Question

我正在玩Python并试图解析网页，以便在亚马逊消防电视上自动完成我的足球观看过程。

我制作了以下代码来按网址阅读HTML页面：

from httplib import BadStatusLine
import urllib2
import logging

htmlWorker = html_worker.HtmlWorkerLiveFootball()
htmlWorker.get_list_of_matches(htmlWorker.URL)

class HtmlWorkerLiveFootball:
    URL = 'http://livefootball.ws/'

    def get_list_of_matches(self, url):
        opener = urllib2.OpenerDirector()
        for handler in [urllib2.HTTPHandler, urllib2.HTTPDefaultErrorHandler, HTTPMethodFallback, HEADRedirectHandler,
                        urllib2.HTTPErrorProcessor, urllib2.HTTPSHandler]:
            opener.add_handler(handler())

        opener.addheaders = [('User-agent',
                              'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/35.0.1916.114 Safari/537.36'
                             )]

        urllib2.install_opener(opener)
        try:
            logging.warning("request = %s" % opener.addheaders)
            page = urllib2.urlopen(url)
            logging.warning("result = %s" % page.read())
        except urllib2.HTTPError, error:
            logging.error("error code = %d" % error.code)
        except BadStatusLine:
            logging.error("could not fetch %s" % url)


class HeadRequest(urllib2.Request):
    def get_method(self):
        return "HEAD"


class HEADRedirectHandler(urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler):
    def redirect_request(self, req, fp, code, msg, headers, newurl):
        if code in (301, 302, 303, 307):
            logging.warning("redirect_request = %d" % code)
            newurl = newurl.replace(' ', '%20')
            logging.warning("new url = %s" % newurl)
            logging.warning("headers = %s" % headers)
            newheaders = dict((k, v) for k, v in req.headers.items()
                              if k.lower() not in ("content-length", "content-type"))
            logging.debug("newheaders = %s" % newheaders)
            request = HeadRequest(newurl, headers=newheaders, origin_req_host=req.get_origin_req_host(),
                                  unverifiable=True)
            request.add_header('User-agent',
                               'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/35.0.1916.114 Safari/537.36')
            request.add_header('Cookie', headers.dict['set-cookie'])
            request.add_header('Host', "livefootball.ws")
            request.add_header('Accept-Encoding', "gzip,deflate,sdch")
            request.add_header('Accept', "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8")
            request.add_header('Cache-Control', "max-age=0")
            request.add_header('Accept-Language', "en-US,en;q=0.8,ru;q=0.6")
            logging.warning("request = %s" % request.headers)
            return request
        else:
            raise urllib2.HTTPError(req.get_full_url(), code, msg, headers, fp)


class HTTPMethodFallback(urllib2.BaseHandler):
    def http_error_405(self, req, fp, code, msg, headers):
        logging.warning("http_error_405. Headers = %s" % headers)
        fp.read()
        fp.close()

        newheaders = dict((k, v) for k, v in req.headers.items()
                          if k.lower() not in ("content-length", "content-type"))
        return self.parent.open(urllib2.Request(req.get_full_url(),
                                                headers=newheaders,
                                                origin_req_host=req.get_origin_req_host(),
                                                unverifiable=True))

它适用于互联网上的大量网站，但不幸的是看起来像我需要尝试避免DDOS攻击的网站与一些不熟悉的机制（重定向+一些饼干的东西）。我试图模仿浏览器行为，但最后有空字符串。

执行此代码后，我在此处记录：

WARNING:root:request = [('User-agent', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/35.0.1916.114 Safari/537.36')]
WARNING:root:redirect_request = 307
WARNING:root:new url = http://livefootball.ws/?dos=1
WARNING:root:headers = Server: nginx
Date: Sun, 15 Jun 2014 14:11:03 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 180
Connection: close
Set-Cookie: antid=6abeccafd9ac44951b4acc7f642649b7; path=/
Location: http://livefootball.ws/?dos=1

WARNING:root:request = {'Accept-language': 'en-US,en;q=0.8,ru;q=0.6', 'Accept-encoding': 'gzip,deflate,sdch', 'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8', 'User-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/35.0.1916.114 Safari/537.36', 'Host': 'livefootball.ws', 'Cookie': 'antid=6abeccafd9ac44951b4acc7f642649b7; path=/', 'Cache-control': 'max-age=0'}
WARNING:root:result =

如何使用python阅读此页面？感谢。

Answer 1

如果您想按网址阅读HTML网页，可以使用requests库代替urllib2。它很容易使用：

import requests

session = requests.Session()
index_url   = 'http://livefootball.ws/'
index_request = session.get(index_url)

#change encoding of the response 
index_request.encoding = 'CP1251'

#print page content
print index_request.text

用Python阅读网页内容

1 个答案: