如何在OSX 10.9.3上安装命令行工具？

Question

我找到了这个命令：xcode-select --install。但如果我运行它，我会得到：

Usage: xcode-select -print-path
   or: xcode-select -switch <xcode_folder_path>
   or: xcode-select -version
Arguments:
   -print-path                     Prints the path of the current Xcode folder
   -switch <xcode_folder_path>     Sets the path for the current Xcode folder
   -version                        Prints xcode-select version information

不是安装过程。 XCode是5.1.1。

如果我在XCode中打开首选项，似乎一切都已安装。

我试图下载＆＃34;命令行工具＆＃34;来自https://developer.apple.com/downloads/index.action#，来自四月，三月和十月的Mountain Lion软件包，但是当我运行它们时，我收到了以下错误消息： 所以目前，我还不知道如何安装它。

问题是，当我在Rails应用程序中运行bundle update时，收到错误消息

You have to install development tools first.

现在怎么办？

编辑：我设法从包中安装命令行工具，但是当我运行gem安装时，错误仍然是相同的：

You have to install development tools first.

我测试了命令行工具是否安装如下：

xcode-select -print-path
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer

xcode-select -version
xcode-select version 2003.

sudo xcode-select -switch /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer

但这应该意味着它已经安装了，对吧？但是当我尝试安装gem时，我仍然认为缺少你必须首先安装开发工具。

** EDIT2：当我运行brew医生时，我得到了这个（我猜可能有联系）：

Warning: Setting DYLD_* vars can break dynamic linking.
Set variables:
    DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH

Warning: You have an outdated version of /usr/bin/install_name_tool installed.
This will cause binary package installations to fail.
This can happen if you install osx-gcc-installer or RailsInstaller.
To restore it, you must reinstall OS X or restore the binary from
the OS packages.

Warning: "config" scripts exist outside your system or Homebrew directories.
`./configure` scripts often look for *-config scripts to determine if
software packages are installed, and what additional flags to use when
compiling and linking.

Having additional scripts in your path can confuse software installed via
Homebrew if the config script overrides a system or Homebrew provided
script of the same name. We found the following "config" scripts:

    /opt/ImageMagick/bin/Magick++-config
    /opt/ImageMagick/bin/Magick-config
    /opt/ImageMagick/bin/MagickCore-config
    /opt/ImageMagick/bin/MagickWand-config
    /opt/ImageMagick/bin/Wand-config

Warning: Your XQuartz (2.7.4) is outdated
Please install XQuartz 2.7.6:
  https://xquartz.macosforge.org

Warning: You seem to have osx-gcc-installer installed.
Homebrew doesn't support osx-gcc-installer. It causes many builds to fail and
is an unlicensed distribution of really old Xcode files.
Please run `xcode-select --install` to install the CLT.

Warning: Unbrewed dylibs were found in /usr/local/lib.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected dylibs:
    /usr/local/lib/libMagickCore-6.Q8.1.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libMagickWand-6.Q8.1.dylib

Warning: Unbrewed .la files were found in /usr/local/lib.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected .la files:
    /usr/local/lib/libMagickCore-6.Q8.la
    /usr/local/lib/libMagickWand-6.Q8.la

Warning: Unbrewed .pc files were found in /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected .pc files:
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/ImageMagick-6.Q8.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/ImageMagick.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/MagickCore-6.Q8.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/MagickCore.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/MagickWand-6.Q8.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/MagickWand.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/Wand-6.Q8.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/Wand.pc

Warning: You have unlinked kegs in your Cellar
Leaving kegs unlinked can lead to build-trouble and cause brews that depend on
those kegs to fail to run properly once built. Run `brew link` on these:

    libpng

Answer 1

如果您安装了开发工具并选择了正确的版本，但仍然出现错误，您可以尝试按照以下步骤修复它：

1. 从App Store下载OS X（对我来说，它位于/Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Yosemite.app）。
2. 打开 InstallESD.dmg 图片：open /Applications/Install\ OS\ X\ Yosemite.app/Contents/SharedSupport/InstallESD.dmg。
3. 在 Packages 文件夹中查找 Essentials.pkg 。
4. 运行 Essentials 安装。

警告：请注意重新安装部分操作系统可能会破坏它并且我不对此负责，所以在您乱砍之前进行备份:-) !!!

或者，您可以购买软件（例如AnyToIso或Pacifist）并仅提取所需文件。

更新：可以在Clinic's GitHub repo上找到解压缩的文件。