C ++动态数组,增加容量

时间:2014-06-19 15:26:40

标签: c++ arrays dynamic capacity

我正在尝试实现动态数组,这是我增加容量的功能

int* changeCapacity(int *arr, int length, int newCapacity) {
    int *newArr = new int[newCapacity];

    if(length > newCapacity){
        return 0;
    } else {
        for(int i = 0; i < length; i++){
            newArr[i] = arr[i];
        }
        delete[] arr;
        arr = newArr;
        return arr;
    }
}

这是我得到的错误:

  

speicher(2465,0x7fff7cfc2310)malloc: *对象0x7f9742403910的错误:未释放指针被释放   * 在malloc_error_break中设置断点以进行调试

我这样称呼它:

int* addElement(int *arr, int& length, int& capacity, int val){
if(length >= capacity){
    capacity = capacity * 2;
    changeCapacity(arr, length, capacity);

    arr[length] = val;
    length += 1;
    return arr;
}else{

    arr[length] = val;
    length += 1;
    return arr;
}

}

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

我认为你的问题必须来自两件事IMO

<强>第一

changeCapacity(arr, length, capacity);
arr[length] = val;

此处您没有获得新的 arr 值(由 changeCapacity()返回)。 因此,您的函数 addElement()将返回错误的指针,并返回下一个 addElement(),这将导致内存损坏。

为什么必须获得新的arr值?

你做的和这里一样

a = 1;
changeVar(a);
// value of a here?

int changeVar(int a)
{
   a = 5;
   return (a);
}

a 的价值如何? 1因为changeVar的参数是局部变量。

<强>第二

您在 addElement()函数中提供 NULL 值。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

现在您正在更改arr的地址,您必须通过引用传递指针。这样做:

int* changeCapacity(int *&arr, int length, int newCapacity)

答案 2 :(得分:0)

根据错误消息,这有点猜测,但您已经显示:

int* addElement(int *arr, int& length, int& capacity, int val)
{ //...
  changeCapacity(arr, length, capacity);
  //...
}

调用:

int* changeCapacity(int *arr, int length, int newCapacity)
{ //...
  delete[] arr;
  //...
}

但是,鉴于您目前发布的代码,arr addElement()参数的原始来源未知。你是不是偶然做过这样的事情:

foo()
{ int array[N];
  //...
  addElement(array, ...);
  //...
}

或者用全局数组变量调用addElement()?在任何一种情况下,原始数组都不会通过new[]分配以匹配delete[],这似乎是运行时库抱怨的内容。错误消息中指出的指针值往往使我认为它最初是在堆栈上分配的。

当然其他问题,比如没有捕获changeCapacity()和/或addElement()的返回值,以及changeCapacity()可能返回NULL指针的可能性仍然有效,并且应该修复。

答案 3 :(得分:-1)

这是一种更好的方法。对于任何想要学习的人,评论中都能很好地解释一切:

        #include <iostream>
        using namespace std;

        int* changeCapacity(int *arr, int length, int newCapacity);
        int* addElement(int *arr, int& length, int& capacity, int val);

        int main(){
            int length = 0; // no inital elements in array
            int capacity = 1; // initial capacity is one
            int* arr = new int[capacity]; // allocating space for values
            int* temp; // pointer for storing temporary values
            /* loop for adding elements to the array */
            for(int i=0;i<21;i++){
                temp = addElement(arr,length,capacity,i); // adding an element to the array
                if(temp == NULL) { // checks if execution was successful
                    cout<< "NULL returned...\n Exiting Now...";
                    return 0; // exits the program on failure
                }
                arr = temp; // changing the value of arr
            }
            /* loop for printing the array */
            for(int i=0;i<length;i++){
                cout<<arr[i]<<" ";          
            }
            return 0;
        }
        /* function for increasing the capacity of array */
        int* changeCapacity(int *arr, int length, int newCapacity) {
            int *newArr = new int[newCapacity]; // definging a new array

            if(length > newCapacity){ // checking if the length of the array is valid
                cout<< "invalid length of array\n";
                return NULL;
            } else {
                /* loop for transferring values to the new array */
                for(int i = 0; i < length; i++){
                    newArr[i] = arr[i];
                }
                delete[] arr; // deleting the old array (clears the memory of the old array)
                // arr = newArr; removed as this is not needed
                return newArr; // returns the new array
            }
        }

        /* function for adding a new element to the array */
        int* addElement(int *arr, int& length, int& capacity, int val){
        if(length >= capacity){ // checks if the array has space for storing the given value or not
            capacity = capacity * 2; // doubles the capacity of the array
            int* temp = changeCapacity(arr, length, capacity); // changes the size of the array to the new one
            if(temp == NULL){ // checking if a null was returned
                cout<< "Failed to change capacity\n";
                return NULL; // returning  NULL
            }
            arr = temp; // the value of arr was not changed in your code (problem corrected)
            arr[length] = val; // stores the value in the array
            length += 1; // increasing the number of element count of the array
            return arr; // returns the new array
        }else{
            arr[length] = val; // stores the value in the array
            length += 1; // increasing the number of element count of the array
            return arr; // returns the new array
        }
        }