Question

这不是一个问题，但是发布这个是为了评论，因为我不记得以前看过这种方法。我回答了对之前回答的评论，并尝试了以前我没有尝过的事情：结果很有趣所以我虽然将它作为一个独立的问题发布，并附有我自己的答案。

在SO（以及许多其他论坛）上出现了许多关于“我的用户定义函数有什么问题”的问题，答案是“你无法从UDF更新工作表” - 这个这里列出的限制：

Description of limitations of custom functions in Excel

已经描述了一些方法来克服这个问题。看到这里（https://sites.google.com/site/e90e50/excel-formula-to-change-the-value-of-another-cell），但我不认为我的确切方法是其中之一。

另请参阅：changing cell comments from a UDF

Answer 1

发布回复，以便我可以标记自己的问题＆＃34;有答案。

我已经看过其他解决方法，但这看起来更简单，我觉得它很有用。

Sub ChangeIt(c1 As Range, c2 As Range)
    c1.Value = c2.Value
    c1.Interior.Color = IIf(c1.Value > 10, vbRed, vbYellow)
End Sub


'########  run as a UDF, this actually changes the sheet ##############
' changing value in c2 updates c1...
Function SetIt(src, dest)

    dest.Parent.Evaluate "Changeit(" & dest.Address(False, False) & "," _
                        & src.Address(False, False) & ")"

    SetIt = "Changed sheet!" 'or whatever return value is useful...

End Function

如果您有相关的有趣申请，请发布其他答案。

注意：未经测试的任何真实＆＃34;生产＆＃34;应用。

Answer 2

MSDN KB不正确。

它说

工作表单元格中的公式调用的用户定义函数无法更改Microsoft Excel的环境。这意味着这样的功能不能执行以下任何操作：

在电子表格中插入，删除或格式化单元格。
更改其他单元格的值。
移动，重命名，删除或向工作簿添加工作表。
更改任何环境选项，例如计算模式或屏幕视图。
将名称添加到工作簿。
设置属性或执行大多数方法。

在下面的代码中，您可以轻松地看到第1,2,4和5点。

Function SetIt(RefCell)
    RefCell.Parent.Evaluate "SetColor(" & RefCell.Address(False, False) & ")"
    RefCell.Parent.Evaluate "SetValue(" & RefCell.Address(False, False) & ")"
    RefCell.Parent.Evaluate "AddName(" & RefCell.Address(False, False) & ")"

    MsgBox Application.EnableEvents
    RefCell.Parent.Evaluate "ChangeEvents(" & RefCell.Address(False, False) & ")"
    MsgBox Application.EnableEvents

    SetIt = ""
End Function

'~~> Format cells on the spreadsheet.
Sub SetColor(RefCell As Range)
    RefCell.Interior.ColorIndex = 3 '<~~ Change color to red
End Sub

'~~> Change another cell's value.
Sub SetValue(RefCell As Range)
   RefCell.Offset(, 1).Value = "Sid"
End Sub

'~~> Add names to a workbook.
Sub AddName(RefCell As Range)
   RefCell.Name = "Sid"
End Sub

'~~> Change events
Sub ChangeEvents(RefCell As Range)
    Application.EnableEvents = False
End Sub

Answer 3

我知道这是一个旧线程，并且不确定是否有人发现了这个问题，但是我发现不仅可以从UDF添加，删除或修改形状，还可以添加{{ 1}}。我正在构建一个外接程序，它使用此概念在给定一定范围的值的情况下返回SQL数据，以代替数组函数的Querytables方法，因为我的许多最终用户对Excel的了解都不足够它们的用途，

注意：下面的代码在测试阶段是100％，并且有很大的改进空间，但是它确实说明了这一概念。这也是一段不错的代码，但我不想提出任何疑问。

Ctrl+Shift+Enter

表值函数，该函数将分隔的字符串解析为表变量：

Option Explicit

Public Function GetPNAverages(ByRef RangeSource As Range) As Variant

 Dim arrySheet As Variant
 Dim lngRowCount As Long, i As Long
 Dim strSQL As String
 Dim rngOut As Range
 Dim objQryTbl As QueryTable
 Dim dictSQLData As Dictionary
 Dim RcrdsetReturned As ADODB.Recordset, RcrdsetOut As ADODB.Recordset
 Dim Conn As ADODB.Connection

    Application.ScreenUpdating = False

    If RangeSource.Columns.Count > 1 Then
        MsgBox "The input Range cannot be more than" _
        & " a single column.", vbCritical + vbOKOnly, "Error:" _
        & " Invalid Range Dimensions"
        Exit Function
    End If

    lngRowCount = RangeSource.Rows.Count

    If RngHasData(Application.Caller.Address, lngRowCount) Then Exit Function

    arrySheet = RangeSource

        strSQL = ArryToDelimStr(arrySheet, lngRowCount)

        If Not GetRecordSet(strSQL, "JDE.GetPNAveragesTEST", _
                            "@STR_PN", RcrdsetReturned, Conn) Then GoTo StopExecution

        Call BuildDictionary(dictSQLData, RcrdsetReturned, lngRowCount)

        Call LeftOuterJoin(dictSQLData, arrySheet, RcrdsetOut, lngRowCount)

        GetPNAverages = dictSQLData.Item(RangeSource.Cells(1, 1).Value2) 'first value

    If lngRowCount > 1 Then
        'Place query table below first cell
        Set rngOut = Range(Application.Caller.Address).Offset(1, 0)

        'add query table to the range
        Set objQryTbl = ActiveWorkbook.ActiveSheet.QueryTables.Add(RcrdsetOut, rngOut)
        With objQryTbl
            .FieldNames = False
            .RefreshStyle = xlOverwriteCells
            .BackgroundQuery = False
            .AdjustColumnWidth = False
            .PreserveColumnInfo = True
            .PreserveFormatting = True
            .Refresh
        End With

        'deletes any query table from _
        ots destination range to avoid _
        having external connections
        rngOut.QueryTable.Delete
    End If

StopExecution:
    Application.ScreenUpdating = True
    Application.EnableEvents = True
    If Not Conn Is Nothing Then: If Conn.State > 0 Then Conn.Close
    If Not RcrdsetReturned Is Nothing Then: If RcrdsetReturned.State > 0 Then RcrdsetReturned.Close
    If Not RcrdsetOut Is Nothing Then: If RcrdsetOut.State > 0 Then RcrdsetOut.Close
    Set Conn = Nothing
    Set RcrdsetReturned = Nothing
    Set RcrdsetOut = Nothing

End Function

Private Function GetRecordSet(ByRef strDelimIn As String, ByVal strStoredProcName As String, _
                              ByVal strStrdProcParam As String, ByRef RcrdsetIn As ADODB.Recordset, _
                              ByRef ConnIn As ADODB.Connection) As Boolean

 Dim Cmnd As ADODB.Command
 Const strConn = "Provider=VersionOfSQL;User ID=************;Password=************;" & _ 
                 "Data Source=ServerName;Initial Catalog=DataBaseName"

  On Error GoTo ErrQueryingData
  Set ConnIn = New ADODB.Connection
      ConnIn.CursorLocation = adUseClient   'this is key for query table to work
      ConnIn.Open strConn

    Set Cmnd = New ADODB.Command
        With Cmnd
            .CommandType = adCmdStoredProc
            .CommandText = strStoredProcName
            .CommandTimeout = 300
            .ActiveConnection = ConnIn
        End With

        Set RcrdsetIn = New ADODB.Recordset
            Cmnd.Parameters(strStrdProcParam).Value = strDelimIn
            RcrdsetIn.CursorType = adOpenKeyset
            RcrdsetIn.LockType = adLockReadOnly
            Set RcrdsetIn = Cmnd.Execute

        If RcrdsetIn.EOF Or RcrdsetIn.BOF Then GoTo ErrQueryingData Else GetRecordSet = True

        Set Cmnd = Nothing
        Exit Function

ErrQueryingData:
    If Not ConnIn Is Nothing Then: If ConnIn.State > 0 Then ConnIn.Close
    If Not RcrdsetIn Is Nothing Then: If RcrdsetIn.State > 0 Then RcrdsetIn.Close
    Set ConnIn = Nothing
    Set RcrdsetIn = Nothing
    Set Cmnd = Nothing

    'Sometimes the error numer <> > 0 hence the else statement
    If Err.Number > 0 Then
        MsgBox "Error Number: " & Err.Number & "- " & Err.Description & _
               " , occured while attempting to exectute the query.", _
               vbCritical, "Error: " & Err.Number
    Else
        MsgBox "An error occured while attempting to execute the query. " & _
               "Try typing the formula again. If the issue persits" & _
               "please contact (Developer Name).", vbCritical, _
               "Error: Could Not Query Data"
    End If

End Function

Private Sub BuildDictionary(ByRef dictToReturn As Dictionary, ByRef RcrdsetIn As ADODB.Recordset, _
                            ByVal lngRowCountIn As Long)

    'building a second recordset because I only want one field from the
    'recordset returned by 'GetRecordSet', and I cannot subset it
    'using any properties of the query table that I know of

    Set dictToReturn = New Dictionary
        dictToReturn.CompareMode = BinaryCompare

        With RcrdsetIn
            If lngRowCountIn > 1 Then

                .MoveFirst

                Do While Not RcrdsetIn.EOF
                    'Populate dictionary with key=LookUpValues; Item=ReturnValues
                    If Not dictToReturn.Exists(.Fields(0).Value) Then
                        dictToReturn(.Fields(0).Value) = .Fields(1).Value
                    End If

                    .MoveNext
                Loop

            Else 'only 1 value
                dictToReturn(.Fields(0).Value) = .Fields(1).Value
            End If
        End With

End Sub

Private Sub LeftOuterJoin(ByRef dictIn As Dictionary, ByRef arryInPut As Variant, _
                          ByRef RcrdsetToReturn As ADODB.Recordset, ByVal lngRowCountIn As Long)

 Dim i As Long
 Dim varKey As Variant

    If lngRowCountIn = 1 Then Exit Sub

    Set RcrdsetToReturn = New ADODB.Recordset

        With RcrdsetToReturn
            .Fields.Append "Field1", adVariant, 10, adFldMayBeNull
            .CursorType = adOpenKeyset
            .LockType = adLockBatchOptimistic
            .CursorLocation = adUseClient
            .Open

            If Not .BOF Then .MoveNext

            'LBound(arryInPut, 1) + 1 skip first value of array
            For i = LBound(arryInPut, 1) + 1 To UBound(arryInPut, 1)
                .AddNew

                varKey = arryInPut(i, 1)

                    If dictIn.Exists(varKey) Then
                        .Fields(0).Value = dictIn.Item(varKey)
                    Else
                        .Fields(0).Value = "DNE"
                    End If

                varKey = Empty

                .Update
                .MoveNext
            Next i
        End With

End Sub

Private Function ArryToDelimStr(ByRef arryFromRngIn As Variant, ByVal lngRowCountIn As Long) As String

 Dim arryOutPut() As Variant
 Dim i As Long
 Const strDelim As String = "|"

        If lngRowCountIn = 1 Then
            ArryToDelimStr = arryFromRngIn
            Exit Function
        End If

        'Note: 1-based to match the worksheet array
        ReDim arryOutPut(1 To lngRowCountIn)

            For i = LBound(arryFromRngIn, 1) To lngRowCountIn
                arryOutPut(i) = arryFromRngIn(i, 1)
            Next i

        ArryToDelimStr = Join(arryOutPut, strDelim)

End Function

Public Function RngHasData(ByVal strCallAddress As String, ByVal lngRowCountIn As Long) As Boolean

 Dim strRangeBegin As String, strRangeOut As String, _
     strCheckUserInput As String
 Dim lngRangeBegin As Long, lngRangeEnd As Long

    strRangeBegin = StripNumbers(strCallAddress)
    lngRangeBegin = StripText(strCallAddress)
    lngRangeEnd = lngRangeBegin + lngRowCountIn

    strRangeOut = strCallAddress & ":" & strRangeBegin & CStr(lngRangeEnd)

        If Application.CountA(ActiveSheet.Range(strRangeOut)) > 1 Then

        strCheckUserInput = MsgBox("There is data in range " & strRangeOut & " are you sure" & _
                                    "that you want to overwrite it?", vbInformation _
                                    + vbYesNo, "Alert: Data In This Range")

            If strCheckUserInput = vbNo Then RngHasData = True
        End If

End Function

Private Function StripText(ByRef strIn As String) As Long
    With CreateObject("vbscript.regexp")
        .Global = True
        .Pattern = "[^\d]+"
        StripText = CLng(.Replace(strIn, vbNullString))
    End With
End Function


Private Function StripNumbers(strIn As String) As String
    With CreateObject("VBScript.RegExp")
        .Global = True
        .Pattern = "\d+"
        StripNumbers = .Replace(strIn, "")
    End With
End Function

存储过程已使用：

SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fn_Get_REGDelimStringToTable (@STR_IN NVARCHAR(MAX))
RETURNS @TableOut TABLE(ReturnedCol NVARCHAR(4000))
AS
    BEGIN 
            DECLARE @XML xml = N'<r><![CDATA[' + REPLACE(@STR_IN, '|', ']]></r><r><![CDATA[') + ']]></r>' 
            INSERT INTO @TableOut(ReturnedCol)
            SELECT RTRIM(LTRIM(T.c.value('.', 'NVARCHAR(4000)')))
            FROM @xml.nodes('//r') T(c)
    RETURN
    END
GO

在Excel中使用UDF更新工作表

3 个答案: