Spring Java Config和@EnableTransactionManagement的问题

Question

我正在从Spring配置的XML配置迁移。相反，当我尝试在Spring 4.0.3.RELEASE Java配置中使用功能相同的@EnableTransactionManagement时，我的Spring上下文无法实例化，但有以下异常：

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
        at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99)
        at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:101)
        at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109)
        at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)
        at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:319)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:212)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)
        at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:232)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:89)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:175)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.execute(JUnit4Provider.java:236)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:134)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:113)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray(ReflectionUtils.java:189)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:165)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory.invokeProvider(ProviderFactory.java:85)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.runSuitesInProcess(ForkedBooter.java:103)
        at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:74)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'baseMySQLTest.TestConfig': Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.transaction.config.internalTransactionAdvisor' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/transaction/annotation/ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration.class]: Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Factory method [public org.springframework.transaction.intercep...skipping...
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1558)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)
        ... 45 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Factory method [public org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration.transactionAdvisor()] threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'transactionInterceptor' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/transaction/annotation/ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Property 'transactionManager' is required
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:188)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:586)
        ... 62 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'transactionInterceptor' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/transaction/annotation/ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Property 'transactionManager' is required
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1553)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
        at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.intercept(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:324)
        at org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$83a12634.transactionInterceptor()
        at org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration.transactionAdvisor(ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration.java:45)
        at org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$83a12634.CGLIB$transactionAdvisor$0()
        at org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$83a12634$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$cc829ae.invoke()
        at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invokeSuper(MethodProxy.java:228)
        at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.intercept(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:312)
        at org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$83a12634.transactionAdvisor()
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:166)
        ... 63 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Property 'transactionManager' is required
        at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.afterPropertiesSet(TransactionAspectSupport.java:195)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1612)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1549)
        ... 82 more

这可以在单元测试中获得，但是当它在这里工作时，我可以在生产代码中使用它。

这是我的单元测试基类，其中发生了Spring连接：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer.class, BaseMySQLTest.TestConfig.class})
public class BaseMySQLTest extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests {

    @Configuration
    @Import(DaoConfig.class)
    @PropertySource("classpath:/jdbc.properties")
    @EnableTransactionManagement
    public static class TestConfig {
        @Bean
        public PlatformTransactionManager providesTransactionManager(ListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
            return new DataSourceTransactionManager(beanFactory.getBean(DataSource.class));
        }
    }
}

这是一个使用这个基类和config的子类：

public class UserDaoImplTest extends BaseMySQLTest {

    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;

    @Test
    public void testById() throws Exception {
        jdbcTemplate.execute("insert into users (email) values ('bob@example.com')");
        ...
    }

}

正如我所看到的，我的Spring TestConfig定义了一个事务管理器bean，根据Javadoc

http://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/3.1.x/javadoc-api/org/springframework/transaction/annotation/EnableTransactionManagement.html

意味着我不必命名bean（尽管我已将其命名为试图使其工作）。实际上，Spring上下文的行为就好像配置了XML配置，面对没有明确命名为“transactionManager”的bean。

我的Java Config缺少什么，以至于Spring上下文无法在实例化时使用此事务管理器bean来满足其要求？

感谢您提供任何有用的意见。

编辑：

（我不确定这个编辑应该去哪里，所以我试试这里.ae6rt）

这是新的测试类，导致与原始工作相同的错误：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {BaseMySQLTest.TestConfig.class})
public class BaseMySQLTest extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests {

    protected int lastInsertId() {
        return jdbcTemplate.queryForInt("select LAST_INSERT_ID()");
    }

    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;

    @Test
    public void testById() throws Exception {
        jdbcTemplate.execute("insert into mgdb.users (email) values ('bob@example.com')");
        int userId = lastInsertId();
        Optional xoomUserOptional = userDao.byId(userId);
        assertThat(xoomUserOptional.isPresent(), equalTo(true));
        XoomUser user = xoomUserOptional.get();
        assertThat(user.getEmailAddress(), equalTo("bob@example.com"));
    }

    @Configuration
    @Import(DaoConfig.class)
    @PropertySource("classpath:/jdbc.properties")
    @EnableTransactionManagement
    public static class TestConfig {
        @Bean
        public PlatformTransactionManager providesTransactionManager(ListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
            return new DataSourceTransactionManager(beanFactory.getBean(DataSource.class));
        }
    }

}

我实际上并不需要这里的属性配置

@ContextConfiguration（classes = {BaseMySQLTest.TestConfig.class}）

所以我删除了它。希望这符合本轮的精神。

Answer 1

看起来唯一的变化应该是将事务管理器bean名称命名为＆＃34; transactionManager＆＃34;：

public static class TestConfig {
    @Autowired
    private DataSource datasource;

    @Bean
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(datasource);
    }
}

编辑：

你可以尝试这些额外的东西：

0.1。从这里删除PropertyPlaceHolderConfigurer .. @ContextConfiguration(classes = {PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer.class, BaseMySQLTest.TestConfig.class})，这不是PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer的使用方式，你必须这样做：

@Bean
public static PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer placeholderConfigurer() {
    PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer placeholderConfigurer = new PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer();
    ClassPathResource resource = new ClassPathResource("/META-INF/spring/database.properties");
    placeholderConfigurer.setLocation(resource);
    return placeholderConfigurer;
}

另外，仅用于测试，您是否可以将实际测试移动到基类，并查看其中一个配置是否适合您。我在自己的机器上测试过，它似乎与Spring 4.0.2+完美配合。