Question

我有这段代码

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main(int argc,char **argv) {

    unsigned long long num1 = 99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999995LL;
    unsigned long long num2 = 99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999996LL;
    unsigned long long num3 = 99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999997LL;
    unsigned long long num4 = 99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999998LL;
    unsigned long long num5 = 99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999LL;

    cout << (unsigned long long)(num1 * num2 * num3 * num4 * num5) << endl;
    return 0;
}

正如你所看到的数字是巨大的，但是当我在那里进行数学计算时，我得到了这个： 18446744073709551496

在编译时我收到这些警告：

warning: integer constant is too large for its type|
In function `int main(int, char**)':|
warning: this decimal constant is unsigned only in ISO C90|
...

Answer 1

您的结果大于long long类型 - 您需要查看BigInteger或任意精度库，例如gmp

Answer 2

这些数字不适合任何C ++数据类型。如果您只想打印它们，请将数字存储在字符串中。如果你想对它进行数学运算，找一个任意精度的数学库并使用它。

Answer 3

如果你想在你的代码中使用这么大的文字，你必须将它们作为字符串文字输入并将它们加载到某种类型的BigInt类中。现在没有办法表达源代码中那么大的整数文字（虽然C ++ 0x有望解决这个不足）。

如果您正在使用BigInteger库，请查看stringToBigUnsigned中的BigIntegerUtils.hh函数，以便从字符串构建一个大整数。

#include "BigUnsigned.hh"
#include "BigIntegerUtils.hh"     

 BigUnsigned  num1 = stringToBigUnsigned (
    "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
    "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
    "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
    "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
    "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
    "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
    "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
    "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
    "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
    "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
    "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
    "99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999"
    "99999999999999999999999999999999999995"
    );

Answer 4

你得到的答案，18446744073709551496，是由于你的999 ... 9s被分配到一个很长的长，加上多个操作溢出。它具有确定性，但实际上只是随机的比特集合。

Answer 5

unsigned int表示系统字。今天，根据您的系统是32位还是64位，该字最大值为2 ^ 32 -1或2 ^ 64 - 1。你正在上限。

你必须写一个bignum类或使用'net。

你为什么要这样做？

Answer 6

这些数字不能放在unsigned long long范围内，所以要么你可以使用GMP库，要么使用字符串代表大数字，就像我用来计算50的数字阶乘一样：

http://codepad.org/bkWNV0JC

#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
  unsigned int nd, nz;   
  unsigned char *ca;   
  unsigned int j, n=50, q, temp;
  int i;
  double p;
    p = 0.0;
    for(j = 2; j <= n; j++)
    {
      p += log10((double)j);  
    }
    nd = (int)p + 1;

    ca = new unsigned char[nd+1];
    if (!ca)
    {
      cout << "Could not allocate memory!!!";
      exit(0);
    }
    for (i = 1; (unsigned)i < nd; i++)
    {
      ca[i] = 0;
    }
    ca[0] = 1;

    p = 0.0;
    for (j = 2; j <= n; j++)
    {
      p += log10((double)j);   
      nz = (int)p + 1;        
      q = 0;                  
      for (i = 0;(unsigned) i <= nz; i++)
      {
        temp = (ca[i] * j) + q;
        q = (temp / 10);
        ca[i] = (char)(temp % 10);
      }
    }

    cout << "\nThe Factorial of " << n << " is: ";
    for( i = nd - 1; i >= 0; i--)
    {
      cout << (int)ca[i];
    }
  //  delete []ca;    
  return 0;
}

Answer 7

如果可以使用Boost，可以尝试cpp_int。它可能比GMP慢一点，但它是仅标头的库。

#include <boost/multiprecision/cpp_int.hpp>
#include <iostream>

int main()
{
   using namespace boost::multiprecision;
// Repeat at arbitrary precision:
   cpp_int u = 1;
   for(unsigned i = 1; i <= 100; ++i)
      u *= i;

   // prints 93326215443944152681699238856266700490715968264381621468592963895217599993229915608941463976156518286253697920827223758251185210916864000000000000000000000000 (i.e. 100!)
   std::cout << u << std::endl;

   return 0;
}

如何在C ++中打印真正的大数字

8 个答案: