我写了一个似乎工作正常的小程序,但是当我运行memcheck时,valgrind给了我一个奇怪的错误。我在解释错误代码时需要帮助:)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int get_length(char* str){
int i=0;
char c = str[0];
while(c!='\0'){
i++;
c=str[i];
}
return i;
}
char* rev(char* str){
int length = get_length(str);
char* x=malloc(length*sizeof(char));
int i;
length-=1;
for(i=0; i<=length; i++){
x[i]=str[length-i];
}
return x;
}
int main(){
char* s=rev("roma");
printf("%s\n",s);
free(s);
}
valgrind输出如下:
Invalid read of size 1
==14727== at 0x4C29724: __GI_strlen (mc_replace_strmem.c:405)
==14727== by 0x4E9907A: puts (ioputs.c:37)
==14727== by 0x400673: main (in /home/francesco80b/Scrivania/i_a/l-04/main.o)
==14727== Address 0x51ba044 is 0 bytes after a block of size 4 alloc'd
==14727== at 0x4C28D84: malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:291)
==14727== by 0x400601: rev (in /home/francesco80b/Scrivania/i_a/l-04/main.o)
==14727== by 0x400663: main (in /home/francesco80b/Scrivania/i_a/l-04/main.o)
==14727==
amor
==14727==
==14727== HEAP SUMMARY:
==14727== in use at exit: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==14727== total heap usage: 1 allocs, 1 frees, 4 bytes allocated
==14727==
==14727== All heap blocks were freed -- no leaks are possible
我也注意到,如果我使用calloc()而不是使用malloc(),valgrind根本不会检测到任何错误。
注意:我为了好玩而编写了get_length()函数,lol
答案 0 :(得分:4)
您分配的字符数少于您所需的字数:
char* x=malloc(length*sizeof(char));
应该是
char* x=malloc(length+1);
不需要乘以sizeof(char)
,因为标准要求它为1
。需要添加1
,因为您的函数无法添加空终止符需要额外的字符。这就是printf
尝试打印字符串时无效读取的原因。
要解决此问题,请分配length+1
,然后在从函数返回x[length] = '\0';
之前添加x
。