我正在使用8波段多光谱卫星图像并根据反射率值估算水深。使用statsmodels,我想出了一个OLS模型,它将根据该像素的8个反射率值预测每个像素的深度。为了能够轻松地使用OLS模型,我将所有像素反射率值都粘贴到一个像下面示例中那样的pandas数据帧中;其中每行代表一个像素,每列是多光谱图像的光谱带。
由于一些预处理步骤,所有岸上像素都已转换为全零。我不想尝试预测这些像素的“深度”,因此我想将我的OLS模型预测限制为非全零值的行。
我需要将结果重新整形为原始图像的行x col尺寸,这样我就不能只删除所有零行。
我有一个Pandas数据帧。某些行包含全零。我想掩盖这些行进行一些计算,但我需要保留行。我无法弄清楚如何屏蔽所有零行的条目。
例如:
In [1]: import pandas as pd
In [2]: import numpy as np
# my actual data has about 16 million rows so
# I'll simulate some data for the example.
In [3]: cols = ['band1','band2','band3','band4','band5','band6','band7','band8']
In [4]: rdf = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randint(0,10,80).reshape(10,8),columns=cols)
In [5]: zdf = pd.DataFrame(np.zeros( (3,8) ),columns=cols)
In [6]: df = pd.concat((rdf,zdf)).reset_index(drop=True)
In [7]: df
Out[7]:
band1 band2 band3 band4 band5 band6 band7 band8
0 9 9 8 7 2 7 5 6
1 7 7 5 6 3 0 9 8
2 5 4 3 6 0 3 8 8
3 6 4 5 0 5 7 4 5
4 8 3 2 4 1 3 2 5
5 9 7 6 3 8 7 8 4
6 6 2 8 2 2 6 9 8
7 9 4 0 2 7 6 4 8
8 1 3 5 3 3 3 0 1
9 4 2 9 7 3 5 5 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
[13 rows x 8 columns]
我知道我可以通过这样做得到我感兴趣的行:
In [8]: df[df.any(axis=1)==True]
Out[8]:
band1 band2 band3 band4 band5 band6 band7 band8
0 9 9 8 7 2 7 5 6
1 7 7 5 6 3 0 9 8
2 5 4 3 6 0 3 8 8
3 6 4 5 0 5 7 4 5
4 8 3 2 4 1 3 2 5
5 9 7 6 3 8 7 8 4
6 6 2 8 2 2 6 9 8
7 9 4 0 2 7 6 4 8
8 1 3 5 3 3 3 0 1
9 4 2 9 7 3 5 5 0
[10 rows x 8 columns]
但是我需要稍后重新整形数据,所以我需要这些行在正确的位置。我尝试了各种各样的事情,包括df.where(df.any(axis=1)==True)
,但我找不到任何有用的东西。
df.any(axis=1)==True
为我感兴趣的行True
和False
为我想要屏蔽的行提供{但是当我尝试df.where(df.any(axis=1)==True)
时只需使用所有零返回整个数据框即可。我想要整个数据框,但是这些零行中的所有值都被屏蔽了,据我所知,它们应该显示为Nan,对吗?
我尝试获取所有零的行索引并按行掩盖:
mskidxs = df[df.any(axis=1)==False].index
df.mask(df.index.isin(mskidxs))
这对我没有任何作用:
ValueError: Array conditional must be same shape as self
.index
只是给了Int64Index
。我需要一个与我的数据框尺寸相同的布尔数组,但我无法弄清楚如何得到它。
提前感谢您的帮助。
-Jared
答案 0 :(得分:2)
澄清我的问题的过程使我以迂回的方式找到答案。 This question也帮助我指明了正确的方向。这是我想出来的:
import pandas as pd
# Set up my fake test data again. My actual data is described
# in the question.
cols = ['band1','band2','band3','band4','band5','band6','band7','band8']
rdf = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randint(0,10,80).reshape(10,8),columns=cols)
zdf = pd.DataFrame(np.zeros( (3,8) ),columns=cols)
df = pd.concat((zdf,rdf)).reset_index(drop=True)
# View the dataframe. (sorry about the alignment, I don't
# want to spend the time putting in all the spaces)
df
band1 band2 band3 band4 band5 band6 band7 band8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 6 3 7 0 1 7 1 8
4 9 2 6 8 7 1 4 3
5 4 2 1 1 3 2 1 9
6 5 3 8 7 3 7 5 2
7 8 2 6 0 7 2 0 7
8 1 3 5 0 7 3 3 5
9 1 8 6 0 1 5 7 7
10 4 2 6 2 2 2 4 9
11 8 7 8 0 9 3 3 0
12 6 1 6 8 2 0 2 5
13 rows × 8 columns
# This is essentially the same as item #2 under Fails
# in my question. It gives me the indexes of the rows
# I want unmasked as True and those I want masked as
# False. However, the result is not the right shape to
# use as a mask.
df.apply( lambda row: any([i<>0 for i in row]),axis=1 )
0 False
1 False
2 False
3 True
4 True
5 True
6 True
7 True
8 True
9 True
10 True
11 True
12 True
dtype: bool
# This is what actually works. By setting broadcast to
# True, I get a result that's the right shape to use.
land_rows = df.apply( lambda row: any([i<>0 for i in row]),axis=1,
broadcast=True )
land_rows
Out[92]:
band1 band2 band3 band4 band5 band6 band7 band8
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
6 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
12 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
13 rows × 8 columns
# This produces the result I was looking for:
df.where(land_rows)
Out[93]:
band1 band2 band3 band4 band5 band6 band7 band8
0 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN
1 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN
2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN
3 6 3 7 0 1 7 1 8
4 9 2 6 8 7 1 4 3
5 4 2 1 1 3 2 1 9
6 5 3 8 7 3 7 5 2
7 8 2 6 0 7 2 0 7
8 1 3 5 0 7 3 3 5
9 1 8 6 0 1 5 7 7
10 4 2 6 2 2 2 4 9
11 8 7 8 0 9 3 3 0
12 6 1 6 8 2 0 2 5
13 rows × 8 columns
再次感谢那些帮助过的人。希望我找到的解决方案在某些时候对某人有用。
我发现了另一种做同样事情的方法。涉及的步骤更多,但根据%timeit,它的速度提高了约9倍。这是:
def mask_all_zero_rows_numpy(df):
"""
Take a dataframe, find all the rows that contain only zeros
and mask them. Return a dataframe of the same shape with all
Nan rows in place of the all zero rows.
"""
no_data = -99
arr = df.as_matrix().astype(int16)
# make a row full of the 'no data' value
replacement_row = np.array([no_data for x in range(arr.shape[1])], dtype=int16)
# find out what rows are all zeros
mask_rows = ~arr.any(axis=1)
# replace those all zero rows with all 'no_data' rows
arr[mask_rows] = replacement_row
# create a masked array with the no_data value masked
marr = np.ma.masked_where(arr==no_data,arr)
# turn masked array into a data frame
mdf = pd.DataFrame(marr,columns=df.columns)
return mdf
mask_all_zero_rows_numpy(df)
的结果应与上面的Out[93]:
相同。
答案 1 :(得分:0)
我不清楚为什么你不能简单地只对行的一部分执行计算:
np.average(df[1][:11])
排除零行。
或者您可以在切片上进行计算并将计算值读回原始数据帧:
dfs = df[:10]
dfs['1_deviation_from_mean'] = pd.Series([abs(np.average(dfs[1]) - val) for val in dfs[1]])
df['deviation_from_mean'] = dfs['1_deviation_from_mean']
或者,您可以创建要屏蔽的索引点的列表,然后使用numpy蒙板数组进行计算,通过使用np.ma.masked_where()方法创建并指定屏蔽索引位置中的值:
row_for_mask = [row for row in df.index if all(df.loc[row] == 0)]
masked_array = np.ma.masked_where(df[1].index.isin(row_for_mask), df[1])
np.mean(masked_array)
蒙面数组如下所示:
Name: 1, dtype: float64(data =
0 5
1 0
2 0
3 4
4 4
5 4
6 3
7 1
8 0
9 9
10 --
11 --
12 --
Name: 1, dtype: object,