我正在研究蛇的程序。到目前为止，我有两个类，一个用于游戏的所有逻辑，另一个用作运行游戏的主类。这就是我所拥有的
蛇类：
这是所有常量
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.util.*;
public class Snake {
// GUI components
private JPanel board;
private JButton[] snakeBodyPart;
private JButton bonusfood;
private JTextArea scoreViewer;
// Constants
private final int SNAKE_RUNNING_SPEED_FASTEST = 25;
private final int SNAKE_RUNNING_SPEED_FASTER = 50;
private final int SNAKE_RUNNING_SPEED_FAST = 100;
private final int BOARD_WIDTH = 500;
private final int BOARD_HEIGHT = 250;
private final int SCORE_BOARD_HEIGHT = 20;
private final int SNAKE_LENGTH_DEFAULT = 4;
private final int SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE = 10;
private final int BONUS_FOOD_SQURE = 15;
private final Point INIT_POINT = new Point(100, 150);
// Others values
private enum GAME_TYPE {NO_MAZE, BORDER, TUNNEL};
private int selectedSpeed = SNAKE_RUNNING_SPEED_FASTER;
private GAME_TYPE selectedGameType = GAME_TYPE.NO_MAZE;
private int totalBodyPart;
private int directionX;
private int directionY;
private int score;
private Point pointOfBonusFood = new Point();
private boolean isRunningLeft;
private boolean isRunningRight;
private boolean isRunningUp;
private boolean isRunningDown;
private boolean isBonusFoodAvailable;
private boolean isRunning;
private Random random = new Random();
这是游戏开始的地方
Snake() {
//initialize all variables.
resetDefaultValues();
// initialize GUI.
init();
// Create Initial body of a snake.
createInitSnake();
// Initialize Thread.
isRunning = true;
createThread();
}
这是董事会成立的地方
public void init() {
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Snake");
frame.setSize(500, 330);
//Create Menue bar with functions
setJMenueBar(frame);
// Start of UI design
JPanel scorePanel = new JPanel();
scoreViewer = new JTextArea("Score ==>" + score);
scoreViewer.setEnabled(false);
scoreViewer.setBackground(Color.BLACK);
board = new JPanel();
board.setLayout(null);
board.setBounds(0, 0, BOARD_WIDTH, BOARD_HEIGHT);
board.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
scorePanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(0, 1));
scorePanel.setBounds(0, BOARD_HEIGHT, BOARD_WIDTH, SCORE_BOARD_HEIGHT);
scorePanel.setBackground(Color.RED);
scorePanel.add(scoreViewer); // will contain score board
frame.getContentPane().setLayout(null);
frame.getContentPane().add(board);
frame.getContentPane().add(scorePanel);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
snakeKeyPressed(e);
}
});
frame.setResizable(false);
}
这是菜单
public void setJMenueBar(JFrame frame) {
JMenuBar mymbar = new JMenuBar();
JMenu game = new JMenu("Game");
JMenuItem newgame = new JMenuItem("New Game");
JMenuItem exit = new JMenuItem("Exit");
newgame.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
startNewGame();
}
});
exit.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
game.add(newgame);
game.addSeparator();
game.add(exit);
mymbar.add(game);
JMenu type = new JMenu("Type");
JMenuItem noMaze = new JMenuItem("No Maze");
noMaze.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
selectedGameType = GAME_TYPE.NO_MAZE;
startNewGame();
}
});
JMenuItem border = new JMenuItem("Border Maze");
border.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
selectedGameType = GAME_TYPE.BORDER;
startNewGame();
}
});
type.add(noMaze);
type.add(border);
mymbar.add(type);
JMenu level = new JMenu("Level");
JMenuItem level1 = new JMenuItem("Level 1");
level1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
selectedSpeed = SNAKE_RUNNING_SPEED_FAST;
startNewGame();
}
});
JMenuItem level2 = new JMenuItem("Level 2");
level2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
selectedSpeed = SNAKE_RUNNING_SPEED_FASTER;
startNewGame();
}
});
JMenuItem level3 = new JMenuItem("Level 3");
level3.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
selectedSpeed = SNAKE_RUNNING_SPEED_FASTEST;
startNewGame();
}
});
level.add(level1);
level.add(level2);
level.add(level3);
mymbar.add(level);
JMenu help = new JMenu("Help");
JMenuItem creator = new JMenuItem("Creator");
JMenuItem instruction = new JMenuItem("Instraction");
creator.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Author: Jack Moffe");
}
});
help.add(creator);
help.add(instruction);
mymbar.add(help);
frame.setJMenuBar(mymbar);
}
这会重置所有值
public void resetDefaultValues() {
snakeBodyPart = new JButton[2000];
totalBodyPart = SNAKE_LENGTH_DEFAULT;
directionX = SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE;
directionY = 0;
score = 0;
isRunningLeft = false;
isRunningRight = true;
isRunningUp = true;
isRunningDown = true;
isBonusFoodAvailable = false;
}
void startNewGame() {
resetDefaultValues();
board.removeAll();
createInitSnake();
scoreViewer.setText("Score==>" + score);
isRunning = true;
}
这种方法负责用四个身体部位初始化蛇。
public void createInitSnake() {
// Location of the snake's head.
int x = (int) INIT_POINT.getX();
int y = (int) INIT_POINT.getY();
// Initially the snake has three body part.
for (int i = 0; i < totalBodyPart; i++) {
snakeBodyPart[i] = new JButton();
snakeBodyPart[i].setBounds(x, y, SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE, SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE);
snakeBodyPart[i].setBackground(Color.GRAY);
board.add(snakeBodyPart[i]);
// Set location of the next body part of the snake.
x = x - SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE;
}
// Create food.
createFood();
}
这种方法负责创造蛇的食物。 这条蛇的最后一部分被视为食物，尚未成为蛇的身体部分。 当且仅当蛇头接触它时，这种食物才会成为身体的一部分。
void createFood() {
int randomX = SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE + (SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE * random.nextInt(48));
int randomY = SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE + (SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE * random.nextInt(23));
snakeBodyPart[totalBodyPart] = new JButton();
snakeBodyPart[totalBodyPart].setEnabled(false);
snakeBodyPart[totalBodyPart].setBounds(randomX, randomY, SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE, SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE);
board.add(snakeBodyPart[totalBodyPart]);
totalBodyPart++;
}
private void createBonusFood() {
bonusfood = new JButton();
bonusfood.setEnabled(false);
//Set location of the bonus food.
int bonusFoodLocX = SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE * random.nextInt(50);
int bonusFoodLocY = SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE * random.nextInt(25);
bonusfood.setBounds(bonusFoodLocX, bonusFoodLocY, BONUS_FOOD_SQURE, BONUS_FOOD_SQURE);
pointOfBonusFood = bonusfood.getLocation();
board.add(bonusfood);
isBonusFoodAvailable = true;
}
处理蛇的下一步。 并决定应该做什么。 即蛇正在做什么以及如何回应
void processNextStep() {
boolean isBorderTouched = false;
// Generate new location of snake head.
int newHeadLocX = (int) snakeBodyPart[0].getLocation().getX() + directionX;
int newHeadLocY = (int) snakeBodyPart[0].getLocation().getY() + directionY;
// Most last part of the snake is food.
int foodLocX = (int) snakeBodyPart[totalBodyPart - 1].getLocation().getX();
int foodLocY = (int) snakeBodyPart[totalBodyPart - 1].getLocation().getY();
// Check does snake cross the border of the board?
if (newHeadLocX >= BOARD_WIDTH - SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE) {
newHeadLocX = 0;
isBorderTouched = true;
} else if (newHeadLocX <= 0) {
newHeadLocX = BOARD_WIDTH - SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE;
isBorderTouched = true;
} else if (newHeadLocY >= BOARD_HEIGHT - SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE) {
newHeadLocY = 0;
isBorderTouched = true;
} else if (newHeadLocY <= 0) {
newHeadLocY = BOARD_HEIGHT - SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE;
isBorderTouched = true;
}
// Check has snake touched the food?
if (newHeadLocX == foodLocX && newHeadLocY == foodLocY) {
// Set score.
score += 5;
scoreViewer.setText("Score==>" + score);
// Check bonus food should be given or not?
if (score % 50 == 0 && !isBonusFoodAvailable) {
createBonusFood();
}
// Create new food.
createFood();
}
// Check has snake touched the bonus food?
if (isBonusFoodAvailable &&
pointOfBonusFood.x <= newHeadLocX &&
pointOfBonusFood.y <= newHeadLocY &&
(pointOfBonusFood.x + SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE) >= newHeadLocX &&
(pointOfBonusFood.y + SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE) >= newHeadLocY) {
board.remove(bonusfood);
score += 100;
scoreViewer.setText("Score ==>" + score);
isBonusFoodAvailable = false;
}
// Check is game over?
if(isGameOver(isBorderTouched, newHeadLocX, newHeadLocY)) {
scoreViewer.setText("GAME OVER " + score);
isRunning = false;
return;
} else {
// Move the whole snake body to forword.
moveSnakeForword(newHeadLocX, newHeadLocY);
}
board.repaint();
}
这种方法负责检测游戏结束与否？ 游戏应该结束，而蛇被任何迷宫或自己触及。
private boolean isGameOver(boolean isBorderTouched, int headLocX, int headLocY) {
switch(selectedGameType) {
case BORDER:
if(isBorderTouched) {
return true;
}
break;
case TUNNEL:
// TODO put logic here...
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
default:
break;
}
for (int i = SNAKE_LENGTH_DEFAULT; i < totalBodyPart - 2; i++) {
Point partLoc = snakeBodyPart[i].getLocation();
System.out.println("("+partLoc.x +", "+partLoc.y+") ("+headLocX+", "+headLocY+")");
if (partLoc.equals(new Point(headLocX, headLocY))) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/**
* Every body part should be placed to location of the front part.
* For example if part:0(100,150) , part: 1(90, 150), part:2(80,150) and new head location (110,150) then,
Location of part:2 should be (80,150) to (90,150), part:1 will be (90,150) to (100,150) and part:3 will be (100,150) to (110,150)
* This movement process should be start from the last part to first part.
* We must avoid the food that means most last body part of the snake.
* Notice that we write (totalBodyPart - 2) instead of (totalBodyPart - 1).
* (totalBodyPart - 1) means food and (totalBodyPart - 2) means tail.
* @param headLocX
* @param headLocY
*/
public void moveSnakeForword(int headLocX, int headLocY) {
for (int i = totalBodyPart - 2; i > 0; i--) {
Point frontBodyPartPoint = snakeBodyPart[i - 1].getLocation();
snakeBodyPart[i].setLocation(frontBodyPartPoint);
}
snakeBodyPart[0].setBounds(headLocX, headLocY, SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE, SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE);
}
public void snakeKeyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
// snake should move to left when player pressed left arrow
if (isRunningLeft == true && e.getKeyCode() == 37) {
directionX = -SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE; // means snake move right to left by 10 pixel
directionY = 0;
isRunningRight = false; // means snake cant move from left to right
isRunningUp = true; // means snake can move from down to up
isRunningDown = true; // means snake can move from up to down
}
// snake should move to up when player pressed up arrow
if (isRunningUp == true && e.getKeyCode() == 38) {
directionX = 0;
directionY = -SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE; // means snake move from down to up by 10 pixel
isRunningDown = false; // means snake can move from up to down
isRunningRight = true; // means snake can move from left to right
isRunningLeft = true; // means snake can move from right to left
}
// snake should move to right when player pressed right arrow
if (isRunningRight == true && e.getKeyCode() == 39) {
directionX = +SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE; // means snake move from left to right by 10 pixel
directionY = 0;
isRunningLeft = false;
isRunningUp = true;
isRunningDown = true;
}
// snake should move to down when player pressed down arrow
if (isRunningDown == true && e.getKeyCode() == 40) {
directionX = 0;
directionY = +SNAKE_BODY_PART_SQURE; // means snake move from left to right by 10 pixel
isRunningUp = false;
isRunningRight = true;
isRunningLeft = true;
}
}
private void createThread() {
// start thread
Thread thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
runIt();
}
});
thread.start(); // go to runIt() method
}
public void runIt() {
while (true) {
if(isRunning) {
// Process what should be next step of the snake.
processNextStep();
try {
Thread.sleep(selectedSpeed);
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
ie.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
主要课程：
public class Main {
/**
* @param args the command line arguments
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Snake();
}
}
我的问题是，当我运行游戏时，指示将无效。蛇只是自动向一个方向移动而没有任何其他方向。
您怎么看？
答案 0 :(得分：2)
请勿使用KeyListener，尤其是在JFrame等顶级容器上。
KeyListener只会在注册的组件具有焦点并且具有焦点时才会引发关键事件。 JFrame有一个JRootPane内容，可能还有一个玻璃窗格，每次接收键盘焦点时都可以阻挡框架（在你向它添加任何其他组件之前）。
相反，请使用key bindings API，这样您就可以定义关键事件的提升级别
不要使用null布局。像素完美布局是现代UI设计中的一种幻觉，您无法控制字体，DPI，渲染管道或其他因素，这些因素将改变组件在屏幕上呈现的方式。
Swing旨在与布局管理员合作以克服这些问题。如果你坚持忽略这些功能并违背API设计，那就要做好准备应对很多令人头疼的事情，永远不要过时努力......
答案 1 :(得分：1)
我使用addkeyListener。我从键盘输入指令，然后使用开关进行识别。然后进入相应的执行步骤，并将其传递到相应的方法中以实现蛇的移动。
public synchronized void run() {
while (true) {
frame.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int code = e.getKeyCode();
switch (code) {
case KeyEvent.VK_UP:
snakeGame.changeDirection(UP_Direction);
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_DOWN:
snakeGame.changeDirection(DOWN_Direction);
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT:
snakeGame.changeDirection(LEFT_Direction);
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT:
snakeGame.changeDirection(RIGHT_Direction);
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_SPACE:
pause=true;
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE:
System.exit(0);
default:
break;
}
}
});