在接下来的一周，我们希望将数据库从一台服务器重新定位到另一台服务器。
在http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms187858%28v=sql.110%29.aspx上
我读到了从旧位置分离数据库并将其附加到新位置。
问题是，我无法访问服务器的文件系统，我甚至不知道服务器的确切位置^^
有没有办法将数据库从一个服务器重定位到另一个服务器，而无需访问旧服务器的文件系统？
答案 0 :(得分：1)
您可以使用SQL Server中的“导入/导出”工具直接复制数据，这将在目标位置创建新数据库。关于这一点的好处是新数据库将按照您的预期工作，因为它是在目标服务器上从头开始创建的，但这也意味着您可能在存储过程或函数中使用旧的，不推荐使用的语法或者其他任何获胜的语法。除非你降低兼容性水平（尽管这不应该很难），否则不起作用。还要注意任何可能的排序规则冲突（您的旧服务器可能有SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS，而新服务器可能是Latin1_General_CI_AS，这可能会导致平等操作失败等等。
另外，如果你有一个大型数据库，那么它需要很长时间，但是我不能想到任何其他不需要某种程度的方法。访问文件系统，因为您仍然需要到文件系统获取备份副本，或者如果使用UNC路径进行备份，源服务器需要能够写入该位置并且您之后需要能够访问它。如果其他人能够想到一个我感兴趣的人，因为隐藏起来将是一个有用的知识。
编辑：
还应该提到使用Powershell和SMO - 它与使用导入/导出向导没有任何不同，但它确实允许你微调。以下是我一直用来在不同服务器上创建数据库副本（仅限架构）的PS脚本，但缺少某些方面（NCI，FKs Indeitites等），因为副本注定是只读的。您可以轻松扩展它以复制数据。
param (
[string]$sourceServerName = $(throw "Source server name is required."),
[string]$destServerName = $(throw "Destination server is required."),
[string]$sourceDBName = $(throw "Source database name is required."),
[string]$destDBName = $(throw "Destination database name is required"),
[string]$schema = "dbo"
)
# Add an error trap so that at the end of the script we can see if we recorded any non-fatal errors and if so then throw
# an error and return 1 so that the SQL job recognises there's been an error.
trap
{
write-output $_
exit 1
}
# Append year to destination DB name if it isn't already on the end.
$year = (Get-Date).AddYears(-6).Year
if (-Not $destDBName.EndsWith($year)) {
$destDBName+=$year
}
# Load assemblies.
[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SqlServer.ConnectionInfo") | out-null
[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SqlServer.SMO") | out-null
[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SqlServer.SmoExtended") | out-null
# Set up source connection.
$sourceSrvConn = new-object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Common.ServerConnection
$sourceSrvConn.ServerInstance = $sourceServerName
$sourceSrvConn.LoginSecure = $false
$sourceSrvConn.Login = "MyLogin"
$sourceSrvConn.Password = "xxx"
# Set up destination connection.
$destSrvConn = new-object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Common.ServerConnection
$destSrvConn.ServerInstance = $destServerName
$destSrvConn.LoginSecure = $false
$destSrvConn.Login = "MyLogin"
$destSrvConn.Password = "xxx"
$sourceSrv = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Server($sourceSrvConn)
$sourceDb = New-Object ("Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Database")
$destSrv = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Server($destSrvConn)
$destDb = New-Object ("Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Database")
$tbl = New-Object ("Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Table")
$scripter = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Scripter($sourceSrvConn)
# Get the database objects
$sourceDb = $sourceSrv.Databases[$sourceDbName]
$destDb = $destSrv.Databases[$destDbName]
# Test to see databases exist. Not as easy to test for servers - if you got those wrong then this will fail and throw an error
# so it's down to the user to check their values carefully.
if ($sourceDb -eq $null) {throw "Database '" + $sourceDbName + "' does not exist on server '" + $sourceServerName + "'"}
if ($destDb -eq $null) {throw "Database '" + $destDbName + "' does not exist on server '" + $destServerName + "'"}
# Get source objects.
$tbl = $sourceDb.tables | Where-object { $_.schema -eq $schema -and -not $_.IsSystemObject }
$storedProcs = $sourceDb.StoredProcedures | Where-object { $_.schema -eq $schema -and -not $_.IsSystemObject }
$views = $sourceDb.Views | Where-object { $_.schema -eq $schema -and -not $_.IsSystemObject }
$udfs = $sourceDb.UserDefinedFunctions | Where-object { $_.schema -eq $schema -and -not $_.IsSystemObject }
$catalogs = $sourceDb.FullTextCatalogs
$udtts = $sourceDb.UserDefinedTableTypes | Where-object { $_.schema -eq $schema -and -not $_.IsSystemObject }
$assemblies = $sourceDb.Assemblies | Where-object { -not $_.IsSystemObject }
# Set scripter options to ensure only schema is scripted
$scripter.Options.ScriptSchema = $true;
$scripter.Options.ScriptData = $false;
#Exclude GOs after every line
$scripter.Options.NoCommandTerminator = $false;
$scripter.Options.ToFileOnly = $false
$scripter.Options.AllowSystemObjects = $false
$scripter.Options.Permissions = $true
$scripter.Options.DriForeignKeys = $false
$scripter.Options.SchemaQualify = $true
$scripter.Options.AnsiFile = $true
$scripter.Options.Indexes = $false
$scripter.Options.DriIndexes = $false
$scripter.Options.DriClustered = $true
$scripter.Options.DriNonClustered = $false
$scripter.Options.NonClusteredIndexes = $false
$scripter.Options.ClusteredIndexes = $true
$scripter.Options.FullTextIndexes = $true
$scripter.Options.NoIdentities = $true
$scripter.Options.DriPrimaryKey = $true
$scripter.Options.EnforceScriptingOptions = $true
$pattern = "(\b" + $sourceDBName + "\b)"
$errors = 0
function CopyObjectsToDestination($objects) {
foreach ($o in $objects) {
if ($o -ne $null) {
try {
$script = $scripter.Script($o)
$script = $script -replace $pattern, $destDBName
$destDb.ExecuteNonQuery($script)
} catch {
#Make sure any errors are logged by the SQL job.
$ex = $_.Exception
$message = $o.Name + " " + (Get-Date)
$message += "`r`n"
#$message += $ex.message
$ex = $ex.InnerException
while ($ex.InnerException) {
$message += "`n$ex.InnerException.message"
$ex = $ex.InnerException
}
#Write-Error $o.Name
Write-Error $message # Write to caller. SQL Agent will display this (or at least some of it) in the job step history.
# Need to use Set-Variable or changes to the variable will only be in scope within the function and we want to persist this.
if ($errors -eq 0) {
Set-Variable -Name errors -Scope 1 -Value 1
}
}
}
}
}
# Output the scripts
CopyObjectsToDestination $assemblies
CopyObjectsToDestination $tbl
CopyObjectsToDestination $udfs
CopyObjectsToDestination $views
CopyObjectsToDestination $storedProcs
CopyObjectsToDestination $catalogs
CopyObjectsToDestination $udtts
# Disconnect from databases cleanly.
$sourceSrv.ConnectionContext.Disconnect()
$destSrv.ConnectionContext.Disconnect()
# Did we encounter any non-fatal errors along the way (SQL errors and suchlike)? If yes then throw an exception which tells the
# user to check the log files.
if ($errors -eq 1) {
throw "Errors encountered - see log file for details"
}