所以我的代码中出现内存泄漏错误：
*** glibc detected *** ./KalmanFiltering: double free or corruption (!prev): 0x00000000015af7b0 ***
======= Backtrace: =========
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(+0x7eb96)[0x7f0897395b96]
./KalmanFiltering[0x40654d]
/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xed)[0x7f089733876d]
./KalmanFiltering[0x4012b9]
======= Memory map: ========
00400000-00415000 r-xp 00000000 00:15 6312794 /home/iggy/Dropbox/Documents/Research_Work/SimpleHealth/KalmanFilter/KalmanFilter_C++/cmpfit-1.2/KalmanFiltering
00614000-00615000 r--p 00014000 00:15 6312794 /home/iggy/Dropbox/Documents/Research_Work/SimpleHealth/KalmanFilter/KalmanFilter_C++/cmpfit-1.2/KalmanFiltering
00615000-00616000 rw-p 00015000 00:15 6312794 /home/iggy/Dropbox/Documents/Research_Work/SimpleHealth/KalmanFilter/KalmanFilter_C++/cmpfit-1.2/KalmanFiltering
015ae000-01641000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [heap]
7f0897317000-7f08974cc000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 421630 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.15.so
7f08974cc000-7f08976cc000 ---p 001b5000 08:01 421630 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.15.so
7f08976cc000-7f08976d0000 r--p 001b5000 08:01 421630 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.15.so
7f08976d0000-7f08976d2000 rw-p 001b9000 08:01 421630 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.15.so
7f08976d2000-7f08976d7000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
7f08976d7000-7f08976ec000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 395568 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
7f08976ec000-7f08978eb000 ---p 00015000 08:01 395568 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
7f08978eb000-7f08978ec000 r--p 00014000 08:01 395568 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
7f08978ec000-7f08978ed000 rw-p 00015000 08:01 395568 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
7f08978ed000-7f08979e8000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 422139 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm-2.15.so
7f08979e8000-7f0897be7000 ---p 000fb000 08:01 422139 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm-2.15.so
7f0897be7000-7f0897be8000 r--p 000fa000 08:01 422139 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm-2.15.so
7f0897be8000-7f0897be9000 rw-p 000fb000 08:01 422139 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm-2.15.so
7f0897be9000-7f0897ccb000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 531352 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.16
7f0897ccb000-7f0897eca000 ---p 000e2000 08:01 531352 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.16
7f0897eca000-7f0897ed2000 r--p 000e1000 08:01 531352 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.16
7f0897ed2000-7f0897ed4000 rw-p 000e9000 08:01 531352 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.16
7f0897ed4000-7f0897ee9000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
7f0897ee9000-7f0897f0b000 r-xp 00000000 08:01 422388 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.15.so
7f08980a3000-7f08980ea000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
7f0898107000-7f089810b000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0
7f089810b000-7f089810c000 r--p 00022000 08:01 422388 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.15.so
7f089810c000-7f089810e000 rw-p 00023000 08:01 422388 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.15.so
7fffc58ae000-7fffc58cf000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [stack]
7fffc59af000-7fffc59b0000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0 [vdso]
ffffffffff600000-ffffffffff601000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0 [vsyscall]
Aborted (core dumped)
在gdb中运行where我得到：
#0 0x00007ffff723e425 in __GI_raise (sig=<optimized out>) at ../nptl/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/raise.c:64
#1 0x00007ffff7241b8b in __GI_abort () at abort.c:91
#2 0x00007ffff727c39e in __libc_message (do_abort=2, fmt=0x7ffff7386748 "*** glibc detected *** %s: %s: 0x%s ***\n") at ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/libc_fatal.c:201
#3 0x00007ffff7286b96 in malloc_printerr (action=3, str=0x7ffff7386858 "double free or corruption (!prev)", ptr=<optimized out>) at malloc.c:5039
#4 0x000000000040654d in main (argc=6, argv=0x7fffffffe0c8) at KalmanFiltering.cpp:828
其中828是我的main()函数中的返回行。
有问题的代码是：
int main(){
...
EKSmoothParams *EKParams = new EKSmoothParams;
prepareSmoother(optPar, ECGsd, peaks, phase, x, fs, EKParams);
delete EKParams;
return 0;
}
void prepareSmoother(vector<double> optPar, vector<double> ECGsd, vector<double> peaks, vector<double> phase, vector<double> x, double fs, EKSmoothParams *params){
const int N = PEAK_NUM; // number of Gaussian kernels
vector<int> JJ;
JJ.reserve(peaks.size());
for(int i = 0; i < peaks.size(); i++){
if(peaks.at(i) != 0)
JJ.push_back(i);
}
vector<double> fm; // heart-rate
fm.reserve(JJ.size()-1);
for(int i = 0; i < JJ.size()-1; i++){
fm.push_back(fs/(JJ.at(i+1)-JJ.at(i)));
}
vector<double> twoPiFm = fm;
for(int i = 0; i < fm.size(); i++)
twoPiFm[i] = 2*PI*fm.at(i);
double w = calculateMean(twoPiFm); // average heart-rate in rads.
double wsd = sd2(twoPiFm); // heart-rate standard deviation in rads.
params->X0[0][0] = 1.0;
params->X0[0][1] = -PI;
params->X0[1][0] = 1.0;
params->X0[1][1] = 0.0;
params->P0[0][0] = pow(2*PI,2);
params->P0[0][1] = 0.0;
params->P0[1][0] = 2.0;
params->P0[1][1] = 10*pow(findAbsMax(x),2.0);
vector<double> diagonal(3*N+2, 0.0);
for(int i = 0; i < N; i++)
diagonal[i] = pow(0.1*optPar.at(i),2.0);
for(int i = N; i < 3*N; i++)
diagonal[i] = pow(0.5,2.0);
diagonal[3*N] = pow(wsd,2.0);
vector<double>::const_iterator first = ECGsd.begin();
vector<double>::const_iterator last = ECGsd.begin() + round(ECGsd.size()/10.0);
vector<double> ECGsdPartial(first, last);
displayVector(ECGsd);
diagonal[3*N+1] = pow(0.05*calculateMean(ECGsdPartial), 2.0);
for(int i = 0; i < diagonal.size(); i++)
params->Q[i][i] = diagonal[i];
params->R[0][0] = pow(w/fs,2)/12.0;;
params->R[0][1] = 0.0;
params->R[1][0] = 0.0;
params->R[1][1] = pow(calculateMean(ECGsdPartial), 2.0);
for(int i = 0; i < optPar.size(); i++){
params->wMean[i] = optPar.at(i);
params->inits[i] = optPar.at(i);
}
params->wMean[N*3] = w;
params->wMean[N*3+1] = 0;
params->inits[N*3] = w;
params->inits[N*3+1] = fs;
params->vMean[0] = 0.0;
params->vMean[1] = 0.0;
params->inovWlen = round(0.5*fs+0.5);
params->tau = 0;
params->gamma = 1;
params->rAdaptWlen = round(fs/2.0 + 0.5);
params->flag = 1;
for(int i = 0; i < 2; i++){
for(int j = 0; j < 2; j++){
cout << params->R[i][j] << " ";
}
}
}
结构是静态分配的：
struct EKSmoothParams {
int tau;
int gamma;
int flag;
int inovWlen;
int rAdaptWlen;
double wMean[3*PEAK_NUM+2];
double vMean[2];
double inits[3*PEAK_NUM+2];
double X0[2][2];
double P0[2][2];
double Q[3*PEAK_NUM+2][3*PEAK_NUM+2];
double R[2][2];
};
其中：
#define MEAN_PEAK_NUM_HIGH 3
#define MEAN_PEAK_NUM_LOW 3
#define PEAK_NUM MEAN_PEAK_NUM_HIGH+MEAN_PEAK_NUM_LOW
非常感谢任何帮助。我认为如果静态分配结构然后只调用
delete struct_name;
会删除引用。谢谢你的帮助！
更新：
所以我跑了valgrind并告诉我删除delete EKParms。我删除了delete EKParms行并将其再次运行为：
valgrind --leak-check=full ./KalmanFiltering x.txt pphase.txt phase.txt opt.txt peaks.txt
我得到的输出是：
==32755== Memcheck, a memory error detector
==32755== Copyright (C) 2002-2011, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
==32755== Using Valgrind-3.7.0 and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
==32755== Command: ./KalmanFiltering x.txt pphase.txt phase.txt opt.txt peaks.txt
==32755==
0.117777 0.102793 0.0911142 0.107277 0.109 0.126729 0.115012 0.109627 0.131102 0.100467 0.0822639 0.122442 0.0908527 0.116644 0.108093 0.104796 0.12665 0.102979 0.0999146 0.119981 0.107912 0.122379 0.113098 0.0889197 0.106954 0.101472 0.125473 0.107778 0.13228 0.10528 0.11511 0.107965 0.0961817 0.125068 0.12075 0.110846 0.120621 0.132226 0.106999 0.114672 0.0997654 0.104048 0.117857 0.105461 0.127318 0.11103 0.134415 0.12594 0.126633 0.116603 0.109422 0.117 0.130797 0.112808 0.113414 0.0951991 0.112291 0.109693 0.118444 0.104215 0.124635 0.0993083 0.122034 0.122363 0.12139 0.0969221 0.108173 0.109436 0.115881 0.118631 0.0968963 0.104841 0.118923 0.10789 0.108117 0.119053 0.115187 0.119369 0.089593 0.0893818 0.127805 0.109007 0.108001 0.128517 0.105524 0.117847 0.127699 0.101618 0.113646 0.112389 0.114674 0.108706 0.117413 0.119509 0.110195 0.116943 0.132244 0.108374 0.117175 0.114302 0.113753 0.127603 0.104102 0.112583 0.110015 0.102419 0.122587 0.104333 0.122883 0.129287 0.129104 0.10733 0.11312 0.125945 0.119181 0.128817 0.129468 0.114589 0.146289 0.135648 0.118936 0.146207 0.160105 0.167322 0.16074 0.140913 0.153806 0.178517 0.215381 0.251905 0.163988 0.137749 0.107549 0.121755 0.121141 0.0867208 0.103768 0.130058 0.142986 0.115026 0.12086 0.12443 0.122726 0.110762 0.125137 0.126337 0.0953488 0.10774 0.112677 0.116888 0.115948 0.104844 0.114403 0.121069 0.110119 0.0980817 0.109335 0.104094 0.10667 0.118813 0.123157 0.11163 0.105456 0.103909 0.112385 0.126633 0.123956 0.108601 0.113358 0.0971531 0.123609 0.116769 0.130958 0.103691 0.114814 0.116871 0.12273 0.116116 0.118833 0.11895 0.100572 0.128861 0.110058 0.121104 0.122787 0.122287 0.114645 0.12352 0.122679 0.121228 0.116913 0.128488 0.111704 0.102892 0.119502 0.113897 0.144082 0.132502 0.115685 0.145348 0.137543 0.12479 0.132752 0.137675 0.144116 0.127518 0.146219 0.152045 0.123085 0.152635 0.153129 0.159488 0.139282 0.150634 0.119596 0.1195 0.127458 0.109524 0.106355 0.116666 0.114375 0.104727 0.0978894 0.0941401 0.11789 0.11224 0.110342 0.106331 0.104715 0.0991576 0.116447 0.0908483 0.11542 0.105876 0.0955746 0.120995 0.125514 0.130953 0.12472 0.118668 0.118989 0.106662 0.117213 0.111635 0.106181 0.11708 0.101769 0.10301 0.112952 0.104064
3.31532e-06 0 0 0.0118791
==32755==
==32755== HEAP SUMMARY:
==32755== in use at exit: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==32755== total heap usage: 61,624 allocs, 61,624 frees, 6,091,874 bytes allocated
==32755==
==32755== All heap blocks were freed -- no leaks are possible
==32755==
==32755== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
==32755== ERROR SUMMARY: 0 errors from 0 contexts (suppressed: 2 from 2)
然而，当我正常运行程序时，我仍然像以前一样得到双重释放或损坏错误。
答案 0 :(得分：4)
问题可能是内存损坏。你有错误#define PEAK_NUM。需要括号：
#define PEAK_NUM (MEAN_PEAK_NUM_HIGH+MEAN_PEAK_NUM_LOW)
如果没有这些额外的括号，例如你就有了这个：
double Q[3*MEAN_PEAK_NUM_HIGH+MEAN_PEAK_NUM_LOW+2][3*MEAN_PEAK_NUM_HIGH+MEAN_PEAK_NUM_LOW+2];
这显然比你预期的要少得多，所以你的功能可能会破坏记忆，之后就会发生任何事情。
首先修复它！此外，这证明了为什么宏是邪恶的。在使用它们时你必须非常小心，而且它们偶尔也会成为有经验的程序员。
即使这超出了问题的范围，也可以通过 方式更安全地定义常量：
enum {
MEAN_PEAK_NUM_HIGH = 3,
MEAN_PEAK_NUM_LOW = 3,
PEAK_NUM = MEAN_PEAK_NUM_HIGH + MEAN_PEAK_NUM_LOW
};