Question

的 TL;博士
如何将Ada源代码编译为适合运行iOS链接的iPad目标上的应用程序的静态库文件？（GCC不是必需的。也欢迎使用LLVM或其他解决方案！）

我有一个大型的便携式Ada代码库，我想在iPad / iOS项目中使用它。我的主机操作系统是Mac OS X 10.9（使用MacPorts在/opt/local上运行GCC 4.8.1）。为此，我尝试使用Ada支持构建GCC ARM交叉编译器。

我能够构建一个可以创建ARM可执行文件的工作GCC和GNAT，但我似乎无法构建或安装Ada标准库，这是构建我的Ada代码所必需的

我使用的源包：

gcc-4.8.1
binutils-2.24
libiconv-1.14
gmp-5.1.3
mpc-1.0.2
mpfr-3.1.2

GCC构建配置：

$ bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc -v --version
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/Users/ardnew/cross/libexec/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/lto-wrapper
arm-none-eabi-gcc (GCC) 4.8.1
Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.


Target: arm-none-eabi
Configured with: /Users/ardnew/cross/src/gcc-4.8.1/configure --target=arm-none-eabi --prefix=/Users/ardnew/cross --with-cpu=cortex-a8 --enable-languages=c,ada --disable-multilib --enable-interwork --disable-threads --disable-shared --disable-nls --disable-lto --disable-libssp --disable-decimal-float --disable-libgomp --disable-libmudflap
Thread model: single
gcc version 4.8.1 (GCC)
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '--version' '-mcpu=cortex-a8'
 /Users/ardnew/cross/libexec/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/cc1 -quiet -v -D__USES_INITFINI__ help-dummy -quiet -dumpbase help-dummy -mcpu=cortex-a8 -auxbase help-dummy -version --version -o /var/folders/4c/y_sll7bj6b9bt15389wr66_80000gn/T//ccrSSKFx.s
GNU C (GCC) version 4.8.1 (arm-none-eabi)
  compiled by GNU C version 4.8.1, GMP version 5.1.3, MPFR version 3.1.2, MPC version 1.0.2
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '--version' '-mcpu=cortex-a8'
 /Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/as -mcpu=cortex-a8 -meabi=5 --version -o /var/folders/4c/y_sll7bj6b9bt15389wr66_80000gn/T//ccZYvQLp.o /var/folders/4c/y_sll7bj6b9bt15389wr66_80000gn/T//ccrSSKFx.s
GNU assembler (GNU Binutils) 2.24
Copyright 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This program is free software; you may redistribute it under the terms of
the GNU General Public License version 3 or later.
This program has absolutely no warranty.
This assembler was configured for a target of `arm-none-eabi'.
COMPILER_PATH=/Users/ardnew/cross/libexec/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/:/Users/ardnew/cross/libexec/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/:/Users/ardnew/cross/libexec/gcc/arm-none-eabi/:/Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/:/Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/:/Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/
LIBRARY_PATH=/Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/:/Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '--version' '-mcpu=cortex-a8'
 /Users/ardnew/cross/libexec/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/collect2 -X --version /Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/crti.o /Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/crtbegin.o crt0.o -L/Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1 -L/Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib /var/folders/4c/y_sll7bj6b9bt15389wr66_80000gn/T//ccZYvQLp.o --start-group -lgcc -lc --end-group /Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/crtend.o /Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/crtn.o
collect2 version 4.8.1
/Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld -X --version /Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/crti.o /Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/crtbegin.o crt0.o -L/Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1 -L/Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib /var/folders/4c/y_sll7bj6b9bt15389wr66_80000gn/T//ccZYvQLp.o --start-group -lgcc -lc --end-group /Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/crtend.o /Users/ardnew/cross/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.1/crtn.o
GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.24
Copyright 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This program is free software; you may redistribute it under the terms of
the GNU General Public License version 3 or (at your option) a later version.
This program has absolutely no warranty.

测试程序以确保构建ARM二进制文件：

$ cat told_unit1.adb told_unit1.ads

--
-- FILE: told_unit1.adb
--
with Ada.Text_IO;
use Ada.Text_IO;

package body told_unit1 is

  procedure hello is
  begin
    put_line("hello, world");
  end hello;

  function double(x : in float) return float is
  begin
    return x + x;
  end double;

end told_unit1;


--
-- FILE: told_unit1.ads
--
package told_unit1 is

  procedure hello;
  pragma Export
  (
    convention     =>  C,
    entity         =>  hello,
    external_name  =>  "ada_hello"
  );

  function double(x : in float) return float;
  pragma Export
  (
    convention     =>  C,
    entity         =>  double,
    external_name  =>  "ada_double"
  );

end told_unit1;

然后编译Ada代码并使用file检查它：

$ arm-none-eabi-gcc -c told_unit1.adb

$ file told_unit1.o
told_unit1.o: ELF 32-bit LSB relocatable, ARM, version 1 (SYSV), not stripped

然后当我尝试绑定库对象文件时，它会呕吐：

$ arm-none-eabi-gnatbind -aO$ADA_OBJECT_PATH -Ltold told_unit1
error: "a-textio.ali" not found, "a-textio.adb" must be compiled

回到我的GCC构建日志，我发现libada（我认为是GNAT的一部分）并没有被构建。当我尝试从GCC构建目录运行make all-target-libada时，它最终会告诉我：

Configuring in arm-none-eabi/libada
configure: loading cache ./config.cache
checking build system type... x86_64-apple-darwin13.1.0
checking host system type... arm-none-eabi
checking target system type... arm-none-eabi
checking for arm-none-eabi-gcc...  /Users/ardnew/cross/src/gcc-4.8.1-obj/./gcc/xgcc -B/Users/ardnew/cross/src/gcc-4.8.1-obj/./gcc/ -B/Users/ardnew/cross/arm-none-eabi/bin/ -B/Users/ardnew/cross/arm-none-eabi/lib/ -isystem /Users/ardnew/cross/arm-none-eabi/include -isystem /Users/ardnew/cross/arm-none-eabi/sys-include
checking for C compiler default output file name...
configure: error: in `/Users/ardnew/cross/src/gcc-4.8.1-obj/arm-none-eabi/libada':
configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables
See `config.log' for more details.
make: *** [configure-target-libada] Error 1

所以我去检查它引用的config.log并找到以下内容：

configure:2351: $? = 0
configure:2340:  /Users/ardnew/cross/src/gcc-4.8.1-obj/./gcc/xgcc -B/Users/ardnew/cross/src/gcc-4.8.1-obj/./gcc/ -B/Users/ardnew/cross/arm-none-eabi/bin/ -B/Users/ardnew/cross/arm-none-eabi/lib/ -isystem /Users/ardnew/cross/arm-none-eabi/include -isystem /Users/ardnew/cross/arm-none-eabi/sys-include    -v >&5
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/Users/ardnew/cross/src/gcc-4.8.1-obj/./gcc/lto-wrapper
Target: arm-none-eabi
Configured with: /Users/ardnew/cross/src/gcc-4.8.1/configure --target=arm-none-eabi --prefix=/Users/ardnew/cross --with-cpu=cortex-a8 --enable-languages=c,ada --disable-multilib --enable-interwork --disable-threads --disable-shared --disable-nls --disable-lto --disable-libssp --disable-decimal-float --disable-libgomp --disable-libmudflap
configure:2351: $? = 0
xgcc: error: unrecognized command line option '-qversion'
xgcc: fatal error: no input files
compilation terminated.
configure:2351: $? = 1
configure:2371: checking for C compiler default output file name
configure:2393:  /Users/ardnew/cross/src/gcc-4.8.1-obj/./gcc/xgcc -B/Users/ardnew/cross/src/gcc-4.8.1-obj/./gcc/ -B/Users/ardnew/cross/arm-none-eabi/bin/ -B/Users/ardnew/cross/arm-none-eabi/lib/ -isystem /Users/ardnew/cross/arm-none-eabi/include -isystem /Users/ardnew/cross/arm-none-eabi/sys-include    -g -O2   conftest.c  >&5
/Users/ardnew/cross/arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: cannot find crt0.o: No such file or directory
/Users/ardnew/cross/arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: cannot find -lg
/Users/ardnew/cross/arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: cannot find -lc
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
configure:2397: $? = 1
configure:2434: result:
configure: failed program was:
| /* confdefs.h */
| #define PACKAGE_NAME ""
| #define PACKAGE_TARNAME ""
| #define PACKAGE_VERSION ""
| #define PACKAGE_STRING ""
| #define PACKAGE_BUGREPORT ""
| #define PACKAGE_URL ""
| /* end confdefs.h.  */
|
| int
| main ()
| {
|
|   ;
|   return 0;
| }
configure:2440: error: in `/Users/ardnew/cross/src/gcc-4.8.1-obj/arm-none-eabi/libada':
configure:2444: error: C compiler cannot create executables
See `config.log' for more details.

所以在这一点上，我已经超越了我的头脑，并不确定接下来该做什么。看起来我可能错过了ARM的C运行时库吗？

为ARM目标配置GNAT / libada的任何帮助都会很棒。

或者 - 是否有更简单的方法来链接来自Xcode iOS项目的Ada库？

Answer 1

不幸的是，答案是没有自动魔术工具来实现这一目标。您可以使用工具在事后验证翻译，但您想要的还没有。

我过去不得不处理同样的问题。一个不同的答案也会大大改变我项目的预算之一。也许有一天。

虽然我承认，但我认为最终存在足够的不兼容性，您的来源需要彻底改变 - 降低您希望在此实现的价值。最后，如果你能负担得起的话，新的投资是一个无赖，但会产生更好的来源。

Ada针对iOS目标的交叉编译器

1 个答案: