这是我的第二篇文章，因为我正在学习python并在matplotlib上尝试过我的手。我在matplot网站上使用了以下示例，如果我从3文件中的shebang行中移除python之后的plotexample.py，它可以正常工作（即显示图表）。
我在Ubuntu 12.04上，并在终端上运行以下命令：
$chmod +x plotexample.py
$./plotexample.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import matplotlib
from numpy.random import randn
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.ticker import FuncFormatter
def to_percent(y, position):
# Ignore the passed in position. This has the effect of scaling the default
# tick locations.
s = str(100 * y)
# The percent symbol needs escaping in latex
if matplotlib.rcParams['text.usetex'] == True:
return s + r'$\%$'
else:
return s + '%'
x = randn(5000)
# Make a normed histogram. It'll be multiplied by 100 later.
plt.hist(x, bins=50, normed=True)
# Create the formatter using the function to_percent. This multiplies all the
# default labels by 100, making them all percentages
formatter = FuncFormatter(to_percent)
# Set the formatter
plt.gca().yaxis.set_major_formatter(formatter)
plt.savefig("test.pdf")
plt.show()
我看了一些其他帖子并从那些帖子中读取，运行如下：
>>> import matplotlib
>>> matplotlib.get_backend()
'TkAgg'
我还从软件包库中安装了tk-dev(8.5.0-2)，并重试了所有内容，但还没有运气。如何解决show()问题，因为我不想每次都savefig()。{/ p>
我也运行了以下内容以确保我有正确的安装（或者我认为）并且安装正常但是没有解决问题
sudo pip3 install matplotlib
当我等待回复时，我也在python提示符下尝试了以下内容：
>>> import matplotlib
>>> matplotlib.use('GTKAgg')
>>>
所以，我编辑了我的文件内容：
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('GTKAgg')
from numpy.random import randn
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.ticker import FuncFormatter
但是在运行程序时，我收到以下错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/matplotlib-1.3.1-py3.2-linux-i686.egg/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk.py", line 12, in <module>
import gobject
ImportError: No module named gobject
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "./plotexample.py", line 6, in <module>
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/matplotlib-1.3.1-py3.2-linux-i686.egg/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 98, in <module>
_backend_mod, new_figure_manager, draw_if_interactive, _show = pylab_setup()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/matplotlib-1.3.1-py3.2-linux-i686.egg/matplotlib/backends/__init__.py", line 28, in pylab_setup
globals(),locals(),[backend_name],0)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/matplotlib-1.3.1-py3.2-linux-i686.egg/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtkagg.py", line 10, in <module>
from matplotlib.backends.backend_gtk import gtk, FigureManagerGTK, FigureCanvasGTK,\
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/matplotlib-1.3.1-py3.2-linux-i686.egg/matplotlib/backends/backend_gtk.py", line 16, in <module>
raise ImportError("Gtk* backend requires pygtk to be installed.")
ImportError: Gtk* backend requires pygtk to be installed.
我做了一些googl'ing并发现Python3没有pygtk。那是对的吗。我如何解决这个问题，或者如果我想让show（）工作
，我是否会使用旧版本的Python我在安装tk-dev之后运行sudo pip3 install matplotlib，删除python3-tk并重新安装python3-tk。
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): matplotlib in /usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/matplotlib-1.3.1-py3.2-linux-i686.egg
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): numpy>=1.5 in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from matplotlib)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): python-dateutil in /usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/python_dateutil-2.2-py3.2.egg (from matplotlib)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): tornado in /usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages (from matplotlib)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pyparsing>=1.5.6,!=2.0.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/pyparsing-2.0.2-py3.2.egg (from matplotlib)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): nose in /usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages (from matplotlib)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): six in /usr/local/lib/python3.2/dist-packages/six-1.7.2-py3.2.egg (from python-dateutil->matplotlib)
Cleaning up...