Question

我有办法复制现有的架构，并在postgres的同一个数据库中生成另一个名称的新架构。

Answer 1

使用pg_dump将当前架构转储到SQL格式的文件中。打开文件，用新名称替换schemaname并在数据库中执行此脚本以创建新模式以及此模式中的所有其他对象。

Answer 2

查看this PostgreSQL的wiki页面。它根据您的需要包含clone_schema的函数，但此函数仅克隆表。该页面引用this帖子，其中包含一个克隆架构所需内容的函数。这个功能对我很有用，我设法用JDBC API执行它。

但是当架构名称包含-或大写字母时，我遇到了一些问题。经过研究，我发现问题的根源是quote_ident()方法。我更改clone_schema函数以使用任何模式名称。我在这里分享新功能，希望它会帮助某人：

-- Function: clone_schema(text, text)

-- DROP FUNCTION clone_schema(text, text);

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION clone_schema(
    source_schema text,
    dest_schema text,
    include_recs boolean)
  RETURNS void AS
$BODY$

--  This function will clone all sequences, tables, data, views & functions from any existing schema to a new one
-- SAMPLE CALL:
-- SELECT clone_schema('public', 'new_schema', TRUE);

DECLARE
  src_oid          oid;
  tbl_oid          oid;
  func_oid         oid;
  object           text;
  buffer           text;
  srctbl           text;
  default_         text;
  column_          text;
  qry              text;
  dest_qry         text;
  v_def            text;
  seqval           bigint;
  sq_last_value    bigint;
  sq_max_value     bigint;
  sq_start_value   bigint;
  sq_increment_by  bigint;
  sq_min_value     bigint;
  sq_cache_value   bigint;
  sq_log_cnt       bigint;
  sq_is_called     boolean;
  sq_is_cycled     boolean;
  sq_cycled        char(10);

BEGIN

-- Check that source_schema exists
  SELECT oid INTO src_oid
    FROM pg_namespace
   WHERE nspname = source_schema;
  IF NOT FOUND
    THEN 
    RAISE EXCEPTION 'source schema % does not exist!', source_schema;
    RETURN ;
  END IF;

  -- Check that dest_schema does not yet exist
  PERFORM nspname 
    FROM pg_namespace
   WHERE nspname = dest_schema;
  IF FOUND
    THEN 
    RAISE EXCEPTION 'dest schema % already exists!', dest_schema;
    RETURN ;
  END IF;

  EXECUTE 'CREATE SCHEMA "' || dest_schema || '"';

  -- Create sequences
  -- TODO: Find a way to make this sequence's owner is the correct table.
  FOR object IN
    SELECT sequence_name::text 
      FROM information_schema.sequences
     WHERE sequence_schema = source_schema
  LOOP
    EXECUTE 'CREATE SEQUENCE "' || dest_schema || '".' || quote_ident(object);
    srctbl := '"' || source_schema || '".' || quote_ident(object);

    EXECUTE 'SELECT last_value, max_value, start_value, increment_by, min_value, cache_value, log_cnt, is_cycled, is_called 
              FROM "' || source_schema || '".' || quote_ident(object) || ';' 
              INTO sq_last_value, sq_max_value, sq_start_value, sq_increment_by, sq_min_value, sq_cache_value, sq_log_cnt, sq_is_cycled, sq_is_called ; 

    IF sq_is_cycled 
      THEN 
        sq_cycled := 'CYCLE';
    ELSE
        sq_cycled := 'NO CYCLE';
    END IF;

    EXECUTE 'ALTER SEQUENCE "'   || dest_schema || '".' || quote_ident(object) 
            || ' INCREMENT BY ' || sq_increment_by
            || ' MINVALUE '     || sq_min_value 
            || ' MAXVALUE '     || sq_max_value
            || ' START WITH '   || sq_start_value
            || ' RESTART '      || sq_min_value 
            || ' CACHE '        || sq_cache_value 
            || sq_cycled || ' ;' ;

    buffer := '"' || dest_schema || '".' || quote_ident(object);
    IF include_recs 
        THEN
            EXECUTE 'SELECT setval( ''' || buffer || ''', ' || sq_last_value || ', ' || sq_is_called || ');' ; 
    ELSE
            EXECUTE 'SELECT setval( ''' || buffer || ''', ' || sq_start_value || ', ' || sq_is_called || ');' ;
    END IF;

  END LOOP;

-- Create tables 
  FOR object IN
    SELECT TABLE_NAME::text 
      FROM information_schema.tables 
     WHERE table_schema = source_schema
       AND table_type = 'BASE TABLE'

  LOOP
    buffer := '"' || dest_schema || '".' || quote_ident(object);
    EXECUTE 'CREATE TABLE ' || buffer || ' (LIKE "' || source_schema || '".' || quote_ident(object) 
        || ' INCLUDING ALL)';

    IF include_recs 
      THEN 
      -- Insert records from source table
      EXECUTE 'INSERT INTO ' || buffer || ' SELECT * FROM "' || source_schema || '".' || quote_ident(object) || ';';
    END IF;

    FOR column_, default_ IN
      SELECT column_name::text, 
             REPLACE(column_default::text, source_schema, dest_schema) 
        FROM information_schema.COLUMNS 
       WHERE table_schema = dest_schema 
         AND TABLE_NAME = object 
         AND column_default LIKE 'nextval(%"' || source_schema || '"%::regclass)'
    LOOP
      EXECUTE 'ALTER TABLE ' || buffer || ' ALTER COLUMN ' || column_ || ' SET DEFAULT ' || default_;
    END LOOP;

  END LOOP;

--  add FK constraint
  FOR qry IN
    SELECT 'ALTER TABLE "' || dest_schema || '".' || quote_ident(rn.relname) 
                          || ' ADD CONSTRAINT ' || quote_ident(ct.conname) || ' ' || pg_get_constraintdef(ct.oid) || ';'
      FROM pg_constraint ct
      JOIN pg_class rn ON rn.oid = ct.conrelid
     WHERE connamespace = src_oid
       AND rn.relkind = 'r'
       AND ct.contype = 'f'

    LOOP
      EXECUTE qry;

    END LOOP;


-- Create views 
  FOR object IN
    SELECT table_name::text,
           view_definition 
      FROM information_schema.views
     WHERE table_schema = source_schema

  LOOP
    buffer := '"' || dest_schema || '".' || quote_ident(object);
    SELECT view_definition INTO v_def
      FROM information_schema.views
     WHERE table_schema = source_schema
       AND table_name = quote_ident(object);

    EXECUTE 'CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW ' || buffer || ' AS ' || v_def || ';' ;

  END LOOP;

-- Create functions 
  FOR func_oid IN
    SELECT oid
      FROM pg_proc 
     WHERE pronamespace = src_oid

  LOOP      
    SELECT pg_get_functiondef(func_oid) INTO qry;
    SELECT replace(qry, source_schema, dest_schema) INTO dest_qry;
    EXECUTE dest_qry;

  END LOOP;

  RETURN; 

END;

$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;
ALTER FUNCTION clone_schema(text, text, boolean)
  OWNER TO postgres;

Answer 3

我运行了一些测试，发现结果是引用了源模式。所以这是我的改进版本：

-- Function: clone_schema(source text, dest text, include_records boolean default true, show_details boolean default false)

-- DROP FUNCTION clone_schema(text, text, boolean, boolean);

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION clone_schema(
  source_schema text,
  dest_schema text,
  include_recs boolean DEFAULT true,
  show_details boolean DEFAULT false)
  RETURNS void AS
$BODY$

--  This function will clone all sequences, tables, data, views & functions from any existing schema to a new one
-- SAMPLE CALL:
-- SELECT clone_schema('public', 'new_schema');
-- SELECT clone_schema('public', 'new_schema', TRUE);
-- SELECT clone_schema('public', 'new_schema', TRUE, TRUE);

DECLARE
  src_oid          oid;
  tbl_oid          oid;
  func_oid         oid;
  object           text;
  buffer           text;
  srctbl           text;
  default_         text;
  column_          text;
  qry              text;
  xrec             record;
  dest_qry         text;
  v_def            text;
  seqval           bigint;
  sq_last_value    bigint;
  sq_max_value     bigint;
  sq_start_value   bigint;
  sq_increment_by  bigint;
  sq_min_value     bigint;
  sq_cache_value   bigint;
  sq_log_cnt       bigint;
  sq_is_called     boolean;
  sq_is_cycled     boolean;
  sq_cycled        char(10);
  rec              record;
  source_schema_dot text = source_schema || '.';
  dest_schema_dot text = dest_schema || '.';

BEGIN

  -- Check that source_schema exists
  SELECT oid INTO src_oid
  FROM pg_namespace
  WHERE nspname = quote_ident(source_schema);
  IF NOT FOUND
  THEN
    RAISE NOTICE 'source schema % does not exist!', source_schema;
    RETURN ;
  END IF;

  -- Check that dest_schema does not yet exist
  PERFORM nspname
  FROM pg_namespace
  WHERE nspname = quote_ident(dest_schema);
  IF FOUND
  THEN
    RAISE NOTICE 'dest schema % already exists!', dest_schema;
    RETURN ;
  END IF;

  EXECUTE 'CREATE SCHEMA ' || quote_ident(dest_schema) ;

  -- Defaults search_path to destination schema
  PERFORM set_config('search_path', dest_schema, true);

  -- Create sequences
  -- TODO: Find a way to make this sequence's owner is the correct table.
  FOR object IN
  SELECT sequence_name::text
  FROM information_schema.sequences
  WHERE sequence_schema = quote_ident(source_schema)
  LOOP
    EXECUTE 'CREATE SEQUENCE ' || quote_ident(dest_schema) || '.' || quote_ident(object);
    srctbl := quote_ident(source_schema) || '.' || quote_ident(object);

    EXECUTE 'SELECT last_value, max_value, start_value, increment_by, min_value, cache_value, log_cnt, is_cycled, is_called
              FROM ' || quote_ident(source_schema) || '.' || quote_ident(object) || ';'
    INTO sq_last_value, sq_max_value, sq_start_value, sq_increment_by, sq_min_value, sq_cache_value, sq_log_cnt, sq_is_cycled, sq_is_called ;

    IF sq_is_cycled
    THEN
      sq_cycled := 'CYCLE';
    ELSE
      sq_cycled := 'NO CYCLE';
    END IF;

    EXECUTE 'ALTER SEQUENCE '   || quote_ident(dest_schema) || '.' || quote_ident(object)
            || ' INCREMENT BY ' || sq_increment_by
            || ' MINVALUE '     || sq_min_value
            || ' MAXVALUE '     || sq_max_value
            || ' START WITH '   || sq_start_value
            || ' RESTART '      || sq_min_value
            || ' CACHE '        || sq_cache_value
            || sq_cycled || ' ;' ;

    buffer := quote_ident(dest_schema) || '.' || quote_ident(object);
    IF include_recs
    THEN
      EXECUTE 'SELECT setval( ''' || buffer || ''', ' || sq_last_value || ', ' || sq_is_called || ');' ;
    ELSE
      EXECUTE 'SELECT setval( ''' || buffer || ''', ' || sq_start_value || ', ' || sq_is_called || ');' ;
    END IF;
    IF show_details THEN RAISE NOTICE 'Sequence created: %', object; END IF;
  END LOOP;

  -- Create tables
  FOR object IN
  SELECT TABLE_NAME::text
  FROM information_schema.tables
  WHERE table_schema = quote_ident(source_schema)
        AND table_type = 'BASE TABLE'

  LOOP
    buffer := dest_schema || '.' || quote_ident(object);
    EXECUTE 'CREATE TABLE ' || buffer || ' (LIKE ' || quote_ident(source_schema) || '.' || quote_ident(object)
            || ' INCLUDING ALL)';

    IF include_recs
    THEN
      -- Insert records from source table
      EXECUTE 'INSERT INTO ' || buffer || ' SELECT * FROM ' || quote_ident(source_schema) || '.' || quote_ident(object) || ';';
    END IF;

    FOR column_, default_ IN
    SELECT column_name::text,
      REPLACE(column_default::text, source_schema, dest_schema)
    FROM information_schema.COLUMNS
    WHERE table_schema = dest_schema
          AND TABLE_NAME = object
          AND column_default LIKE 'nextval(%' || quote_ident(source_schema) || '%::regclass)'
    LOOP
      EXECUTE 'ALTER TABLE ' || buffer || ' ALTER COLUMN ' || column_ || ' SET DEFAULT ' || default_;
    END LOOP;

    IF show_details THEN RAISE NOTICE 'base table created: %', object; END IF;

  END LOOP;

  --  add FK constraint
  FOR xrec IN
  SELECT ct.conname as fk_name, rn.relname as tb_name,  'ALTER TABLE ' || quote_ident(dest_schema) || '.' || quote_ident(rn.relname)
         || ' ADD CONSTRAINT ' || quote_ident(ct.conname) || ' ' || replace(pg_get_constraintdef(ct.oid), source_schema_dot, '') || ';' as qry
  FROM pg_constraint ct
    JOIN pg_class rn ON rn.oid = ct.conrelid
  WHERE connamespace = src_oid
        AND rn.relkind = 'r'
        AND ct.contype = 'f'

  LOOP
    IF show_details THEN RAISE NOTICE 'Creating FK constraint %.%...', xrec.tb_name, xrec.fk_name; END IF;
    --RAISE NOTICE 'DEF: %', xrec.qry;
    EXECUTE xrec.qry;
  END LOOP;

  -- Create functions
  FOR xrec IN
  SELECT proname as func_name, oid as func_oid
  FROM pg_proc
  WHERE pronamespace = src_oid

  LOOP
    IF show_details THEN RAISE NOTICE 'Creating function %...', xrec.func_name; END IF;
    SELECT pg_get_functiondef(xrec.func_oid) INTO qry;
    SELECT replace(qry, source_schema_dot, '') INTO dest_qry;
    EXECUTE dest_qry;
  END LOOP;

  -- add Table Triggers
  FOR rec IN
  SELECT
    trg.tgname AS trigger_name,
    tbl.relname AS trigger_table,

    CASE
    WHEN trg.tgenabled='O' THEN 'ENABLED'
    ELSE 'DISABLED'
    END AS status,
    CASE trg.tgtype::integer & 1
    WHEN 1 THEN 'ROW'::text
    ELSE 'STATEMENT'::text
    END AS trigger_level,
    CASE trg.tgtype::integer & 66
    WHEN 2 THEN 'BEFORE'
    WHEN 64 THEN 'INSTEAD OF'
    ELSE 'AFTER'
    END AS action_timing,
    CASE trg.tgtype::integer & cast(60 AS int2)
    WHEN 16 THEN 'UPDATE'
    WHEN 8 THEN 'DELETE'
    WHEN 4 THEN 'INSERT'
    WHEN 20 THEN 'INSERT OR UPDATE'
    WHEN 28 THEN 'INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE'
    WHEN 24 THEN 'UPDATE OR DELETE'
    WHEN 12 THEN 'INSERT OR DELETE'
    WHEN 32 THEN 'TRUNCATE'
    END AS trigger_event,
    'EXECUTE PROCEDURE ' ||  (SELECT nspname FROM pg_namespace where oid = pc.pronamespace )
    || '.' || proname || '('
    || regexp_replace(replace(trim(trailing '\000' from encode(tgargs,'escape')), '\000',','),'{(.+)}','''{\1}''','g')
    || ')' as action_statement

  FROM pg_trigger trg
    JOIN pg_class tbl on trg.tgrelid = tbl.oid
    JOIN pg_proc pc ON pc.oid = trg.tgfoid
  WHERE trg.tgname not like 'RI_ConstraintTrigger%'
        AND trg.tgname not like 'pg_sync_pg%'
        AND tbl.relnamespace = (SELECT oid FROM pg_namespace where nspname = quote_ident(source_schema) )

  LOOP
    buffer := dest_schema || '.' || quote_ident(rec.trigger_table);
    IF show_details THEN RAISE NOTICE 'Creating trigger % % % ON %...', rec.trigger_name, rec.action_timing, rec.trigger_event, rec.trigger_table; END IF;
    EXECUTE 'CREATE TRIGGER ' || rec.trigger_name || ' ' || rec.action_timing
            || ' ' || rec.trigger_event || ' ON ' || buffer || ' FOR EACH '
            || rec.trigger_level || ' ' || replace(rec.action_statement, source_schema_dot, '');

  END LOOP;

  -- Create views
  FOR object IN
  SELECT table_name::text,
    view_definition
  FROM information_schema.views
  WHERE table_schema = quote_ident(source_schema)

  LOOP
    buffer := dest_schema || '.' || quote_ident(object);
    SELECT replace(view_definition, source_schema_dot, '') INTO v_def
    FROM information_schema.views
    WHERE table_schema = quote_ident(source_schema)
          AND table_name = quote_ident(object);
    IF show_details THEN RAISE NOTICE 'Creating view % AS %', object, regexp_replace(v_def, '[\n\r]+', ' ', 'g'); END IF;
    EXECUTE 'CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW ' || buffer || ' AS ' || v_def || ';' ;

  END LOOP;

  RETURN;

END;

$BODY$
LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
COST 100;

Answer 4

如果通过复制架构表示复制数据库，则只需使用TEMPLATE选项创建副本：CREATE DATABASE dbname_target TEMPLATE dbname_source;

这也会复制数据。因此，如果需要许多副本，您可能需要创建自己的模板。请参阅Template Databases。

如果您只需要架构，那么我建议您将DB DDL脚本置于源代码控制之下（无论如何这是一个好主意）并且有一个单独的（模板化）脚本，它将为您创建架构。基本上你有一个SQL文件，用你的新模式名称替换${schema_name}，然后在数据库上执行这个脚本。这样，如果您对此schema进行了更改，您还可以使用脚本将架构更新为新版本，在这种情况下，您必须为每个用户架构执行此操作。

Answer 5

使用@IdanDavidi的解决方案，我能够解决序列由源模式而非目标模式拥有并引用源模式的情况。

-- Function: clone_schema(text, text)

-- DROP FUNCTION clone_schema(text, text);

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION clone_schema(
    source_schema text,
    dest_schema text,
    include_recs boolean)
  RETURNS void AS
$BODY$

--  This function will clone all sequences, tables, data, views & functions from any existing schema to a new one
-- SAMPLE CALL:
-- SELECT clone_schema('public', 'new_schema', TRUE);

DECLARE
  src_oid          oid;
  tbl_oid          oid;
  func_oid         oid;
  table_rec        record;
  seq_rec          record;
  object           text;
  sequence_        text;
  table_           text;
  buffer           text;
  seq_buffer       text;
  table_buffer     text;
  srctbl           text;
  default_         text;
  column_          text;
  qry              text;
  dest_qry         text;
  v_def            text;
  seqval           bigint;
  sq_last_value    bigint;
  sq_max_value     bigint;
  sq_start_value   bigint;
  sq_increment_by  bigint;
  sq_min_value     bigint;
  sq_cache_value   bigint;
  sq_log_cnt       bigint;
  sq_is_called     boolean;
  sq_is_cycled     boolean;
  sq_cycled        char(10);

BEGIN

-- Check that source_schema exists
  SELECT oid INTO src_oid
    FROM pg_namespace
   WHERE nspname = source_schema;
  IF NOT FOUND
    THEN
    RAISE EXCEPTION 'source schema % does not exist!', source_schema;
    RETURN ;
  END IF;

-- Check that dest_schema does not yet exist
  PERFORM nspname
    FROM pg_namespace
   WHERE nspname = dest_schema;
  IF FOUND
    THEN
    RAISE EXCEPTION 'dest schema % already exists!', dest_schema;
    RETURN ;
  END IF;

  EXECUTE 'CREATE SCHEMA "' || dest_schema || '"';

-- Create tables
  FOR object IN
    SELECT TABLE_NAME::text
      FROM information_schema.tables
     WHERE table_schema = source_schema
       AND table_type = 'BASE TABLE'

  LOOP
    buffer := '"' || dest_schema || '".' || quote_ident(object);
    EXECUTE 'CREATE TABLE ' || buffer || ' (LIKE "' || source_schema || '".' || quote_ident(object)
        || ' INCLUDING ALL);';

    IF include_recs
      THEN
      -- Insert records from source table
      EXECUTE 'INSERT INTO ' || buffer || ' SELECT * FROM "' || source_schema || '".' || quote_ident(object) || ';';
    END IF;

  END LOOP;

--  add FK constraint
  FOR qry IN
    SELECT 'ALTER TABLE "' || dest_schema || '".' || quote_ident(rn.relname)
            || ' ADD CONSTRAINT ' || quote_ident(ct.conname) || ' ' || pg_get_constraintdef(ct.oid) || ';'
      FROM pg_constraint ct
      JOIN pg_class rn ON rn.oid = ct.conrelid
     WHERE connamespace = src_oid
       AND rn.relkind = 'r'
       AND ct.contype = 'f'

    LOOP
      EXECUTE qry;

    END LOOP;

-- Create sequences
  FOR seq_rec IN
    SELECT
      s.sequence_name::text,
      table_name,
      column_name
    FROM information_schema.sequences s
    JOIN (
      SELECT
        substring(column_default from E'^nextval\\(''(?:[^"'']?.*["'']?\\.)?([^'']*)''(?:::text|::regclass)?\\)')::text as seq_name,
        table_name,
        column_name
      FROM information_schema.columns
      WHERE column_default LIKE 'nextval%'
        AND table_schema = source_schema
    ) c ON c.seq_name = s.sequence_name
    WHERE sequence_schema = source_schema
  LOOP
    seq_buffer := quote_ident(dest_schema) || '.' || quote_ident(seq_rec.sequence_name);

    EXECUTE 'CREATE SEQUENCE ' || seq_buffer || ';';

    qry := 'SELECT last_value, max_value, start_value, increment_by, min_value, cache_value, log_cnt, is_cycled, is_called
              FROM "' || source_schema || '".' || quote_ident(seq_rec.sequence_name) || ';';
    EXECUTE qry INTO sq_last_value, sq_max_value, sq_start_value, sq_increment_by, sq_min_value, sq_cache_value, sq_log_cnt, sq_is_cycled, sq_is_called ;

    IF sq_is_cycled
      THEN
        sq_cycled := 'CYCLE';
    ELSE
        sq_cycled := 'NO CYCLE';
    END IF;

    EXECUTE 'ALTER SEQUENCE '   || seq_buffer
            || ' INCREMENT BY ' || sq_increment_by
            || ' MINVALUE '     || sq_min_value
            || ' MAXVALUE '     || sq_max_value
            || ' START WITH '   || sq_start_value
            || ' RESTART '      || sq_min_value
            || ' CACHE '        || sq_cache_value
            || ' OWNED BY '     || quote_ident(dest_schema ) || '.'
                                || quote_ident(seq_rec.table_name) || '.'
                                || quote_ident(seq_rec.column_name) || ' '
            || sq_cycled || ' ;' ;

    IF include_recs
        THEN
            EXECUTE 'SELECT setval( ''' || seq_buffer || ''', ' || sq_last_value || ', ' || sq_is_called || ');' ;
    ELSE
            EXECUTE 'SELECT setval( ''' || seq_buffer || ''', ' || sq_start_value || ', ' || sq_is_called || ');' ;
    END IF;

    table_buffer := quote_ident(dest_schema) || '.' || quote_ident(seq_rec.table_name);

    FOR table_rec IN
      SELECT column_name::text AS column_,
             REPLACE(column_default::text, source_schema, quote_ident(dest_schema)) AS default_
        FROM information_schema.COLUMNS
       WHERE table_schema = dest_schema
         AND TABLE_NAME = seq_rec.table_name
         AND column_default LIKE 'nextval(%' || seq_rec.sequence_name || '%::regclass)'
    LOOP
      EXECUTE 'ALTER TABLE ' || table_buffer || ' ALTER COLUMN ' || table_rec.column_ || ' SET DEFAULT nextval(' || quote_literal(seq_buffer) || '::regclass);';
    END LOOP;

  END LOOP;

-- Create views
  FOR object IN
    SELECT table_name::text,
           view_definition
      FROM information_schema.views
     WHERE table_schema = source_schema

  LOOP
    buffer := '"' || dest_schema || '".' || quote_ident(object);
    SELECT view_definition INTO v_def
      FROM information_schema.views
     WHERE table_schema = source_schema
       AND table_name = quote_ident(object);

    EXECUTE 'CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW ' || buffer || ' AS ' || v_def || ';' ;

  END LOOP;

-- Create functions
  FOR func_oid IN
    SELECT oid
      FROM pg_proc
     WHERE pronamespace = src_oid

  LOOP
    SELECT pg_get_functiondef(func_oid) INTO qry;
    SELECT replace(qry, source_schema, dest_schema) INTO dest_qry;
    EXECUTE dest_qry;

  END LOOP;

  RETURN;

END;

$BODY$
  LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE
  COST 100;

Answer 6

这似乎是我提出的最佳解决方案。

我们的想法是使用带有-O（无所有者）和-o（oids）选项的pg_dump来获取纯文本输出，而不使用源模式和所有者信息。

此类输出我通过 sed 过滤替换默认条目

SET search_path = source_schema, pg_catalog;

使用命令创建新架构并设置默认搜索路径

CREATE SCHEMA new_schema;
SET search_path = new_schema, pg_catalog;

之后，我将流重定向到 psql ，记录到所需的用户和数据库，以便传输模式的副本。

在同一个数据库'b1'中将架构'public'复制到架构'2016'的最终命令如下所示：

pg_dump -U postgres -Oo -n public -d b1 | sed 's/SET search_path = public, pg_catalog;/CREATE SCHEMA "2016";SET search_path = "2016", pg_catalog;/' | psql -U postgres -d b1

请注意，GRANTS不会从源架构转移到新架构。

Answer 7

在只需要表和列（没有约束，键等）的情况下，此简单脚本可能会有所帮助

DO LANGUAGE plpgsql
$body$
DECLARE
   old_schema NAME = 'src_schema';
   new_schema NAME = 'dst_schema';
   tbl TEXT;
   sql TEXT;
BEGIN
  EXECUTE format('CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS %I', new_schema);

  FOR tbl IN
    SELECT table_name
    FROM information_schema.tables
    WHERE table_schema=old_schema
  LOOP
    sql := format(
            'CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS %I.%I '
            'AS '
            'SELECT * FROM %I.%I'
            , new_schema, tbl, old_schema, tbl);
    raise notice 'Sql: %', sql;

    EXECUTE sql;
  END LOOP;
END
$body$;

Answer 8

您可以使用以下简单脚本：

DO LANGUAGE plpgsql
$body$
DECLARE
   old_schema NAME = 'src_schema';
   new_schema NAME = 'dst_schema';
   tbl TEXT;
   sql TEXT;
BEGIN
  EXECUTE format('CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS %I', new_schema);

  FOR tbl IN
    SELECT table_name
    FROM information_schema.tables
    WHERE table_schema=old_schema
  LOOP
    sql := format(
            'CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS %I.%I '
            '(LIKE %I.%I INCLUDING INDEXES INCLUDING CONSTRAINTS)'
            , new_schema, tbl, old_schema, tbl);

    EXECUTE sql;

    sql := format(
            'INSERT INTO %I.%I '
            'SELECT * FROM %I.%I'
            , new_schema, tbl, old_schema, tbl);

    EXECUTE sql;
  END LOOP;
END
$body$;

复制架构并在同一数据库中创建具有不同名称的新架构

8 个答案: