如何确定Python生成器中的值是否为1-BUT-LAST?

时间:2010-03-10 23:08:04

标签: python generator

由于生成器懒惰地返回值,如何确定从生成器返回的值是否是一个但是最后一个?我在这上面花了一个小时就搞定了。

任何帮助表示赞赏。它甚至可能吗?

谢谢,Boda Cydo!

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:10)

您可以将生成器包装在生成器中,该生成器生成一对对,其第一个元素是布尔值,告诉您元素是否是最后一个:

def ending(generator):
    z2 = generator.next()
    z1 = generator.next()
    for x in generator:
        yield (False, z2)
        z2, z1 = z1, x
    yield (True, z2)
    yield (False, z1)

让我们在一个简单的迭代器上测试它:

>>> g = iter('abcd')
>>> g
<iterator object at 0x9925b0>

你应该得到:

>>> for is_last_but_one, char in ending(g):
...     if is_last_but_one:
...         print "The last but one is", char
... 
The last but one is c

看看幕后发生了什么:

>>> g = iter('abcd')
>>> for x in ending(g):
...     print x
... 
(False, 'a')
(False, 'b')
(True, 'c')
(False, 'd')

答案 1 :(得分:2)

如果你想在不消耗它的情况下看到迭代器的任意未来值,你可以将迭代器包装在一个'peekable'迭代器中,它可以缓冲未来的值。

import collections

class PeekIter(object):

    def __init__(self, iterable):
        self._iter = iter(iterable)
        self._peekbuf = collections.deque()

    def next(self):
        if self._peekbuf:
            return self._peekbuf.popleft()
        else:
            return self._iter.next()

    def peek(self, future=0, default=None):
        try:
            while len(self._peekbuf) <= future:
                self._peekbuf.append(self._iter.next())
            return self._peekbuf[future]
        except StopIteration:
            return default

然后,您可以在不消耗它们的情况下查看未来的值。

>>> p = PeekIter(range(3))
>>> p.peek()
0
>>> p.next()
0
>>> p.peek(0)
1
>>> p.peek(0)
1
>>> p.peek(1)
2
>>> p.peek(2)
>>> sentinel = object()
>>> sentinel
<object object at 0x28470>
>>> p.peek(1, sentinel)
2
>>> p.peek(2, sentinel)
<object object at 0x28470>

答案 2 :(得分:1)

基于itertools的解决方案

from itertools import tee, islice, repeat, chain, izip


def gen_with_offset(gen, offset):
    gen1, gen2 = tee(gen)
    gen2 = (False for x in gen2)
    gen2 = chain(islice(gen2, offset, None), [True], repeat(False))
    for g, sentinel in izip(gen1, gen2):
        yield g, sentinel 


Usage:
>>> gex = iter('abcedefg')
>>> for p in gen_with_offset(gex, 4):
...     print p
...
('a', False)
('b', False)
('c', False)
('e', False)
('d', True)
('e', False)
('f', False)
('g', False)
>>>