicode吗？由于我使用Tkinter作为此函数的前端，这是问题的根源（Tkinter Entry小部件是否能很好地处理unicode？）

Answer 1

您可以通过将每个字符串保持为unicode来处理此问题，直到您实际发出urllib.urlopen请求，此时您encode到utf-8：

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# This import makes all literal strings in the file default to
# type 'unicode' rather than type 'str'. You don't need to use this,
# but you'd need to do u"France" instead of just "France" below, and
# everywhere else you have a string literal.
from __future__ import unicode_literals

import urllib
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

def do_format(*args):
    ret = []
    for arg in args:
        ret.append(arg.replace(" ", "_"))
    return ret 


def GetYRNOWeatherData(country, province, place):
    country, province, place = do_format(country, province, place)
    url = "http://www.yr.no/place/{}/{}/{}/forecast.xml".format(country, province, place)
    wtree = ET.parse(urllib.urlopen(url.encode('utf-8')))
    return wtree


if __name__ == "__main__":
    GetYRNOWeatherData("France", "Île-de-France", "Paris")