下面的代码按我期望的方式工作,即:
要做到这一点,我不得不将1秒钟的睡眠时间分成50毫秒的块状物来检查旗帜。
是否有更多的Pythonic方式在线程中休眠一段时间(例如1秒)但是可以被某些标志或信号中断?
try:
for i in xrange(8):
print "i=%d" % i
for _ in xrange(20):
time.sleep(0.05)
if not self.running:
raise GracefulShutdown
except GracefulShutdown:
print "ernie exiting"
我宁愿这样做,并以某种方式在线程中引起GracefulShutdown异常:
try:
for i in xrange(8):
print "i=%d" % i
time.sleep(1)
# somehow allow another thread to raise GracefulShutdown
# during the sleep() call
except GracefulShutdown:
print "ernie exiting"
完整的程序;
from PySide import QtCore, QtGui
from PySide.QtGui import QApplication
import sys
import signal
import time
class GracefulShutdown(Exception):
pass
class Ernie(QtCore.QThread):
def __init__(self):
super(Ernie, self).__init__()
self.running = True
def run(self):
try:
for i in xrange(8):
print "i=%d" % i
for _ in xrange(20):
time.sleep(0.05)
if not self.running:
raise GracefulShutdown
except GracefulShutdown:
print "ernie exiting"
def shutdown(self):
print "ernie received request to shutdown"
self.running = False
class Bert(object):
def __init__(self, argv):
self.app = QApplication(argv)
self.app.quitOnLastWindowClosed = False
def show(self):
widg = QtGui.QWidget()
widg.resize(250, 150)
widg.setWindowTitle('Simple')
widg.show()
self.widg = widg
return widg
def shutdown(self):
print "bert exiting"
self.widg.close()
def start(self):
# return control to the Python interpreter briefly every 100 msec
timer = QtCore.QTimer()
timer.start(100)
timer.timeout.connect(lambda: None)
return self.app.exec_()
def handleInterrupts(*actors):
def handler(sig, frame):
print "caught interrupt"
for actor in actors:
actor.shutdown()
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, handler)
bert = Bert(sys.argv)
gratuitousWidget = bert.show()
ernie = Ernie()
ernie.start()
handleInterrupts(bert, ernie)
retval = bert.start()
print "bert finished"
while not ernie.wait(100):
# return control to the Python interpreter briefly every 100 msec
pass
print "ernie finished"
sys.exit(retval)
答案 0 :(得分:6)
我不确定Pythonic是如何但它有效。只需使用队列并使用阻塞获取超时。请参阅以下示例:
import threading
import Queue
import time
q = Queue.Queue()
def workit():
for i in range(10):
try:
q.get(timeout=1)
print '%s: Was interrupted' % time.time()
break
except Queue.Empty:
print '%s: One second passed' % time.time()
th = threading.Thread(target=workit)
th.start()
time.sleep(3.2)
q.put(None)
答案 1 :(得分:3)
通常情况下,SIGINT
会中断time.sleep
调用,但Python只允许应用程序主线程接收信号,因此无法在此处使用。如果可能,我建议避免使用time.sleep
,而是使用QTimer
。
from PySide import QtCore, QtGui
from PySide.QtCore import QTimer
from PySide.QtGui import QApplication
import sys
import signal
from functools import partial
class Ernie(QtCore.QThread):
def __init__(self):
super(Ernie, self).__init__()
def do_print(self, cur_num, max_num):
print "i=%d" % cur_num
cur_num += 1
if cur_num < max_num:
func = partial(self.do_print, cur_num, max_num)
QTimer.singleShot(1000, func)
else:
self.exit()
def run(self):
self.do_print(0, 8)
self.exec_() # QTimer requires the event loop for the thread be running.
print "ernie exiting"
class Bert(object):
def __init__(self, argv):
self.app = QApplication(argv)
self.app.quitOnLastWindowClosed = False
def show(self):
widg = QtGui.QWidget()
widg.resize(250, 150)
widg.setWindowTitle('Simple')
widg.show()
self.widg = widg
return widg
def shutdown(self):
print "bert exiting"
self.widg.close()
def start(self):
# return control to the Python interpreter briefly every 100 msec
timer = QtCore.QTimer()
timer.start(100)
timer.timeout.connect(lambda: None)
return self.app.exec_()
def handleInterrupts(*actors):
def handler(sig, frame):
print "caught interrupt"
for actor in actors:
actor.shutdown()
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, handler)
bert = Bert(sys.argv)
gratuitousWidget = bert.show()
ernie = Ernie()
ernie.start()
handleInterrupts(bert)
retval = bert.start()
print "bert finished"
ernie.exit()
while not ernie.wait(100):
# return control to the Python interpreter briefly every 100 msec
pass
print "ernie finished"
sys.exit(retval)
我们不是让run()
方法运行带time.sleep
的for循环,而是在线程内部启动一个事件循环,并使用QTimer
以设定的间隔进行所需的打印。这样,只要我们希望线程关闭,我们就可以调用bernie.exit()
,这将导致bernie'
事件循环立即关闭。
修改强>
这是另一种实现同样想法的方法,至少隐藏了一些复杂性,允许原始for循环保持不变:
def coroutine(func):
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
def execute(gen):
try:
op = gen.next() # run func until a yield is hit
# Determine when to resume execution of the coroutine.
# If func didn't yield anything, schedule it to run again
# immediately by setting timeout to 0.
timeout = op or 0
func = partial(execute, gen)
QTimer.singleShot(timeout, func) # This schedules execute to run until the next yield after `timeout` milliseconds.
except StopIteration:
return
gen = func(*args, **kwargs) # Get a generator object for the decorated function.
execute(gen)
return wrapper
def async_sleep(timeout):
""" When yielded inside a coroutine, triggers a `timeout` length sleep. """
return timeout
class Ernie(QtCore.QThread):
def __init__(self):
super(Ernie, self).__init__()
self.cur_num = 0
self.max_num = 8
@coroutine
def do_print(self):
for i in range(8):
print "i=%d" % i
yield async_sleep(1000) # This could also just be yield 1000
self.exit()
def run(self):
self.do_print() # Schedules do_print to run once self.exec_() is run.
self.exec_()
print "ernie exiting"
coroutine
允许装饰函数在yield
出现时将控制权返回给Qt事件循环一段给定的时间,然后继续执行装饰方法。当然,这实际上只是将复杂性从我原来的例子中移除,但它确实使它远离你在线程中尝试做的实际工作。
工作原理:
该方法的灵感来自异步库中的协程实现,例如Tornado和asyncio模块。虽然我没有尝试提出像那些强大的东西,但这个想法是一样的。我们希望能够中断的方法被实现为生成器,并且装饰有装饰器,装饰器知道如何以允许正确暂停/恢复生成器的方式调用和接收来自生成器的响应。调用do_print
时的流程基本上是这样的:
do_print()
调用run
。这实际上会导致coroutine.wrapper
被调用。wrapper
调用真实的do_print
,它返回一个生成器对象。它将该对象传递给execute
。 execute
在生成器对象上调用next
。这会导致do_print
一直运行,直到yield
被击中。然后暂停执行do_print
。execute
安排do_print
恢复执行。它通过首先确定何时调度它来执行此操作,方法是使用运行的yield
的上一次迭代中的值do_print
,或者通过默认为0(将执行安排为立即恢复)。它调用QTimer.singleShot
来安排自己使用timeout
在partial
毫秒内再次运行,以便它也可以传递生成器对象。do_print
停止产生,调用self.exit()
并返回,此时StopIteration
被引发,coroutine
装饰器只返回而非调度另一个execute
电话。答案 2 :(得分:1)
我的直觉是用os.kill发出一个信号,但只有主线接收到信号,所以厄尼不会被这样打断。文档建议使用锁定。
我的想法是创造一个只有在杀死厄尼的时候才能进入的锁。在主线程创建Bert和Ernie之后,会创建并锁定锁定文件。然后,厄尼将花费一整秒的时间试图获得锁定,而不是睡一秒钟。一旦程序关闭,您就可以释放锁定,Ernie会立即获得锁定;这告诉厄尼,是时候关闭了。
由于您无法按照我们喜欢的方式集成信号和线程,因此这里有另一篇文章讨论线程锁定超时:
How to implement a Lock with a timeout in Python 2.7
我无法告诉你这个解决方案是如何Pythonic的,因为我仍然想要了解Pythonic究竟是什么。一旦你开始介绍线程,优雅的代码在任何情况下都会变得越来越难写。