Question

我正在寻找搜索词的每一个出现，例如ddd，在文件中并输出周围环境，如下所示：

FILE.TXT

aaa bbb ccc ddd eee fff
ttt uuu iii eee ddd
ddd
ggg jjj kkk ddd lll

输出

ccc ddd eee
eee ddd
ddd
kkk ddd lll

作为一个起点，我正在使用这段代码

#!/usr/bin/perl -w     
while(<>) { 
    while (/ddd(\d{1,3}))/g) {       
    print "$1\n"
    }  
}

Answer 1

您可以尝试以下操作..它会提供您想要的输出：

while(<>) {
        if(/((?:\w+ )?ddd(?: \w+)?)/) {
                print "$1\n";
        }
}

使用正则表达式：

(         # open the grouping.
(?:\w+ )? # an optional word of at least one char followed by a space.
ddd       #  'ddd'
(?: \w+)? # an optional space followed by a word of at least one char.
)         # close the grouping.

Answer 2

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
while (<>) {
    if (/((?:[a-z]{3} )?ddd(?: [a-z]{3})?)/)
        print "$1\n";
}

Answer 3

while (<>) {  
    chomp;
    my @words = split;
    for my $i (0..$#words) {
        if ($words[$i] eq 'ddd') {
            print join ' ', $i > 0 ? $words[$i-1] : (), $words[$i], $i < $#words ? $words[$i+1] : ();
            print "\n";
        }
    }

}

Answer 4

#!/usr/bin/perl

while (<>) {
    chomp;
    @F = split /\s+/;
    if (/^ddd$/) {print $_."\n";next};
    for ($i=0; $i<=$#F;$i++) {
        if ($F[$i] eq 'ddd') {
            print "$F[$i-1] $F[$i] $F[$i + 1]\n";
        }
    }
}

与匹配一起提取周围的单词

4 个答案: