Django Rest Framework中的序列化和反序列化

时间:2014-06-18 11:17:18

标签: django django-rest-framework

作为Django REST Framework的新手,我在ModelSerializer中给出了主键的反序列化问题。 例如,我有2个扩展ModelSerializer的序列化器:

class CourierSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Courier
        fields = (
            "first_name",
            "last_name",
            "phone"
        )

class OrderSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    courier = CourierSerializer()

    class Meta:
        model = Order
        fields = (
            "number",
            "courier"
        )

我的基于类的视图如下所示:

class OrderList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
    model = Order
    serializer_class = OrderSerializer

现在,当我将Order模型序列化为JSON时,我得到了我想要的东西 - 对象“Order”,其中包含有关它的“Courier”的详细嵌套信息:

[
    {
        id: 1,
        number: "000231",
        courier: {
            id: 2,
            first_name: "John",
            last_name: "Smith",
            phone: "12345678"
        }
    },
    ...
]

但是在客户端的POST调用中,我想只接收Courier的外键:

{
    id: 1,
    number: "000231",
    courier: 2
}

我应该在OrderSerializer类中添加什么来将这种JSON反序列化为Order模型?我应该写restore_object()吗?或者我应该编写额外的序列化程序来反序列化?如何使用我的(generics.ListCreateAPIView)视图,我可以使用两个单独的序列化器(一个用于列表,一个用于帖子)用于此目的吗?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

您可以向Courier添加带主键的其他序列化程序:

class OrderSerializerForPost(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    courier = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField()

    class Meta:
        model = Order
        fields = (
            "number",
            "courier"
        )

然后用你的压倒性的帖子mehtod ...

class OrderList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):

    model = Order
    serializer_class = OrderSerializer

    def post(self, request):
        self.serializer_class = OrderSerializerForPost
        super(OrderList, self).post(request)

或者您可以尝试重新定义get_serializer_class方法:

class OrderList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):

    model = Order
    serializer_class = OrderSerializer

    def get_serializer_class(self):
        if self.request.method == 'GET':
            return self.serializer_class
        elif self.request.method == 'POST':
            return OrderSerializerForPost