Question

这里，我有一个代码，从输入的dna链，我产生100个频率为0.66％的突变链。输出最终成为突变碱基的元组，与初始链中的原始碱基配对。函数本身最初起作用，但是一旦我把它放在一个类中，我就会出错：

import random

class DNA_mutant_generator:
    def __init__ (self, dna):
        self.dna = dna
        dna = "GGCTCTCCAACAGgtaagcactgaagggtagaaggcatcgtctgtctcagacatgtctggcaccatccgctaagacattaccacgtgggtctcgagtatagctaacacccttctgtttggcagCTTACAGGAGCGAACGTTGG"

    def mutate(mutation_rate=0.0066):
        result = []
        mutations = []
        for base in dna:
            if random.random() < mutation_rate:
                new_base = bases[bases.index(base) - random.randint(1, 3)] # negatives are OK
                result.append(new_base)
                mutations.append((base, new_base))#appends the original base, as well as the new mutated base to a list of tuples
            else:
                result.append(base)
        return "".join(result), mutations

        for result_string, mutations in results:
            if mutations: # skip writing out unmutated strings
                print(result_string, mutations)    

results = [DNA_mutant_generator.mutate(dna) for _ in range(100)]


dna_mutants = DNA_mutant_generator()
dna_mutants.mutate()

错误如下所示：

results = [DNA_mutant_generator.mutate(dna) for _ in range(100)]
NameError: global name 'dna' is not defined

但我确实定义了什么＆＃34; dna＆＃34;在 init 。有人可以解释为什么我没有得到适当的输入吗？

编辑：随着更改，我收到此错误：

new_base = bases[bases.index(base) - random.randint(1, 3)]     # negatives are OK
               NameError: global name 'bases' is not defined

编辑2：

我将代码更改为：。

import random

class DNA_mutant_generator:
    def __init__ (self, dna):
        self.dna = dna
        self.bases = bases

    def mutate(mutation_rate=0.0066):
        result = []
        mutations = []
        for base in self.dna:
            if random.random() < mutation_rate:
                new_base = bases[bases.index(base) - random.randint(1, 3)] # negatives are OK
                result.append(new_base)
                mutations.append((base, new_base))#appends the original base, as well as the new mutated base to a list of tuples
            else:
                result.append(base)
        return "".join(result), mutations

        for result_string, mutations in results:
            if mutations: # skip writing out unmutated strings
                print(result_string, mutations)    
bases = "ACTG"
dna = "GGCTCTCCAACAGgtaagcactgaagggtagaaggcatcgtctgtctcagacatgtctggcaccatccgctaagacattaccacgtgggtctcgagtatagctaacacccttctgtttggcagCTTACAGGAGCGAACGTTGG"
dna_mutants = DNA_mutant_generator(dna)
dna_mutants.mutate()
results = [DNA_mutants.mutate() for _ in range(100)]

我得到的错误是这样的：

    for base in self.dna:
NameError: global name 'self' is not defined

Answer 1

你的代码有很多错误，很难知道从哪里开始：

__init__的最后一行没有做任何事情;
mutate方法：
1. 缺少self参数;
2. 尝试访问您从未定义的bases;
3. 在return之后有孤立的代码 - 当你返回时方法结束，所以在 return语句之后的任何代码永远不会运行 *;和
4. 不使用self.att dna（因此NameError）;
在尝试创建DNA_mutant_generator时，您没有创建results实例，而是尝试在类上调用实例方法 - 并将dna传递给错误的内容;和
最后两行确实尝试创建一个实例，但又没有通过dna。

尝试：

import random

class DNA_mutant_generator:

    BASES = "ACGT" # access via 'self.BASES'

    def __init__ (self, dna):
        self.dna = dna

    def mutate(self, mutation_rate=0.0066):
        result = []
        mutations = []
        for base in self.dna:
            ...
        return "".join(result), mutations


dna = "GGCTCTCCAACAG..."
mutant_gen = DNA_mutant_generator(dna)
results = [mutant_gen.mutate() for _ in range(100)]

您确实需要查看Python tutorial on classes。

* 在你的情况下，这可能也是一样，因为由于不清楚的原因，有问题的行尝试在实际创建它之前迭代results。

随机生成器函数中的名称错误

1 个答案: