Question

我正在用Java编写一个应用程序，它通过HTTPS连接到两个Web服务器。一个通过默认的信任链获得证书，另一个使用自签名证书。当然，连接到第一台服务器是开箱即用的，而在我使用该服务器的证书创建一个trustStore之前，使用自签名证书连接到服务器不起作用。但是，与默认可信服务器的连接不再起作用，因为显然我创建自己的默认trustStore会被忽略。

我找到的一个解决方案是将证书从默认的trustStore添加到我自己的。但是，我不喜欢这个解决方案，因为它需要我继续管理那个trustStore。（我不能认为这些证书在可预见的将来会保持不变，对吗？）

除此之外，我发现了两个有着类似问题的5岁线程：

Registering multiple keystores in JVM

How can I have multiple SSL certificates for a Java server

他们都深入到Java SSL基础架构。我希望到现在有一个更方便的解决方案，我可以在我的代码的安全审查中轻松解释。

Answer 1

您可以使用与我在previous answer中提到的类似的模式（针对其他问题）。

基本上，获取默认信任管理器，创建第二个使用您自己的信任库的信任管理器。将它们都包装在一个自定义信任管理器实现中，该实现将代理调用两者（当一个失败时返回另一个）。

TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory
    .getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
// Using null here initialises the TMF with the default trust store.
tmf.init((KeyStore) null);

// Get hold of the default trust manager
X509TrustManager defaultTm = null;
for (TrustManager tm : tmf.getTrustManagers()) {
    if (tm instanceof X509TrustManager) {
        defaultTm = (X509TrustManager) tm;
        break;
    }
}

FileInputStream myKeys = new FileInputStream("truststore.jks");

// Do the same with your trust store this time
// Adapt how you load the keystore to your needs
KeyStore myTrustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
myTrustStore.load(myKeys, "password".toCharArray());

myKeys.close();

tmf = TrustManagerFactory
    .getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
tmf.init(myTrustStore);

// Get hold of the default trust manager
X509TrustManager myTm = null;
for (TrustManager tm : tmf.getTrustManagers()) {
    if (tm instanceof X509TrustManager) {
        myTm = (X509TrustManager) tm;
        break;
    }
}

// Wrap it in your own class.
final X509TrustManager finalDefaultTm = defaultTm;
final X509TrustManager finalMyTm = myTm;
X509TrustManager customTm = new X509TrustManager() {
    @Override
    public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
        // If you're planning to use client-cert auth,
        // merge results from "defaultTm" and "myTm".
        return finalDefaultTm.getAcceptedIssuers();
    }

    @Override
    public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
            String authType) throws CertificateException {
        try {
            finalMyTm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
        } catch (CertificateException e) {
            // This will throw another CertificateException if this fails too.
            finalDefaultTm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
            String authType) throws CertificateException {
        // If you're planning to use client-cert auth,
        // do the same as checking the server.
        finalDefaultTm.checkClientTrusted(chain, authType);
    }
};


SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { customTm }, null);

// You don't have to set this as the default context,
// it depends on the library you're using.
SSLContext.setDefault(sslContext);

您不必将该上下文设置为默认上下文。您如何使用它取决于您正在使用的客户端库（以及从哪里获取其套接字工厂）。

原则上说，无论如何，您始终必须根据需要更新信任库。 Java 7 JSSE参考指南有一个重要的注意事项＆＃34;关于此，现在降级为"note" in version 8 of the same guide：

JDK附带了有限数量的受信任根证书   java-home / lib / security / cacerts文件。如keytool中所述   参考页面，您有责任维护（即添加   如果使用此文件，则删除此文件中包含的证书   将文件作为信任库。

取决于您的服务器的证书配置   联系，您可能需要添加其他根证书。获得   需要来自相应供应商的特定根证书。

Answer 2

也许我回答这个问题还为时6年，但它可能对其他开发人员也有帮助。我还遇到了加载默认信任库和我自己的自定义信任库的相同挑战。在对多个项目使用相同的自定义解决方案之后，我认为创建一个图书馆并使其公开提供以回馈社区非常方便。请在这里看看：Github - SSLContext-Kickstart

用法：

import nl.altindag.sslcontext.SSLFactory;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.List;

public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String trustStorePath = ...;
        char[] password = "password".toCharArray();


        SSLFactory sslFactory = SSLFactory.builder()
                .withDefaultTrustMaterial()
                .withTrustMaterial(trustStorePath, password)
                .build();

        SSLContext sslContext = sslFactory.getSslContext();
        List<X509Certificate> trustedCertificates = sslFactory.getTrustedCertificates();
    }

}

我不确定是否应该在此处发布此内容，因为它也可以被视为推广“我的库”的一种方法，但我认为这对面临相同挑战的开发人员可能会有所帮助。

Answer 3

这是Bruno's answer的较干净版本

public void configureTrustStore() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException, KeyStoreException,
        CertificateException, IOException {
    X509TrustManager jreTrustManager = getJreTrustManager();
    X509TrustManager myTrustManager = getMyTrustManager();

    X509TrustManager mergedTrustManager = createMergedTrustManager(jreTrustManager, myTrustManager);
    setSystemTrustManager(mergedTrustManager);
}

private X509TrustManager getJreTrustManager() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyStoreException {
    return findDefaultTrustManager(null);
}

private X509TrustManager getMyTrustManager() throws FileNotFoundException, KeyStoreException, IOException,
        NoSuchAlgorithmException, CertificateException {
    // Adapt to load your keystore
    try (FileInputStream myKeys = new FileInputStream("truststore.jks")) {
        KeyStore myTrustStore = KeyStore.getInstance("jks");
        myTrustStore.load(myKeys, "password".toCharArray());

        return findDefaultTrustManager(myTrustStore);
    }
}

private X509TrustManager findDefaultTrustManager(KeyStore keyStore)
        throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyStoreException {
    TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
    tmf.init(keyStore); // If keyStore is null, tmf will be initialized with the default trust store

    for (TrustManager tm : tmf.getTrustManagers()) {
        if (tm instanceof X509TrustManager) {
            return (X509TrustManager) tm;
        }
    }
    return null;
}

private X509TrustManager createMergedTrustManager(X509TrustManager jreTrustManager,
        X509TrustManager customTrustManager) {
    return new X509TrustManager() {
        @Override
        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
            // If you're planning to use client-cert auth,
            // merge results from "defaultTm" and "myTm".
            return jreTrustManager.getAcceptedIssuers();
        }

        @Override
        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
            try {
                customTrustManager.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
            } catch (CertificateException e) {
                // This will throw another CertificateException if this fails too.
                jreTrustManager.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
            // If you're planning to use client-cert auth,
            // do the same as checking the server.
            jreTrustManager.checkClientTrusted(chain, authType);
        }

    };
}

private void setSystemTrustManager(X509TrustManager mergedTrustManager)
        throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {
    SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
    sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { mergedTrustManager }, null);

    // You don't have to set this as the default context,
    // it depends on the library you're using.
    SSLContext.setDefault(sslContext);
}

Answer 4

您可以通过调用TrustManagerFactory.init((KeyStore)null)并获取其X509Certificate来检索默认信任存储。将此与您自己的证书结合在一起。您可以使用.jks从.p12或KeyStore.load文件中加载自签名证书，也可以通过{加载.crt（或.cer）文件。 {1}}。

CertificateFactory

Answer 5

我发现，您还可以使用Apache HttpComponents库中的SSLContextBuilder类将自定义密钥存储添加到SSLContext：

SSLContextBuilder builder = new SSLContextBuilder();
try {
     keyStore.load(null, null);
     builder.loadTrustMaterial(keyStore, null);
     builder.loadKeyMaterial(keyStore, null);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | KeyStoreException | CertificateException | IOException
          | UnrecoverableKeyException e) {
     log.error("Can not load keys from keystore '{}'", keyStore.getProvider(), e);
}
return builder.build();

在java中使用自定义信任库以及默认信任库

5 个答案: