初始化Lookup <int,string =“”> </int,>

时间:2010-03-02 22:11:00

标签: c# linq class lookup

如何在c#?

中的对象初始化程序例程中为属性声明一个新的查找类

E.g。

new Component() { ID = 1, Name = "MOBO", Category = new Lookup<int, string> } 

类别位总是会出现编译错误。


我有一个名为Category的属性,类型为Lookup<int, string>,我希望通过

实例化此属性
new Component() { ID = 1, Name = "MOBO", Category = new Lookup<int, string> };

但我无法克服编译错误。

6 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:22)

根据MSDN文档,Lookup类没有公共构造函数:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb460184.aspx

您可以通过在实现Lookup<TKey, TElement>的对象上调用ToLookup来创建IEnumerable<T>的实例。

您需要执行以下操作:

new Component { ID = 1, Name = "MOBO", Category = new[] { … }.ToLookup(…) }

更新以发表评论:

我不确定你从哪里获得类别信息,所以我会做点什么......

new Component {
    ID = 1, 
    Name = "MOBO", 
    Category = new Dictionary<int, string> { 
        { 3, "Beverages" }
        { 5, "Produce" }
    }.ToLookup(o => o.Key, o => o.Value)
}

我的猜测是你的类别将来自其他一些来源,而不是像我在这里那样实例化字典。

答案 1 :(得分:8)

来自MSDN

没有公共构造函数来创建Lookup<TKey, TElement>的新实例 此外,Lookup<TKey, TElement>对象是不可变的,也就是说,在创建Lookup<TKey, TElement>对象后,您无法添加或删除元素或键。

答案 2 :(得分:3)

这是我对此的尝试。确保密钥是不可变的(Gist)。

public class MultiValueDictionary<TKey, TElement>
: Collection<TElement>, ILookup<TKey, TElement>
{
  public MultiValueDictionary(Func<TElement, TKey> keyForItem)
    : base(new Collection(keyForItem))
  {
  }

  new Collection Items => (Collection)base.Items;

  public IEnumerable<TElement> this[TKey key] => Items[key];
  public bool Contains(TKey key) => Items.Contains(key);
  IEnumerator<IGrouping<TKey, TElement>>
    IEnumerable<IGrouping<TKey, TElement>>.GetEnumerator() => Items.GetEnumerator();

  class Collection
  : KeyedCollection<TKey, Grouping>, IEnumerable<TElement>, IList<TElement>
  {
    Func<TElement, TKey> KeyForItem { get; }

    public Collection(Func<TElement, TKey> keyForItem) => KeyForItem = keyForItem;
    protected override TKey GetKeyForItem(Grouping item) => item.Key;

    public void Add(TElement item)
    {
      var key = KeyForItem(item);
      if (Dictionary != null && Dictionary.TryGetValue(key, out var collection))
        collection.Add(item);
      else
        Add(new Grouping(key) { item });
    }

    public bool Remove(TElement item)
    {
      var key = KeyForItem(item);
      if (Dictionary != null && Dictionary.TryGetValue(key, out var collection)
        && collection.Remove(item))
      {
        if (collection.Count == 0)
          Remove(key);
        return true;
      }
      return false;
    }

    IEnumerator<TElement> IEnumerable<TElement>.GetEnumerator()
    {
      foreach (var group in base.Items)
        foreach (var item in group)
          yield return item;
    }

    const string IndexError = "Indexing not supported.";
    public int IndexOf(TElement item) => throw new NotSupportedException(IndexError);
    public void Insert(int index, TElement item) => Add(item);
    public bool Contains(TElement item) => Items.Contains(item);
    public void CopyTo(TElement[] array, int arrayIndex) =>
    throw new NotSupportedException(IndexError);
    new IEnumerable<TElement> Items => this;
    public bool IsReadOnly => false;
    TElement IList<TElement>.this[int index]
    {
      get => throw new NotSupportedException(IndexError);
      set => throw new NotSupportedException(IndexError);
    }
  }

  class Grouping : Collection<TElement>, IGrouping<TKey, TElement>
  {
    public Grouping(TKey key) => Key = key;
    public TKey Key { get; }
  }
}

答案 3 :(得分:1)

你不能只使用ToLookup;你必须告诉它如何找到键和值:

// from ChaosPandion's code
using System.Linq; // make sure you have the using statement 

var component = new Component()  
{  
    ID = 1,  
    Name = "MOBO",  
    Category = (Lookup<int, string>)
       (new Dictionary<int, string>() { {1, "one"} })
       .ToLookup(p=>p.Key, p=>p.Value)
}  

我不明白你为什么要在这里使用Lookup而不是字典。

答案 4 :(得分:0)

查找与“字典”具有相同的概念,不同之处在于“字典”将键映射到单个值,而“查找”将键映射到多个值。 / p>

这也意味着:

ILookup<string, Category>

可以被视为:

IDictionary<string, IEnumerable<Category>>

要将多个对象/值映射到同一键时,您基本上希望使用ILookup。您可以从任何对象列表中构建一个ILookup,并在其中按某种属性对这些对象进行分组。参见:

public class Product
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public string Category { get; set; }
    public decimal Price { get; set; }
}

var products = new List<Product>();
products.Add(new Product { Name = "TV", Price = 400, Category = "Electronics" });
products.Add(new Product { Name = "Computer", Price = 900, Category = "Electronics" });
products.Add(new Product { Name = "Keyboard", Price = 50, Category = "Electronics" });
products.Add(new Product { Name = "Orange", Price = 2, Category = "Fruits" });
products.Add(new Product { Name = "Grape", Price = 3, Category = "Fruits" });

// group by category
ILookup<string, Product> lookup = products.ToLookup(prod => prod.Category);

foreach (var item in lookup)
{
    // this first loop would run two times
    // because there are two categories: Electronics and Fruits
    string category = item.Key;
    decimal totalPriceForCategory = item.Sum(i => i.Price);

    foreach (var product in item)
    {
        // for the electronics, this would loop three times
        // for the fruits, this would loop two times
        string name = product.Name;
        decimal price = product.Price;
    }
}

您还可以获取以下类别的所有产品:

IEnumerable<Product> eletronics = lookup["Electronics"];
IEnumerable<Product> fruits = lookup["Fruits"];

答案 5 :(得分:0)

如果由于某种原因只需要返回一个空的ILookup,则可以从一个空的字典中返回一个。例如,要制作ILookup<string, int>,可以使用以下代码:

return new Dictionary<string, int>().ToLookup(kvp => kvp.Key, kvp => kvp.Value);

不幸的是,这是我看到的最简洁的方法,而不必创建自己实现ILookup的类。