我想创建一个可执行的war / jar，如tomcat7-maven-plugin文档中所述：http://tomcat.apache.org/maven-plugin-2.2/executable-war-jar.html
但是我得到了构建失败（NullPointerException）：
[INFO] Error stacktraces are turned on.
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Gothic Mod Manager 0.1.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] >>> tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:exec-war (default-cli) @ gmm >>>
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ gmm ---
[INFO] Using 'ISO-8859-1' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 3 resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ gmm ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ gmm ---
[INFO] Not copying test resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ gmm ---
[INFO] Not compiling test sources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ gmm ---
[INFO] Tests are skipped.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-war-plugin:2.2:war (default-war) @ gmm ---
[INFO] Packaging webapp
[INFO] Assembling webapp [gmm] in [C:\***\GMM\target\gmm-0.1.1-SNAPSHOT]
[INFO] Processing war project
[INFO] Copying webapp resources [C:\***\GMM\src\main\webapp]
[INFO] Webapp assembled in [963 msecs]
[INFO] Building war: C:\***\GMM\target\gmm-0.1.1-SNAPSHOT.war
[INFO] WEB-INF\web.xml already added, skipping
[INFO]
[INFO] --- tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:exec-war-only (executable) @ gmm ---
[INFO]
[INFO] <<< tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:exec-war (default-cli) @ gmm <<<
[INFO]
[INFO] --- tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:exec-war (default-cli) @ gmm ---
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 4.854s
[INFO] Finished at: Mon Jun 09 18:55:09 CEST 2014
[INFO] Final Memory: 30M/223M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.tomcat.maven:tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:exec-war (default-cli) on project gmm: Execution default-cli of goal org.apache.tomcat.maven:tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:exec-war failed. NullPointerException -> [Help 1]
org.apache.maven.lifecycle.LifecycleExecutionException: Failed to execute goal org.apache.tomcat.maven:tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:exec-war (default-cli) on project gmm: Execution default-cli of goal org.apache.tomcat.maven:tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:exec-war failed.
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:224)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:84)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:59)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.singleThreadedBuild(LifecycleStarter.java:183)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:161)
at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:317)
at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:152)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:555)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:214)
at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:158)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:289)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:229)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:415)
at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:356)
at org.codehaus.classworlds.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:46)
Caused by: org.apache.maven.plugin.PluginExecutionException: Execution default-cli of goal org.apache.tomcat.maven:tomcat7-maven-plugin:2.2:exec-war failed.
at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:115)
at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:208)
... 20 more
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
at java.io.FileInputStream.<init>(FileInputStream.java:134)
at org.apache.tomcat.maven.plugin.tomcat7.run.AbstractExecWarMojo.execute(AbstractExecWarMojo.java:301)
at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:106)
... 21 more
[ERROR]
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/PluginExecutionException
目标 tomcat7：deploy ，：重新部署，：取消部署以及使用 tomcat7启动本地嵌入式服务器：运行按预期工作。
与上面链接的文档不同，我只有一个.pom文件，因此我将文档中的部分合并在一起。我的pom现在看起来像这样：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>de.gothic-reloaded-mod</groupId>
<artifactId>gmm</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.1.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Gothic Mod Manager</name>
<url>https://github.com/Katharsas/GMM</url>
<properties>
<org.springframework.version>4.0.4.RELEASE</org.springframework.version>
<org.springframework.security.version>3.2.0.RELEASE</org.springframework.security.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.imgscalr</groupId>
<artifactId>imgscalr-lib</artifactId>
<version>4.2</version>
<type>jar</type>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.thoughtworks.xstream</groupId>
<artifactId>xstream</artifactId>
<version>1.4.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-juli</artifactId>
<version>7.0.52</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.security.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.security.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.security.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-taglibs</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.security.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Apache Commons Upload -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Apache Commons Upload -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<path>/GMM</path>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
<username>admin</username>
<password>**********</password>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>executable</id>
<goals>
<goal>exec-war-only</goal>
<goal>exec-war</goal>
</goals>
<phase>package</phase>
<configuration>
<enableNaming>true</enableNaming>
<warRunDependencies>
<warRunDependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>de.gothic-reloaded-mod</groupId>
<artifactId>gmm</artifactId>
<version>0.1.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<type>war</type>
</dependency>
<contextPath>/</contextPath>
</warRunDependency>
</warRunDependencies>
<extraDependencies>
<extraDependency>
<groupId>org.apache.derby</groupId>
<artifactId>derby</artifactId>
<version>10.1.3.1</version>
</extraDependency>
<extraDependency>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</extraDependency>
</extraDependencies>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<encoding>ISO-8859-1</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
其他信息：我正在使用Eclipse Kepler，我的运行配置如下所示：
tomcat7：exec-war -e
我也尝试过突击行，试过：exec-war-only ，但没有任何效果。
我现在搜索并尝试了不同的事情，所以任何帮助都非常感谢！ ：]
答案 0 :(得分：2)
我对插件的2.2版有类似的问题，但我根据this tutorial使用2.1运行。
答案 1 :(得分：2)
现在有一个版本2.3，其中2.2的问题已得到解决！
（2.1有一些问题因为它太旧了）
可悲的是，它只是一个快照版本，需要从Apache Snapshots Repository中获取。为了得到它你需要将它放入你的pom：
from erl_terms import decode
from os import getuid
from re import sub
from subprocess import check_output
check_command = ['/usr/sbin/rabbitmqctl', '-q', 'status']
if getuid() != 0:
check_command.insert(0, '/usr/bin/sudo')
status = check_output(check_command)
## Join into a single line string then add a period at the end to make it a valid erlang term
status = ''.join(status.splitlines()) + '.'
# Remove any literal \n's since the erlang_version item has one in it
status = sub('(?:\\\\n)+', '', status)
# Decode this into a python object
status = decode(status)
# And now let's find just mem_stat for mgmt_db
for item in status[0]:
if 'memory' in item:
for mem_stat in item[1]:
if 'mgmt_db' in mem_stat:
print mem_stat[1]
然后您可以使用新的version <pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>apache.snapshots</id>
<name>Apache Snapshots</name>
<url>http://repository.apache.org/snapshots</url>
<releases>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
答案 2 :(得分：2)
NPE是因为插件找不到打包的war文件，我通过明确地将package阶段添加到构建中来修复该错误，例如：
mvn clean package tomcat7:exec-war
生成war包的任何阶段都适合避免NPE：打包，安装，部署等。
因此，在您的情况下，您在Eclipse中使用运行配置，只需在package之前添加tomcat7:exec-war -e
答案 3 :(得分：0)
我在Spring Boot应用程序中收到此错误。我不得不花一些时间，所以把它放在这里，下面的插件需要包括在内
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
包装类型也应为jar
<packaging>jar</packaging>
起始班级应定义为您的主要班级
<start-class>com.edu.schoolT.SchoolWeb</start-class>
主类或带有@SpringBootApplication注释的类应扩展SpringBootServletInitializer。有关更多信息... Create a deployable war file
答案 4 :(得分：0)