Question

我有一个非常具体的问题：我希望能够通过方法调用，在方法调用的一定时间内在屏幕上的给定位置弹出一个带有文本（可能会说什么）的工具提示（比如逻辑是在谈话方法中）淡去。我怎么能这样做？有没有办法通过JTooltip做到这一点？或者我是否需要深入JNA才能得到我想要的东西？

我应该提一下，我希望工具提示在给定位置弹出文本而不用鼠标的提示，就像弹出窗口一样。

此外，如果工具提示不是正确的方式来实现我想要的东西（我希望我明确表示），是否有更有效的替代方案？

Answer 1

实现这一目标的方法很少。一种可能的方法是使用透明的JWindow和Swing Timer

基本上，它的作用是创建JWindow，将其背景颜色设置为完全透明，从而形成透明窗口。然后它使用简单的BackgroundPane（以呈现漂亮的背景）和MessagePane来保存实际的消息。您可以在一个面板中执行此操作，但我喜欢这为我提供的灵活性。

Popup

现在，就个人而言，我会创建一个更简单的API，它可以构建弹出窗口并创建一个具有可变延迟的Timer，但是你明白了这个想法

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.LinearGradientPaint;
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JWindow;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;

public class PopupMessageWindow {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new PopupMessageWindow();
    }

    public PopupMessageWindow() {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                }

                final JWindow frame = new JWindow();
                frame.setBackground(new Color(0, 0, 0, 0));
                BackgroundPane pane = new BackgroundPane();
                pane.setMessage("Boo, This is a popup...");
                frame.add(pane);
                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);
                frame.setAlwaysOnTop(true);

                Timer timer = new Timer(10000, new ActionListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                        frame.dispose();
                        System.exit(0);
                    }
                });
                timer.setRepeats(false);
                timer.start();
            }
        });
    }

    public class BackgroundPane extends JPanel {

        private MessagePane messagePane;

        public BackgroundPane() {
            setBorder(new EmptyBorder(40, 40, 40, 40));
            messagePane = new MessagePane();
            setLayout(new BorderLayout());
            add(messagePane);
            setOpaque(false);
        }

        public void setMessage(String msg) {
            messagePane.setMessage(msg);
        }

        @Override
        protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            super.paintComponent(g);
            Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION_QUALITY);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_COLOR_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_COLOR_RENDER_QUALITY);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_DITHERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_DITHER_ENABLE);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_FRACTIONALMETRICS, RenderingHints.VALUE_FRACTIONALMETRICS_ON);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BILINEAR);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_STROKE_CONTROL, RenderingHints.VALUE_STROKE_PURE);
            LinearGradientPaint glp = new LinearGradientPaint(
                            new Point(0, 0),
                            new Point(0, getHeight()),
                            new float[]{0f, 1f},
                            new Color[]{Color.GRAY, Color.BLACK});
            RoundRectangle2D frame = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(0, 0, getWidth() - 1, getHeight() - 1, 20, 20);
            g2d.setPaint(glp);
            g2d.fill(frame);
            g2d.setColor(Color.WHITE);
            g2d.draw(frame);
        }

    }

    public class MessagePane extends JPanel {

        private JLabel label;

        public MessagePane() {
            setOpaque(false);
            label = new JLabel();
            label.setForeground(Color.WHITE);
            setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
            add(label);
        }

        public void setMessage(String msg) {
            label.setText(msg);
        }

    }

}

您可以在背景面板上使用AlphaComposite进行游戏，以创建半透明背景

使用50％AlphaComposite

的弹出窗口

Popup

<强>更新

您可以使用工厂或构建器模式来提供简单的API，例如......

new PopupBuilder().at(new Point(100, 100)).withMessage("Hello").withDelay(5000).show();

构建器将收集您要指定的属性，提供默认值，而不是设置它们，然后显示最终的弹出窗口。

基本的想法是当你调用show时，它会收集属性并构建类似于构造函数现在如何工作的窗口......

更新了淡出弹出窗口

这是（有点过于顶部）示例，说明如何能够产生淡入/淡出效果。该示例保证消息将在指定的延迟时间内显示在屏幕上（完整）

Popup

import java.awt.AlphaComposite;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.LinearGradientPaint;
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.Window;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JWindow;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;

public class PopupMessageExample {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new PopupMessageExample();
    }

    public PopupMessageExample() {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                }
                new PopupMessageBuilder().withDelay(10000).withMessage("Hello, this is a fading message").show();
            }
        });
    }

    public class PopupMessageBuilder {

        private int delay;
        private Point location;
        private String message;

        private long startTime;
        private Timer fadeTimer;

        public PopupMessageBuilder at(Point p) {
            this.location = p;
            return this;
        }

        public PopupMessageBuilder withDelay(int delay) {
            this.delay = delay;
            return this;
        }

        public PopupMessageBuilder withMessage(String msg) {
            this.message = msg;
            return this;
        }

        public PopupMessageBuilder show() {

            final JWindow frame = new JWindow();
            frame.setOpacity(0f);
            frame.setBackground(new Color(0, 0, 0, 0));
            BackgroundPane pane = new BackgroundPane();
            pane.setMessage(message);
            frame.add(pane);
            frame.pack();
            if (location == null) {
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
            } else {
                frame.setLocation(location);
            }
            frame.setVisible(true);
            frame.setAlwaysOnTop(true);

            new FadeTimer(frame, 1000, 0f, 1f, new ActionListener() {
                @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                    Timer timer = new Timer(delay, new ActionListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                            new FadeTimer(frame, 1000, 1f, 0f, new ActionListener() {
                                @Override
                                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                                    frame.dispose();
                                }
                            }).start();
                        }
                    });
                    timer.setRepeats(false);
                    timer.start();
                }
            }).start();

            return this;
        }

        public class FadeTimer extends Timer implements ActionListener {

            private final float startAt;
            private final float endAt;
            private final int duration;
            private long startTimer;

            private ActionListener endListener;

            private Window window;

            public FadeTimer(Window window, int duration, float startAt, float endAt, ActionListener endListener) {
                super(5, null);
                addActionListener(this);
                this.duration = duration;
                this.startAt = startAt;
                this.endAt = endAt;
                this.window = window;

                this.endListener = endListener;
            }

            @Override
            public void start() {
                startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
                super.start();
            }

            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
                long lapsed = now - startTime;
                float opacity = startAt;
                if (lapsed >= duration) {
                    opacity = endAt;
                    ((Timer) e.getSource()).stop();
                    if (endListener != null) {
                        endListener.actionPerformed(new ActionEvent(this, ActionEvent.ACTION_PERFORMED, "stopped"));
                    }
                } else {
                    float progress = (float) lapsed / (float) duration;
                    float distance = endAt - startAt;
                    opacity = (float) (distance * progress);
                    opacity += startAt;
                }
                window.setOpacity(opacity);
            }

        }

        public class BackgroundPane extends JPanel {

            private MessagePane messagePane;

            public BackgroundPane() {
                setBorder(new EmptyBorder(40, 40, 40, 40));
                messagePane = new MessagePane();
                setLayout(new BorderLayout());
                add(messagePane);
                setOpaque(false);
            }

            public void setMessage(String msg) {
                messagePane.setMessage(msg);
            }

            @Override
            protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
                super.paintComponent(g);
                Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
                g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION_QUALITY);
                g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
                g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_COLOR_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_COLOR_RENDER_QUALITY);
                g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_DITHERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_DITHER_ENABLE);
                g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_FRACTIONALMETRICS, RenderingHints.VALUE_FRACTIONALMETRICS_ON);
                g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BILINEAR);
                g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
                g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_STROKE_CONTROL, RenderingHints.VALUE_STROKE_PURE);
                LinearGradientPaint glp = new LinearGradientPaint(
                                new Point(0, 0),
                                new Point(0, getHeight()),
                                new float[]{0f, 1f},
                                new Color[]{Color.GRAY, Color.BLACK});
                RoundRectangle2D frame = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(0, 0, getWidth() - 1, getHeight() - 1, 20, 20);
                g2d.setPaint(glp);
                g2d.fill(frame);
                g2d.setColor(Color.WHITE);
                g2d.draw(frame);
            }

        }

        public class MessagePane extends JPanel {

            private JLabel label;

            public MessagePane() {
                setOpaque(false);
                label = new JLabel();
                label.setForeground(Color.WHITE);
                setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
                add(label);
            }

            public void setMessage(String msg) {
                label.setText(msg);
            }

        }

    }

}

现在，您可能还会通过更改框架的最大不透明度级别来执行此操作，但是，如果您更改paintComponent的{{1}}

BackgroundPane

您还可以影响弹出消息的过度不透明度。此方法仅影响背景，而不影响消息文本...

如何通过Java中的脚本弹出文本框（或工具提示）

1 个答案: