Question

我有一个包含这样的资源工厂的服务：

serviceModule.factory('ProjectResource', ['$resource', function($resource){
    return $resource('/projects/:id.json', {}, {
        'query': {method: 'GET', isArray: true}}
    );
}]);

在一个驻留在控制器中的表单中，我注入了serviceModule，并创建了一个资源对象的新实例：

  $scope.project = new ProjectResource({name: 'Enter a name'})

我有一些嘲弄它的问题。我尝试创建这样的模拟对象，并将其注入控制器：

 mockProjectResource = {
            query: function(){
                deferred = $q.defer();
                deferred.resolve({id: 1, :name:'test'});
                return deferred.promise;
            }
        };

无论是单元测试，我都会收到错误：

TypeError: undefined is not a function

指向项目资源对象（$scope.project = new ProjectResource({name: 'Enter a name'})）的初始化。

有没有什么好方法来模仿new ProjectResource(...)？

Answer 1

你看过'ngMock'吗？

angular.module('project-resource', ['ngResource'])
    .factory('ProjectResource', function($resource){
        //Do not need to redefine the `query` action as it is defined by default by ngResource
        return $resource('/projects/:id.json', {'id': '@id'});
    });

describe('ProjectResource', function(){
    beforeEach(module('service-module-name'));

    afterEach(inject(function($httpBackend){
        //These two calls will make sure that at the end of the test, all expected http calls were made
        $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingExpectation();
        $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingRequest();
    }));

    it('mock http call', inject(function($httpBackend, ProjectResource) {
        var resource = new ProjectResource({
            id : 'abcde'
        });
        //Create an expectation for the correct url, and respond with a mock object
        $httpBackend.expectGET('/projects/abcde.json').respond(200, JSON.stringify({
            id : 'abcde',
            name : 'test'
        }));

        //Make the query
        resource.$query();

        //Because we're mocking an async action, ngMock provides a method for us to explicitly flush the request
        $httpBackend.flush();

        //Now the resource should behave as expected
        expect(resource.name).toBe('test');
    }));
});

Answer 2

从我所看到的，我只需要创建一个存根对象而不是一个模拟对象。

由于ProjectResource是构造函数函数。您可以像这样创建它的存根：

mockProjectResource = function (properties){
    for(var k in properties) 
       this[k]=properties[k];
};

mockProjectResource.query = function(){
      deferred = $q.defer();
      deferred.resolve({id: 1, :name:'test'});
      return deferred.promise;
};

如果您需要了解模拟和存根之间的差异：What are the differences between mocks and stubs on Rhino Mocks?。（不要认为这个链接只适用于Rhino mock，这个概念对所有框架和技术都是一样的）

Answer 3

我创建了一个小型库来帮助模拟ngResource：https://github.com/michalstawski/ngResourceMock

它与$ httpBackend有类似的api。有了它，你可以在测试中做这样的事情：

$scope.project.whenQuery().resolve([]);

这将解决每个使用空数组查询的调用。

比自己模拟资源更容易，更快，同时在比httpBackend更高的抽象级别上。

Answer 4

模拟基于资源的服务的另一种方法是这样的：

// the name of an object should start with a capital letter
// in the case where we create a function object (as opposed to
// a literal object).
MockProjectResource = function(){};

// we add the "query" method to the "prototype" property
MockProjectResource.prototype.query = function(){
  deferred = $q.defer();
  deferred.resolve({id: 1, :name:'test'});
  return deferred.promise;
};

如上所述模拟查询函数适用于控制器期望通过调用返回promise的情况，例如：

var projectController = angular.module('projectController', []);
projectController.controller('ProjectController', ['$scope', 'ProjectResource',
  function($scope, ProjectResource) {

    var promise = ProjectResource.query();
    promise.then(function(data) {
        console.log(data);
      },
      function(err){
        console.log(err);
      });

}]);

但是，如果控制器希望在回调中发送结果，如下所示：

      ProjectResource.query(function(data) {
          console.log(data);
        },
        function(err){
          console.log(err);
        });

然后，服务需要像这样嘲笑：

MockProjectResource.prototype.query = function(success, error){
  var deferred = q.defer();
  var promise = deferred.promise;
  promise.then(success, error);
  deferred.resolve({id: 1, :name:'test'});
};

有关完整示例，请参阅我对类似问题的回答：

How do you mock an angularjs $resource factory

如何在AngularJS中模拟包含资源的服务

4 个答案: