Question

我正在开发一个项目，我们正在使用Roslyn为我们编译一些模板。现在，当我编译模板时，我在CompileResult.Diagnostics中收到了多个错误。

错误是：

(21,6): error CS0012: The type 'System.Attribute' is defined in an assembly that is not referenced. You must add a reference to assembly 'System.Runtime, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a'.
(21,6): error CS0012: The type 'System.Type' is defined in an assembly that is not referenced. You must add a reference to assembly 'System.Runtime, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a'.

看到这些错误我假设我没有正确添加对System.Runtime程序集的引用。但是，在检查加载的组件后，这似乎是有序的。

private IEnumerable<MetadataReference> GetGlobalReferences()
{
    var assemblies = new [] 
        {
            typeof(System.Object).Assembly,                         //mscorlib
            typeof(System.Composition.ExportAttribute).Assembly,    //System.Composition (MEF)
            typeof(System.CodeDom.Compiler.CodeCompiler).Assembly,  //System.CodeDom.Compiler
        };

    var refs = from a in assemblies
                select new MetadataFileReference(a.Location);

    return refs.ToList();
}

编译本身：

public void Compile(AssemblyFileInfo assemblyInfo)
{
    Parse(assemblyInfo.Files);

    var compilation = CSharpCompilation.Create(assemblyInfo.FilePath, options: new CSharpCompilationOptions(OutputKind.DynamicallyLinkedLibrary))
                        .AddReferences(GetGlobalReferences())
                        .AddSyntaxTrees(assemblyInfo.SourceCodeSyntaxTrees);

    assemblyInfo.CompileResult = compilation.Emit(assemblyInfo.FilePath);
}

我错过了一些明显的东西吗？看起来成功编译的所有先决条件都得到满足，但显然它们不是。

作为参考，这是我正在尝试编译的（混淆的）代码片段：

namespace Project.Rules.Generated
{
    using System;
    using System.Runtime;
    using System.Composition;
    using System.CodeDom.Compiler;

    [Export(typeof(IProject))]
    [GeneratedCode("Project Template Compiler", "1.0")]
    public sealed class ProcessPriorityValue : ProjectConcreteClass
    {
        public override void Execute(ProjectExecutionContext ctx)
        {
            CurrentContext = ctx;
        }
    }
}

修改我的搜索量有点提高了。错误消息中指定的PublicKeyToken与System.Composition程序集的PublicKeyToken匹配。我的猜测是添加所有程序集都可能解决问题。这是正确的，或者至少是解决方案的一部分。通过使用dotPeek，我能够检查不同程序集中存在哪些对象。有了这些知识，我已将GetGlobalReferences()方法更改为：

private IEnumerable<MetadataReference> GetGlobalReferences()
{
    var assemblies = new [] 
        {
            typeof(System.Object).Assembly,                                     //mscorlib
            typeof(System.Composition.ExportAttribute).Assembly,                //System.Composition.AttributeModel
            typeof(System.Composition.Convention.ConventionBuilder).Assembly,   //System.Composition.Convention
            typeof(System.Composition.Hosting.CompositionHost).Assembly,        //System.Composition.Hosting
            typeof(System.Composition.CompositionContext).Assembly,             //System.Composition.Runtime
            typeof(System.Composition.CompositionContextExtensions).Assembly,   //System.Composition.TypedParts
            typeof(System.CodeDom.Compiler.CodeCompiler).Assembly,              //System.CodeDom.Compiler
        };

    var refs = from a in assemblies
                select new MetadataFileReference(a.Location);

    return refs.ToList();
}

如您所见，我现在通过指定程序集中存在的对象来添加所有System.Composition程序集。通过添加System.Composition.Runtime，我的编译错误就解决了。

这确实引入了不同的错误。您可以自己查看，System.Composition.Runtime中有一个通用的Export类： public sealed class Export<T> : IDisposable 因此，我现在收到此错误：

(21,6): error CS0404: Cannot apply attribute class 'System.Composition.Export<T>' because it is generic

由于某些原因，代码现在想要使用System.Composition.Runtime.Export<T>而不是System.Composition.AttributeModel程序集中定义的ExportAttribute。

EDIT2

我可以确认上面的代码使用System.Composition.Export<T>而不是ExportAttribute。我通过将[Export(typeof(IProject)]更改为[ExportAttribute(typeof(IProject)]来发现这一点。由于此更改，返回原始错误。看起来没有正确加载/引用程序集System.Composition.AttributeModel，但在检查compilation之后，我可以看到程序集被引用了。

我目前得到的参考组件是：

+       [0] mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKey=00000000000000000400000000000000  Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.AssemblyIdentity
+       [1] System.Composition.AttributedModel, Version=1.0.20.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKey=002400000480000094000000060200000024000052534131000400000100010007d1fa57c4aed9f0a32e84aa0faefd0de9e8fd6aec8f87fb03766c834c99921eb23be79ad9d5dcc1dd9ad236132102900b723cf980957fc4e177108fc607774f29e8320e92ea05ece4e821c0a5efe8f1645c4c0c93c1ab99285d622caa652c1dfad63d745d6f2de5f17e5eaf0fc4963d261c8a12436518206dc093344d5ad293   Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.AssemblyIdentity
+       [2] System.Composition.Convention, Version=1.0.20.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKey=002400000480000094000000060200000024000052534131000400000100010007d1fa57c4aed9f0a32e84aa0faefd0de9e8fd6aec8f87fb03766c834c99921eb23be79ad9d5dcc1dd9ad236132102900b723cf980957fc4e177108fc607774f29e8320e92ea05ece4e821c0a5efe8f1645c4c0c93c1ab99285d622caa652c1dfad63d745d6f2de5f17e5eaf0fc4963d261c8a12436518206dc093344d5ad293    Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.AssemblyIdentity
+       [3] System.Composition.Hosting, Version=1.0.20.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKey=002400000480000094000000060200000024000052534131000400000100010007d1fa57c4aed9f0a32e84aa0faefd0de9e8fd6aec8f87fb03766c834c99921eb23be79ad9d5dcc1dd9ad236132102900b723cf980957fc4e177108fc607774f29e8320e92ea05ece4e821c0a5efe8f1645c4c0c93c1ab99285d622caa652c1dfad63d745d6f2de5f17e5eaf0fc4963d261c8a12436518206dc093344d5ad293   Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.AssemblyIdentity
+       [4] System.Composition.Runtime, Version=1.0.20.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKey=002400000480000094000000060200000024000052534131000400000100010007d1fa57c4aed9f0a32e84aa0faefd0de9e8fd6aec8f87fb03766c834c99921eb23be79ad9d5dcc1dd9ad236132102900b723cf980957fc4e177108fc607774f29e8320e92ea05ece4e821c0a5efe8f1645c4c0c93c1ab99285d622caa652c1dfad63d745d6f2de5f17e5eaf0fc4963d261c8a12436518206dc093344d5ad293   Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.AssemblyIdentity
+       [5] System.Composition.TypedParts, Version=1.0.20.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKey=002400000480000094000000060200000024000052534131000400000100010007d1fa57c4aed9f0a32e84aa0faefd0de9e8fd6aec8f87fb03766c834c99921eb23be79ad9d5dcc1dd9ad236132102900b723cf980957fc4e177108fc607774f29e8320e92ea05ece4e821c0a5efe8f1645c4c0c93c1ab99285d622caa652c1dfad63d745d6f2de5f17e5eaf0fc4963d261c8a12436518206dc093344d5ad293    Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.AssemblyIdentity
+       [6] Microsoft.CSharp, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKey=002400000480000094000000060200000024000052534131000400000100010007d1fa57c4aed9f0a32e84aa0faefd0de9e8fd6aec8f87fb03766c834c99921eb23be79ad9d5dcc1dd9ad236132102900b723cf980957fc4e177108fc607774f29e8320e92ea05ece4e821c0a5efe8f1645c4c0c93c1ab99285d622caa652c1dfad63d745d6f2de5f17e5eaf0fc4963d261c8a12436518206dc093344d5ad293  Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.AssemblyIdentity
+       [7] System, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKey=00000000000000000400000000000000    Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.AssemblyIdentity
+       [8] System.Core, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKey=00000000000000000400000000000000   Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.AssemblyIdentity
+       [9] System.Data, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKey=00000000000000000400000000000000   Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.AssemblyIdentity

Answer 1

您似乎正在引用PortableClassLibrary。可移植类库从＆＃34; System.Runtime.dll＆＃34;中获取一些基本类型（如object / string / etc）。但是，在桌面框架中，这些来自mscorlib.dll。当您使用typeof(object).Assembly时，您将获得Roslyn自己的object版本。由于Roslyn不是构建为可移植类库，而是来自mscorlib，并且不与其他引用的标识相匹配。

Answer 2

根据Dejan在评论部分的要求，我会将答案（对我的问题）作为真实答案发布。

我发现了问题所在！编译器一直都是正确的。 blog post的smack0007触发了我尝试别的东西。不要使用Facade dll，请尝试手动引用必要的dll。 GetGlobalReferences方法现在看起来像这样：

private IEnumerable<MetadataReference> GetGlobalReferences()
{
    var assemblies = new [] 
        {
            /*Making sure all MEF assemblies are loaded*/
            typeof(System.Composition.Convention.AttributedModelProvider).Assembly, //System.Composition.AttributeModel
            typeof(System.Composition.Convention.ConventionBuilder).Assembly,   //System.Composition.Convention
            typeof(System.Composition.Hosting.CompositionHost).Assembly,        //System.Composition.Hosting
            typeof(System.Composition.CompositionContext).Assembly,             //System.Composition.Runtime
            typeof(System.Composition.CompositionContextExtensions).Assembly,   //System.Composition.TypedParts

            /*Used for the GeneratedCode attribute*/
            typeof(System.CodeDom.Compiler.CodeCompiler).Assembly,              //System.CodeDom.Compiler
        };

    var refs = from a in assemblies 
                select new MetadataFileReference(a.Location);
    var returnList = refs.ToList();

    //The location of the .NET assemblies
    var assemblyPath = Path.GetDirectoryName(typeof(object).Assembly.Location);

    /* 
        * Adding some necessary .NET assemblies
        * These assemblies couldn't be loaded correctly via the same construction as above,
        * in specific the System.Runtime.
        */
    returnList.Add(new MetadataFileReference(Path.Combine(assemblyPath, "mscorlib.dll")));
    returnList.Add(new MetadataFileReference(Path.Combine(assemblyPath, "System.dll")));
    returnList.Add(new MetadataFileReference(Path.Combine(assemblyPath, "System.Core.dll")));
    returnList.Add(new MetadataFileReference(Path.Combine(assemblyPath, "System.Runtime.dll")));

    return returnList;
}

在反编译System.Runtime.dll时，我也看到了为什么它不能以任何其他方式被引用。 dll是空的，它只包含对其他程序集的一些引用。因此，不能以任何其他方式引用该组件。

Roslyn没有引用System.Runtime

2 个答案: