针对小型数据库的Neo4j性能调优

时间:2014-07-01 14:50:41

标签: performance neo4j sparql query-tuning

我正在使用一个带有小图的Neo4j 1.9.7数据库:

Nodes               19.806
Properties          230.175
Relationship        83.853
Relationship types  3

我已经通过Sail导入了这些数据,以使用SPARQL插件执行一些查询。我的图有3个实体,BusinessProcess,ApplicationProcess,数据库链接如下

BUS2 ----> APP4 -----> DB10
|            |-------> DB9
|
|------> APP5 -----> DB11
|                      ^
|------> APP6 ---------|

我正在运行neo4j作为服务器并通过Advanced Rest Client for Chrome执行localhost查询,因为我只将数据库用于读取数据。 当我执行前3个查询时,一切顺利。例如,这个sparql查询

SELECT ?O 
WHERE{ ?S ?P ?O. ?O ?P2 ?OO.} 
GROUP BY ?O HAVING((COUNT(?P2)=1))

返回

[ {
  "O" : "http://neo4j.org#ApplicationProcessI"
} ]

in 6911 ms

这对我来说是可以接受的(我不需要真实的情况,只是在Neo4j解决方案与MySQL上的同一个数据库之间进行比较,所以我不需要对两者进行完美的调整,只需要人类的耐心认可一个=))

我的查询存在问题

PREFIX bus:<http://neo4j.org#BusinessProcess> 
SELECT ?bus ?db 
WHERE{ bus:9 ?p1 ?app. ?app ?p2 ?db. ?bus ?p1 ?app2. ?app2 ?p2 ?db. FILTER(?bus != bus:2) }
GROUP BY ?bus ?db

应该说哪些业务流程与特定的数据库共享相同的数据库(示例中为BusinessProcess9)。在这里,我的数据库似乎没有在可接受的人类时间内得到答案(它超出了小时而没有得出结论)。阅读手册和其他类似问题我认为这个问题应该不会那么成问题。 我尝试稍微调整数据库,但事情并没有改善,所以我决定寻求帮助。

商店详情:

-rw-rw-r-- 1 ivan ivan  14M lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.propertystore.db.strings
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ivan ivan 9,0M lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.propertystore.db
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ivan ivan 3,0M lug  1 16:24 data/EASample2.db/neostore.relationshipstore.db
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ivan ivan 340K lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.propertystore.db.arrays
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ivan ivan 175K lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.nodestore.db
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ivan ivan  380 lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.propertystore.db.index.keys
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ivan ivan  152 lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.relationshiptypestore.db.names
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ivan ivan   81 lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.propertystore.db.index
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ivan ivan   54 lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ivan ivan   15 lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.relationshiptypestore.db
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    9 lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.id
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    9 lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.nodestore.db.id
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    9 lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.propertystore.db.arrays.id
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    9 lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.propertystore.db.id
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    9 lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.propertystore.db.index.id
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    9 lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.propertystore.db.index.keys.id
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    9 lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.propertystore.db.strings.id
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    9 lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.relationshipstore.db.id
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    9 lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.relationshiptypestore.db.id
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    9 lug  1 16:12 data/EASample2.db/neostore.relationshiptypestore.db.names.id

使用

Neo4j 1.9.7
Java 1.7.0_55
CPU Intel Core i7-2630QM 2 Ghz / Turbo boost to 2.9 Ghz
4 GB DDR3 RAM
Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

neo4j.properties

# Default values for the low-level graph engine
#neostore.nodestore.db.mapped_memory=25M
#neostore.relationshipstore.db.mapped_memory=50M
#neostore.propertystore.db.mapped_memory=90M
#neostore.propertystore.db.strings.mapped_memory=130M
#neostore.propertystore.db.arrays.mapped_memory=130M

#add by me
use_memory_mapped_buffers=true

# Enable this to be able to upgrade a store from 1.4 -> 1.5 or 1.4 -> 1.6
#allow_store_upgrade=true

# Enable this to specify a parser other than the default one. 1.5, 1.6, 1.7 are available
#cypher_parser_version=1.6

# Keep logical logs, helps debugging but uses more disk space, enabled for
# legacy reasons To limit space needed to store historical logs use values such
# as: "7 days" or "100M size" instead of "true"
keep_logical_logs=true

# Autoindexing

# Enable auto-indexing for nodes, default is false
#node_auto_indexing=true

# The node property keys to be auto-indexed, if enabled
#node_keys_indexable=name,age

# Enable auto-indexing for relationships, default is false
#relationship_auto_indexing=true

# The relationship property keys to be auto-indexed, if enabled
#relationship_keys_indexable=name,age

的Neo4j-wrapper.conf

wrapper.java.additional=-Dorg.neo4j.server.properties=conf/neo4j-server.properties
wrapper.java.additional=-Djava.util.logging.config.file=conf/logging.properties
wrapper.java.additional=-Dlog4j.configuration=file:conf/log4j.properties

#********************************************************************
# JVM Parameters
#********************************************************************

wrapper.java.additional=-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC
wrapper.java.additional=-XX:+CMSClassUnloadingEnabled

# Uncomment the following lines to enable garbage collection logging
#wrapper.java.additional=-Xloggc:data/log/neo4j-gc.log
#wrapper.java.additional=-XX:+PrintGCDetails
#wrapper.java.additional=-XX:+PrintGCDateStamps
#wrapper.java.additional=-XX:+PrintGCApplicationStoppedTime
#wrapper.java.additional=-XX:+PrintPromotionFailure
#wrapper.java.additional=-XX:+PrintTenuringDistribution

# Uncomment the following lines to enable JVM startup diagnostics
#wrapper.java.additional=-XX:+PrintFlagsFinal
#wrapper.java.additional=-XX:+PrintFlagsInitial

# Java Heap Size: by default the Java heap size is dynamically
# calculated based on available system resources.
# Uncomment these lines to set specific initial and maximum
# heap size in MB.
wrapper.java.initmemory=128
wrapper.java.maxmemory=512

#********************************************************************
# Wrapper settings
#********************************************************************
# path is relative to the bin dir
wrapper.pidfile=../data/neo4j-server.pid

#********************************************************************
# Wrapper Windows NT/2000/XP Service Properties
#********************************************************************
# WARNING - Do not modify any of these properties when an application
#  using this configuration file has been installed as a service.
#  Please uninstall the service before modifying this section.  The
#  service can then be reinstalled.

# Name of the service
wrapper.name=neo4j

# User account to be used for linux installs. Will default to current
# user if not set.
wrapper.user=

正如你所看到的,我离开了映射的默认配置(因为我的图看起来很适合它们)并且我将堆更改为128M - 512M(根据manual应该可以工作) 我注意到在查询过程中只有一个CPU核心处于完全使用状态,但我理解这是正常的,因为遍历只能在一个核心上发生。 另外,对于jvisualvm,我注意到这个过程永远不会达到完整的堆使用量(在一小时内我会离开它)。 GC似乎不是一个问题,因为它的活动率约为1.4 / 1.6%。 CPU使用率约为20%

如果我在Cypher中运行查询

,会遇到同样的问题
start bus1=node(9)
match bus1-->app1-->db<--app2<--bus2
where bus1 <> bus2
return db.value, bus2.value

是硬件问题(我的笔记本电脑不是我所知道的最好)并且我应该尝试使用更多内存的东西来填充堆(我可以在开始使用交换之前将其提升到1Gb到我的笔记本电脑) )还是有一些调整要比这更多?或者可能是查询问题?

修改

在我写完之后,我试图在cypher查询中插入一个distinct子句,然后我执行了cia shell(读取这个answer我认为我可能遇到类似的问题)。查询在83118 ms之后结束,结果为374K +。所以我认为这不是数据库的调优问题,而是SPARQL查询编写得不好。

编辑Cypher查询

start bus1=node(9)
match bus1-->app1-->db<--app2<--bus2
where bus1 <> bus2
return distinct db.value, bus2.value

结果(摘录):

| "http://neo4j.org#Database214"  | "http://neo4j.org#BusinessProcess87"  |
| "http://neo4j.org#Database214"  | "http://neo4j.org#BusinessProcess37"  |
| "http://neo4j.org#Database214"  | "http://neo4j.org#BusinessProcess118" |
| "http://neo4j.org#Database214"  | "http://neo4j.org#BusinessProcess79"  |
| "http://neo4j.org#Database214"  | "http://neo4j.org#BusinessProcess39"  |
| "http://neo4j.org#Database214"  | "http://neo4j.org#BusinessProcess63"  |
| "http://neo4j.org#Database214"  | "http://neo4j.org#BusinessProcess112" |
| "http://neo4j.org#Database214"  | "http://neo4j.org#BusinessProcess82"  |
| "http://neo4j.org#Database214"  | "http://neo4j.org#BusinessProcess89"  |
| "http://neo4j.org#Database214"  | "http://neo4j.org#BusinessProcess40"  |
| "http://neo4j.org#Database214"  | "http://neo4j.org#BusinessProcess60"  |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
374501 rows

13251 ms

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

这似乎是一个SPARQL查询问题。将其更改为:

PREFIX bus:<http://neo4j.org#BusinessProcess> 
SELECT ?bus ?db 
WHERE{ bus:9 ?p1 ?app. 
       ?app ?p2 ?db. 
       ?db ?p2 ?app2. 
       ?app2 ?p1 ?bus. 
       FILTER(?bus != bus:2) }
GROUP BY ?bus ?db

在374k +结果开始时,查询首先在〜50秒内得到一个asnwer。从select和group by子句中删除db,因为在我的情况下共享哪个数据库的信息不是主要的,这是第二次更改,使查询执行得更好,并在~5s内获得anser。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

我遇到了类似的问题,增加了

的价值
wrapper.java.initmemory=128
wrapper.java.maxmemory=512

为我解决了这个问题。

还要确保

neostore.nodestore.db.mapped_memory=25M
neostore.relationshipstore.db.mapped_memory=50M
neostore.propertystore.db.mapped_memory=90M
neostore.propertystore.db.strings.mapped_memory=130M
neostore.propertystore.db.arrays.mapped_memory=130M

的大小等于或大于neo4j/data文件夹中的相应文件。