我是模板的新手,所以我决定为我正在编写的一些并发代码编写单元测试,但我似乎无法让它们编译。具体错误是:
error C2664: 'std::thread::thread(const std::thread &)' : cannot convert argument 1 from 'void (__cdecl *)(lock &)' to 'void (__cdecl &)(Utility_UnitTests::emptyLock &)'
1> None of the functions with this name in scope match the target type
1> w:\code dumpster\utility_unittests\utspinlock.cpp(88) : see reference to function template instantiation 'void Utility_UnitTests::UTSpinLock::lockContension<Utility_UnitTests::emptyLock>(lock &)' being compiled
1> with
1> [
1> lock=Utility_UnitTests::emptyLock
1> ]
编译器的问题非常清楚,我没有传递正确的类型,但我不知道如何解决它!提前谢谢!
编辑:我忘了提及,我使用的是Visual Studio 2013using namespace Microsoft::VisualStudio::CppUnitTestFramework;
namespace Utility_UnitTests
{
typedef utils::threading::SpinLock<utils::threading::backoff::empty> emptyLock;
typedef utils::threading::SpinLock<utils::threading::backoff::yield> yieldingLock;
typedef utils::threading::SpinLock<utils::threading::backoff::pause> pausingLock;
TEST_CLASS(UTSpinLock)
{
public:
template<typename lock>
void lockAndSleepT(lock &l)
{
l.lock();
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::nanoseconds(10));
l.unlock();
}
template<typename lock>
void lockContension(lock &l)
{
std::thread t1(&UTSpinLock::lockAndSleepT<lock>, this, std::ref(l));
Assert::AreEqual(true, l.isLocked());
t1.join();
Assert::AreEqual(false, l.isLocked());
}
TEST_METHOD(testLockContension)
{
UTSpinLock::lockContension(m_emptySpin);
UTSpinLock::lockContension(m_yieldingSpin);
UTSpinLock::lockContension(m_pausingSpin);
}
private:
emptyLock m_emptySpin;
yieldingLock m_yieldingSpin;
pausingLock m_pausingSpin;
};
}
答案 0 :(得分:2)
首先,这肯定是MSVC实现中的一个错误。当std::thread
的第一个参数是指向成员函数模板的指针时,似乎遇到了麻烦。在我的机器上,64位编译器产生相同的错误消息,而32位编译器崩溃。值得庆幸的是,您可以通过多种方式解决这个问题,所有这些都不会直接将指向成员函数模板的指针传递给thread
。
选项1 - 正如您所发现的那样,创建bind
表达式并将其传递给thread
。
选项2 - 重写类以使其成为模板,而成员函数则不是。
template<typename lock>
struct UTSpinLock
{
public:
void lockAndSleepT(lock &l)
{}
void lockContension(lock &l)
{
std::thread t1(&UTSpinLock::lockAndSleepT, this, std::ref(l));
t1.join();
}
};
选项3 - 保持类定义不变,并将指针包装到std::mem_fn
std::thread t1(std::mem_fn(&UTSpinLock::lockAndSleepT<lock>), this, std::ref(l));
选项4 - 不再对类定义进行更改,这次将lambda表达式传递给thread
std::thread t1([&, this](){ lockAndSleepT(l); });
答案 1 :(得分:1)
特别感谢WhozCraig!我会接受他的回答,但由于某种原因,我不能。对于那些感兴趣的人,我改变了:
template<typename lock>
void lockContension(lock &l)
{
std::thread t1(&UTSpinLock::lockAndSleepT<lock>, this, std::ref(l));
Assert::AreEqual(true, l.isLocked());
t1.join();
Assert::AreEqual(false, l.isLocked());
}
要:
template<typename lock>
void lockContension(lock &l)
{
auto bounded = std::bind(&UTSpinLock::lockAndSleepT<lock>, this, std::placeholders::_1);
std::thread t1(bounded, std::ref(l));
Assert::AreEqual(true, l.isLocked());
t1.join();
Assert::AreEqual(false, l.isLocked());
}