我必须返回从根到一些叶子的节点数和最重量路径的权重。请注意,树不是二进制搜索树,未排序。
即:
6
/ \
9 6
/ / \
3 1 19
然后,我必须返回整数6 + 6 + 19 = 31
并打印节点6 - 6 - 19
所以,这是我的代码:
int heavierPath ( Node * tree ) {
if ( ! tree ) return 0;
int leftWeight = heavierPath( tree->left );
int rightWeight= heavierPath( tree->right );
if ( leftWeight >= rightWeight ) {
if ( tree->left )
cout << tree->left->value << endl;
return tree->value + leftWeight;
}
else {
cout << tree->right->value << endl;
return tree->value + rightWeight;
}
};
结果是31
,但我看到了终端中的所有节点值。
如何修复它并仅打印位于较重路径中的元素? (只是递归)
谢谢!
答案 0 :(得分:1)
这在编辑后似乎有效。
您的问题:
将图表视为:
6
/ \
9 6
/ / \
3 1 19
为每个节点编号:
0
/ \
1 2
/ / \
3 4 5
考虑您在节点1的情况。
您需要更好的路径,它会为您提供leftWeight = 3
和rightweight = 0
,并打印“更好”的路径,3。这不是最终结果的一部分。
解决方案
为了解决这个问题,我在retstruct
中传递了其他数据,其中包含path
(到目前为止最重的路径),value
(使打印更容易) ,sum
(以确定更好的路径)。
然后我将功能更改为:
retstruct* heavierPath ( Node * tree ) {
if ( ! tree ) return new retstruct();
//Get both paths
retstruct* leftWeight = heavierPath( tree->left );
retstruct* rightWeight= heavierPath( tree->right );
//Find the "heavier" path
if ( leftWeight->sum >= rightWeight->sum ) {
//Delete lighter path
delete_retstruct(rightWeight);
//Pass up the better path with the correct data
return new retstruct(leftWeight, tree->value, tree->value + leftWeight->sum);
} else {
//Delete lighter path
delete_retstruct(leftWeight);
//Pass up the better path with the correct data
return new retstruct(rightWeight, tree->value, tree->value + rightWeight->sum);
}
};
添加了delete_retstruct函数:
void delete_retstruct (retstruct* path) {
if (path->path == NULL) {
delete path;
} else {
delete_retstruct(path->path);
}
}
和printPath函数:
void printPath (retstruct* path) {
if (path->path != NULL) {
std::cout << " - " << path->value;
printPath(path->path);
}
}
这样使用:
retstruct* path = heavierPath(tree);
//Print sum
std::cout << "Sum: " << path->sum << std::endl;
//Print path
std::cout << "Path: " << path->value;
printPath(path->path);
std::cout << std::endl;
输出:
Sum: 31
Path: 6 - 6 - 19
答案 1 :(得分:0)
我的建议是制作两个函数,第一个函数将找到从root到它的路径最大的叶子。所以假设你有指向这种叶子的指针就是打印路径的函数。
bool print(struct node *r, struct node *leaf)
{
if (r == NULL)
return false;
//will print if it is leaf or on path to leaf
if (r == leaf || print(r->left, leaf) || print(r->right, leaf) )
{
printf("%d ", r->val); // this will print in reverse order
// if you want to print from root, store values in stack and then print the value after the function call
return true;
}
return false;
}
答案 2 :(得分:0)
问题在于您正在混合打印节点并查找总和。后者必须访问所有子节点,而打印只需要访问路径中的节点。 以下是一个可能的解决方案:
#include <iostream>
#include <unordered_map>
struct Node
{
Node(int value = 0, Node* left = nullptr, Node* right = nullptr) :
value{value},
left{left},
right{right}
{}
int value;
Node* left;
Node* right;
};
std::unordered_map<Node*, int> map;
int pathSum(Node* node)
{
if (node == nullptr)
{
return 0;
}
else if (map.find(node) == map.end())
{
return (pathSum(node->left) > pathSum(node->right))
? (map[node] = node->value + pathSum(node->left))
: (map[node] = node->value + pathSum(node->right));
}
else
{
return map[node];
}
}
void printPath(Node* node)
{
if (node == nullptr)
{
return;
}
std::cout << node->value << std::endl;
if (pathSum(node->left) > pathSum(node->right))
{
printPath(node->left);
}
else
{
printPath(node->right);
}
}
int main() {
Node* tree = new Node(6,
new Node(9,
new Node(3)),
new Node(6,
new Node(1),
new Node(19)));
std::cout << "Biggest Sum: " << pathSum(tree) << std::endl;
std::cout << "Biggest Sum Path: " << std::endl;
printPath(tree);
return 0;
}
在这样的递归解决方案中,最好缓存结果,因此std :: unordered_map。该代码已在Ideone进行了测试。