所以我在尝试更新外键模型的字段时遇到了麻烦。我正在尝试通过另一个模型的方法更新该字段,但它似乎没有正常工作,因为我在运行tests.py时得到的值不正确。我正在尝试更新“total_purchased”的值。这是我实际上要完成的一个例子:
我正在使用Django 1.6.4
如果问题太长而无法总结,是否允许以下两行?我是在django类模型方法中做到的:
Ex: Model.ForeignKeyModel.field = some_value
Model.ForeignKeyModel.save()
使用以下3种型号:
class Meal (models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
total_purchased = models.IntegerField(default=0, validators=[MaxValueValidator(capacity)])
capacity = models.IntegerField(default=500)
class Item (models.Model):
cart = models.ForeignKey(Cart)
meal = models.ForeignKey(Meal)
quantity = models.IntegerField(validators=[MinValueValidator(0)], default=0)
class Cart (models.Model):
delivery = models.ForeignKey(DeliveryInfo)
subscription = models.BooleanField(default=False)
customer = models.ForeignKey(User)
def add(self, meal, quantity):
""" Dual Add/Remove from cart method, (quantity replaces current quantity) """
item = Item.objects.get_or_create(cart=self, meal=meal)[0]
remaining_capacity = item.meal.capacity - item.meal.total_purchased
# Meal exists on our cart, so proceed with adding or removing
if quantity <= remaining_capacity:
if quantity == 0:
# Add back whatever quantity the user didn't buy
item.meal.total_purchased = 0
item.meal.save()
# Remove entire item from cart (quantity = 0)
item.delete()
elif quantity == item.quantity:
# Do nothing if cart quantity equals current quantity
pass
else:
if quantity < item.quantity:
# Decrement total purchased
item.meal.total_purchased -= (item.quantity - quantity)
item.meal.save()
else:
# Increment total_purchased by the quantity we're adding to the cart
item.meal.total_purchased += (quantity - item.quantity)
item.meal.save()
# Update the Cart
item.quantity = quantity
item.save()
remaining_capacity = item.meal.capacity - item.meal.total_purchased
else:
exceeded = abs(remaining_capacity - quantity)
raise ValidationError("Your cart exceeds the total remaining quantity by {0}!".format(exceeded))
更新后,它第一次工作,但似乎忽略了下一个添加到购物车方法调用,我最终在我的tests.py中得到以下内容: self.assertEqual(item.total_purchased,2) 断言错误:1!= 2
我不确定是不是因为购物车更新发生在tests.py中,或者我是以某种方式错误地保存数据。任何帮助将不胜感激,谢谢。
这里要求的是我的tests.py,我正在运行测试:
customer = User.objects.filter(pk=1)[0]
delivery_info = DeliveryInfo.objects.filter(owner=customer)[0]
cart_order = CartOrder.objects.create(owner=customer, delivery=delivery_info, subscription=False)
# Query the meal_items
curry_item = Meal.objects.get(pk=1)
burger_item = Meal.objects.get(pk=2)
# Add some meal items to our cart, the cart_order add method creates Items
cart_order.add(curry_item, 2)
cart_order.add(burger_item, 1)
self.assertEqual(burger_item.total_purchased, 1)
# Removing one item from the cart
cart_order.add(curry_item, 1)
# Doing nothing to the cart
cart_order.add(curry_item, 1)
**这是无法正确更新值的地方:**
# Adding an item to the cart
cart_order.add(burger_item, 2)
self.assertEqual(burger_item.total_purchased, 2)
答案 0 :(得分:3)
这种情况正在发生,因为您使用的模型实例未更新
第一次拨打get_or_create
时,它会创建Item
并使用Meal
中的meal=meal
,而第二次获取Item
并且不使用Meal
meal
的实例。
由于您已将item.meal
的实例作为参数,因此可以将meal
替换为burger_item
,您应该会看到所需的结果。或者,您可以在添加后重新加载Meal
或任何一餐。
你真的应该考虑使用F()表达式来增加,因为它们只在数据库端执行,并且可以帮助防止竞争条件。请注意,使用F()表达式会要求您重新加载# Update the Cart
item.quantity = quantity
item.save()
以查看其新值。
旁注,请注意
quantity == 0
在Item
的情况下被调用并删除Item
,因为这会重新创建{{1}}。