我正在尝试从接口继承两个不同的模型。这些模型应该作为List或Collection传递给Method。现在我收到此错误消息:
The type 'InheritanceTest.FooModel' cannot be used as type parameter 'T' in the generic type or method 'InheritanceTest.Service.DoSomethingWith<T>(System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<T>)'. There is no implicit reference conversion from 'InheritanceTest.FooModel' to 'InheritanceTest.IModel<InheritanceTest.IModelItem>'. C:\Work\InheritanceTest\InheritanceTest\Program.cs 14 13 InheritanceTest
有人可以解释一下,我做错了什么? :d
演示代码:
interface IModel<T> where T : IModelItem
{
string Name { get; set; }
IEnumerable<T> Items { get; set; }
}
interface IModelItem
{
string Name { get; set; }
}
class FooModel : IModel<FooModelItem>
{
public FooModel()
{
Items = new List<FooModelItem>();
}
public string Name { get; set; }
public IEnumerable<FooModelItem> Items { get; set; }
}
class FooModelItem : IModelItem
{
public string Name { get; set; }
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var fooLists = new List<FooModel>();
var barLists = new ObservableCollection<BarModel>();
var service = new Service();
service.DoSomethingWith(fooLists);
service.DoSomethingWith(barLists);
}
}
class Service
{
public void DoSomethingWith<T>(IEnumerable<T> list) where T : IModel<IModelItem>
{
foreach (var model in list)
{
Debug.WriteLine(model.Name);
foreach (var item in model.Items)
{
Debug.WriteLine(item.Name);
}
}
}
}
演示项目可以在GitHub找到: https://github.com/SunboX/InheritanceTest/blob/master/InheritanceTest/Program.cs
答案 0 :(得分:4)
作为一个为什么你不能这样做的例子,想象一下除了FooModel
和FooModelItem
之外,你还有BarModelItem
。现在让我们说你这样做:
IModel<FooModelItem> fooModel = new FooModel();
IModel<IModelItem> iModel = fooModel;
iModel.Items = new List<BarModelItem>(new BarModelItem());
FooModelItem fooModelItem = fooModel.Items.First();
如果这是有效代码,那么您就会遇到麻烦,因为您在最后一行中找回的项目实际上不是FooModelItem
而是BarModelItem
!
如果仔细阅读每一行,您将看到唯一可能的错误行是第二行。这说明了即使IModel<FooModelItem>
无法将IModel<IModelItem>
分配给FooModelItem : IModelItem
的原因。无法执行该分配正是您的方法调用失败的原因。
您可以查看通用协方差和逆变,以了解在某些情况下如何避免这种情况,但如果不修改模型,这对您的特定情况无济于事。