如何在Swift中发出HTTP请求+基本身份验证

时间：2014-06-24 06:20:14

标签： ios swift

我有一个基本身份验证的RESTFull服务，我想从iOS + swift调用它。我必须为此请求提供凭据的方式和位置？

我的代码（抱歉，我刚开始学习iOS / obj-c / swift）：

class APIProxy: NSObject {
var data: NSMutableData = NSMutableData()

func connectToWebApi() {
    var urlPath = "http://xx.xx.xx.xx/BP3_0_32/ru/hs/testservis/somemethod"
    NSLog("connection string \(urlPath)")
    var url: NSURL = NSURL(string: urlPath)
    var request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url)
    let username = "hs"
    let password = "1"
    let loginString = NSString(format: "%@:%@", username, password)
    let loginData: NSData = loginString.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)
    let base64LoginString = loginData.base64EncodedStringWithOptions(NSDataBase64EncodingOptions.fromMask(0))
    request.setValue(base64LoginString, forHTTPHeaderField: "Authorization")

    var connection: NSURLConnection = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate: self)

    connection.start()
}


//NSURLConnection delegate method
func connection(connection: NSURLConnection!, didFailWithError error: NSError!) {
    println("Failed with error:\(error.localizedDescription)")
}

//NSURLConnection delegate method
func connection(didReceiveResponse: NSURLConnection!, didReceiveResponse response: NSURLResponse!) {
    //New request so we need to clear the data object
    self.data = NSMutableData()
}

//NSURLConnection delegate method
func connection(connection: NSURLConnection!, didReceiveData data: NSData!) {
    //Append incoming data
    self.data.appendData(data)
}

//NSURLConnection delegate method
func connectionDidFinishLoading(connection: NSURLConnection!) {
    NSLog("connectionDidFinishLoading");
}

}

8 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：139)

您在URLRequest实例中提供凭据，如Swift 3中所示：

let username = "user"
let password = "pass"
let loginString = String(format: "%@:%@", username, password)
let loginData = loginString.data(using: String.Encoding.utf8)!
let base64LoginString = loginData.base64EncodedString()

// create the request
let url = URL(string: "http://www.example.com/")!
var request = URLRequest(url: url)
request.httpMethod = "POST"
request.setValue("Basic \(base64LoginString)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Authorization")

// fire off the request
// make sure your class conforms to NSURLConnectionDelegate
let urlConnection = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate: self)

或者在Swift 2中的NSMutableURLRequest：

// set up the base64-encoded credentials
let username = "user"
let password = "pass"
let loginString = NSString(format: "%@:%@", username, password)
let loginData: NSData = loginString.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!
let base64LoginString = loginData.base64EncodedStringWithOptions([])

// create the request
let url = NSURL(string: "http://www.example.com/")
let request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url)
request.HTTPMethod = "POST"
request.setValue("Basic \(base64LoginString)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Authorization")

// fire off the request
// make sure your class conforms to NSURLConnectionDelegate
let urlConnection = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate: self)

答案 1 :(得分：19)

// create authentication base 64 encoding string 

    let PasswordString = "\(txtUserName.text):\(txtPassword.text)"
    let PasswordData = PasswordString.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)
    let base64EncodedCredential = PasswordData!.base64EncodedStringWithOptions(NSDataBase64EncodingOptions.Encoding64CharacterLineLength)
    //let base64EncodedCredential = PasswordData!.base64EncodedStringWithOptions(nil)

//创建身份验证网址

    let urlPath: String = "http://...../auth"
    var url: NSURL = NSURL(string: urlPath)

//创建并初始化基本身份验证请求

    var request: NSMutableURLRequest = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url)
    request.setValue("Basic \(base64EncodedCredential)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Authorization")
    request.HTTPMethod = "GET"

//您可以使用以下方法之一

// 1 NSURLConnectionDataDelegate的URL请求

    let queue:NSOperationQueue = NSOperationQueue()
    let urlConnection = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate: self)
    urlConnection.start()

// 2使用AsynchronousRequest的URL请求

    NSURLConnection.sendAsynchronousRequest(request, queue: NSOperationQueue.mainQueue()) {(response, data, error) in
        println(NSString(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding))
    }

// 2带有带有json输出的AsynchronousRequest的URL请求

    NSURLConnection.sendAsynchronousRequest(request, queue: NSOperationQueue.mainQueue(), completionHandler:{ (response: NSURLResponse!, data: NSData!, error: NSError!) -> Void in
        var err: NSError
        var jsonResult: NSDictionary = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data, options: NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers, error: nil) as NSDictionary
        println("\(jsonResult)")
    })

// 3使用SynchronousRequest的URL请求

    var response: AutoreleasingUnsafePointer<NSURLResponse?>=nil
    var dataVal: NSData =  NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(request, returningResponse: response, error:nil)
    var err: NSError
    var jsonResult: NSDictionary = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(dataVal, options: NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers, error: nil) as NSDictionary
    println("\(jsonResult)")

// 4使用NSURLSession的URL请求

    let config = NSURLSessionConfiguration.defaultSessionConfiguration()
    let authString = "Basic \(base64EncodedCredential)"
    config.HTTPAdditionalHeaders = ["Authorization" : authString]
    let session = NSURLSession(configuration: config)

    session.dataTaskWithURL(url) {
        (let data, let response, let error) in
        if let httpResponse = response as? NSHTTPURLResponse {
            let dataString = NSString(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding)
            println(dataString)
        }
    }.resume()

//如果您更改了请求，可能会出现致命错误.HTTPMethod =＆＃34; POST＆＃34;当服务器请求GET请求时

答案 2 :(得分：6)

在Swift 2中：

extension NSMutableURLRequest {
    func setAuthorizationHeader(username username: String, password: String) -> Bool {
        guard let data = "\(username):\(password)".dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding) else { return false }

        let base64 = data.base64EncodedStringWithOptions([])
        setValue("Basic \(base64)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Authorization")
        return true
    }
}

答案 3 :(得分：5)

斯普利特4：

exc_to_become_production['type'] = 'production'
exc_to_become_production['input'] = exc_to_become_production['output']
exc_to_become_production.save()

答案 4 :(得分：3)

明确SWIFT 3和APACHE简单验证：

func urlSession(_ session: URLSession, task: URLSessionTask,
                didReceive challenge: URLAuthenticationChallenge,
                completionHandler: @escaping (URLSession.AuthChallengeDisposition, URLCredential?) -> Void) {

    let credential = URLCredential(user: "test",
                                   password: "test",
                                   persistence: .none)

    completionHandler(.useCredential, credential)


}

答案 5 :(得分：1)

我的解决方案如下：

import UIKit


class LoginViewController: UIViewController, NSURLConnectionDataDelegate {

  @IBOutlet var usernameTextField: UITextField
  @IBOutlet var passwordTextField: UITextField

  @IBAction func login(sender: AnyObject) {
    var url = NSURL(string: "YOUR_URL")
    var request = NSURLRequest(URL: url)
    var connection = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate: self, startImmediately: true)

  }

  func connection(connection:NSURLConnection!, willSendRequestForAuthenticationChallenge challenge:NSURLAuthenticationChallenge!) {

    if challenge.previousFailureCount > 1 {

    } else {
        let creds = NSURLCredential(user: usernameTextField.text, password: passwordTextField.text, persistence: NSURLCredentialPersistence.None)
        challenge.sender.useCredential(creds, forAuthenticationChallenge: challenge)

    }

}

  func connection(connection:NSURLConnection!, didReceiveResponse response: NSURLResponse) {
    let status = (response as NSHTTPURLResponse).statusCode
    println("status code is \(status)")
    // 200? Yeah authentication was successful
  }


  override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()

  }

  override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
    super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()

  }  
}

您可以将此类用作ViewController的实现。将您的字段连接到IBOutlet带注释的变量，将按钮连接到IBAction带注释的功能。

说明： 在函数登录中，您可以使用NSURL，NSURLRequest和NSURLConnection创建请求。 这里必不可少的是引用此类（自我）的委托。 要接收代表电话，您需要

  • 将协议NSURLConnectionDataDelegate添加到类
  • 实施协议＆＃39;功能＆＃34;连接：willSendRequestForAuthenticationChallenge＆＃34; 这用于将凭据添加到请求
  • 实施协议＆＃39;功能＆＃34;连接：didReceiveResponse＆＃34; 这将检查http响应状态代码

答案 6 :(得分：1)

我在登录按钮上调用json点击

@IBAction func loginClicked(sender : AnyObject){

var request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: NSURL(string: kLoginURL)) // Here, kLogin contains the Login API.


var session = NSURLSession.sharedSession()

request.HTTPMethod = "POST"

var err: NSError?
request.HTTPBody = NSJSONSerialization.dataWithJSONObject(self.criteriaDic(), options: nil, error: &err) // This Line fills the web service with required parameters.
request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept")

var task = session.dataTaskWithRequest(request, completionHandler: {data, response, error -> Void in
 //   println("Response: \(response)")
var strData = NSString(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding)
println("Body: \(strData)")       
var err1: NSError?
var json2 = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(strData.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding), options: .MutableLeaves, error:&err1 ) as NSDictionary

println("json2 :\(json2)")

if(err) {
    println(err!.localizedDescription)
}
else {
    var success = json2["success"] as? Int
    println("Succes: \(success)")
}
})

task.resume()

}

在这里，我为参数创建了一个单独的字典。

var params = ["format":"json", "MobileType":"IOS","MIN":"f8d16d98ad12acdbbe1de647414495ec","UserName":emailTxtField.text,"PWD":passwordTxtField.text,"SigninVia":"SH"]as NSDictionary
     return params
}

答案 7 :(得分：1)

我遇到类似的问题，尝试向MailGun发送一些我在应用中实现的自动电子邮件。

我能够通过大型HTTP响应使其正常工作。我把完整的路径放到Keys.plist中，这样我就可以将我的代码上传到github并将一些参数分解为变量，这样我就可以在以后的程序中设置它们。

// Email the FBO with desired information
// Parse our Keys.plist so we can use our path
var keys: NSDictionary?

if let path = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("Keys", ofType: "plist") {
    keys = NSDictionary(contentsOfFile: path)
}

if let dict = keys {
    // variablize our https path with API key, recipient and message text
    let mailgunAPIPath = dict["mailgunAPIPath"] as? String
    let emailRecipient = "bar@foo.com"
    let emailMessage = "Testing%20email%20sender%20variables"

    // Create a session and fill it with our request
    let session = NSURLSession.sharedSession()
    let request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: NSURL(string: mailgunAPIPath! + "from=FBOGo%20Reservation%20%3Cscheduler@<my domain>.com%3E&to=reservations@<my domain>.com&to=\(emailRecipient)&subject=A%20New%20Reservation%21&text=\(emailMessage)")!)

    // POST and report back with any errors and response codes
    request.HTTPMethod = "POST"
    let task = session.dataTaskWithRequest(request, completionHandler: {(data, response, error) in
        if let error = error {
            print(error)
        }

        if let response = response {
            print("url = \(response.URL!)")
            print("response = \(response)")
            let httpResponse = response as! NSHTTPURLResponse
            print("response code = \(httpResponse.statusCode)")
        }
    })
    task.resume()
}

Mailgun Path在Keys.plist中作为名为mailgunAPIPath的字符串，其值为：

https://API:key-<my key>@api.mailgun.net/v3/<my domain>.com/messages?

希望这有助于为试图避免使用第三方代码发送POST请求的人提供解决方案！

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