Question

我正在尝试配置JUnit并为Spring 3.2 MVC应用程序的Service层编写测试用例。我无法找到有关如何从头开始配置JUnit并使其适用于Spring服务层的更多信息。这是我的问题

我真的不知道要使用什么版本的junit所以我只是抓住了最新版本

Maven junit dependancy

 <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.11</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

我的服务类

@Service
public class AuthService implements IAuthService, ApplicationContextAware,
        org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener<org.springframework.context.event.ContextRefreshedEvent> {

public Collection<? extends String> addCommandPermissions(Session session, CommandMetadata command) {

    Set<String> result = new HashSet<String>();
    String commandName = command.getBeanName();
    String defaultAdministerPermission = command.getAdministerPermission()
    String defaultExecutePermission = command.getExecutePermission()
    String overrideAdminPermission = null;
    String overrideExecPermission = null;
    String finalAdministerPermission = overrideAdminPermission == null ? defaultAdministerPermission
            : overrideAdminPermission;
    command.setAdministerPermission(finalAdministerPermission);
    result.add(finalAdministerPermission);
    String finalFxecutePermission = overrideExecPermission == null ? defaultExecutePermission
            : overrideExecPermission;
    command.setExecutePermission(finalFxecutePermission);
    result.add(finalFxecutePermission);
    try {
        session.saveOrUpdate(command);
        session.flush();
    } finally {
        // TODO - more swallowed exceptions.
    }
    return result;
}

// some other methods
}

我的测试类（部分使用groovy）

import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpSession;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import com.dc.core.security.service.impl.AuthService
import com.dc.core.behavior.command.model.impl.CommandMetadata;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory
import org.hibernate.classic.Session

@ContextConfiguration(locations = "file:WebContent/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml")
public class AuthServiceTest extends TestCase {

    @Autowired
    private AuthService authService;

    @Autowired
    private MockHttpSession mockHttpSession;

    @Autowired
    ApplicationContext appContext

    @Autowired
    SessionFactory sessionFactory

    private Session mockHibernateSession = Mockito.mock(org.hibernate.classic.Session.class);

    private CommandMetadata commandMetadata = new CommandMetadata();

    public void setUp() {
       appContext.getBeanFactory().registerScope("request", new RequestScope())
       MockHttpServletRequest request = new MockHttpServletRequest()

        ServletRequestAttributes attributes = new ServletRequestAttributes(request)
        RequestContextHolder.setRequestAttributes(attributes)
        CurrentRequestProperties currentRequestProperties = appContext.getBean("currentRequestProperties")
        session = sessionHandler.initiateSession(sessionFactory, currentRequestProperties)


    }

    public void testAddCommandPermissions() {
        commandMetadata.beanName = "TestBean"
        commandMetadata.administerPermission = "TestBean.administer"
        commandMetadata.executePermission = "TestBean.execute"
        Collection<String> results = authorizationService.addCommandPermissions(session, commandMetadata);
        assertTrue(results.contains("TestBean.administer"))
    }

    public void testCanary() {
        assertTrue(true);
    }
}

当我运行我的测试用例时，我收到以下错误 java.lang.NullPointerException：无法在null对象上调用方法getBeanFactory（）

我认为问题的原因是appContext没有正确注入，因此我得到了NPE。但我无法解决这个问题。我真的很感谢有人帮助你

Answer 1

添加Spring JUnit类运行器。您还应该使用@Test注释而不是扩展TestCase。

e.g。

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})

Answer 2

这就是我创建我的ServiceTest希望这将对你有所帮助

只是想添加一些想法，我不确定这是否是最佳做法，如果错误的话，请纠正我。

的 MYPROJECT
- 的 SRC
--hibernate.cfg.xml
- 的测试
--TestPackage
--- BaseServiceTest.class
--- BlogspotServiceTest.class
- 网络
--Web-INF
--- BlogSpot的-的servlet-的test.xml
--- jdbc-test.properties

就我而言，我使用blogspot-servlet-test.xml来调用或创建所需的数据源和其他配置。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd">  <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer" p:location="file:web/WEB-INF/jdbc-test.properties"/> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close" p:driverClassName="${jdbc.driverClassName}" p:url="${jdbc.databaseurl}" p:username="${jdbc.username}" p:password="${jdbc.password}"/> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"/> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${jdbc.dialect}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> </props> </property> </bean>  <bean id="blogspotDAO" class="package.BlogspotDAOImpl"/>  <bean id="blogspotService" class="package.BlogspotServiceImpl"/> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> </beans>

我的jdbc-test.properties文件

jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect jdbc.databaseurl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:port/dbschemaname jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=

对于hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd//hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <mapping class="somePackage.entity.Author"/>  </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>

我为我创建了BaseClass以减少创建多个@SpringApplicationContext注释，它还用于创建测试其他测试类所需的通用配置，您只需要扩展它。

@SpringApplicationContext({"file:web/WEB-INF/blogspot-servlet-test.xml"}) public class BaseServiceTest extends UnitilsJUnit4 { }

我使用@SpringApplicationContext从我的Spring配置加载我的BaseClass上的数据源和其他bean配置，这就是我实现它的方法。

下方：见Spring-Unitils Tutorial 了解更多详情

public class BlogspotServiceTest extends BaseServiceTest{ @Mock //mock this object @InjectInto(property = "blogspotDAO") //inject the dao to the test object @SpringBean("blogspotDAO") //it is most likely @Autowired annotation private BlogspotDAO blogspotDAOMock; @TestedObject //annotate that this object is for test @SpringBean("blogspotService") private BlogspotService blogspotServiceMock; @Test public void testAddBlogSpot() { assertNotNull("BlogspotService Not null",blogspotServiceMock); //test if blogspotServiceMock is not null } }

注意：请在TestPackage中创建unitils.properties和unitils-local.properties以便能够运行该程序。

对于@SpringBean说明和其他注释，请阅读：

Unitils-EasyMock

Spring Service Layer的JUnit测试用例

2 个答案: