Question

我在小型大学练习中遇到了麻烦。我应该捕获异常，ORA-02292是具体的，我这样做，但由于某种原因，sqldeveloper在第14行给了我一个ORA-06512，这是我引发应用程序错误的地方。这是代码：

Declare

  v_job_id job.job_id%TYPE := &Job_ID;
  v_error_constraint exception;
  PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(v_error_constraint, -2292);

Begin

  Delete from job
    Where job_id = v_job_id;

Exception

  When v_error_constraint then
   raise_application_error(-20001, 'You are trying to delete a job associated to an employee.');

End;

正如我所说，sqldeveloepr告诉我第14行有一个ORA-06512，我无法理解这是怎么回事。

第14行是：

raise_application_error(-20001, 'You are trying to delete a job associated to an employee.');

顺便说一下。

希望你们能帮帮我。

谢谢！

Answer 1

开发程序员定义的异常

检查您的EXCEPTION阻止。您遇到的错误：ORA-06512警告代码中存在未处理的错误。我重新安排了你的OP中的PL / SQL块，看看我能得到什么样的结果：

[SQL Fiddle][1]

**Oracle 11g R2 Schema Setup**:
-- Stack Overflow Exception Handling

create table job
   ( job_id number  primary key,
     job_name varchar2(200),
     create_date date  
   );

create table employee
   ( ename varchar2(40),
     depno number,
     job_assignment number,
     hire_date date,
        constraint fk_job
        foreign key (job_assignment)
        references job (job_id)
   );

-- Our server does not have DBMS_OUTPUT enabled.  This log table
-- will serve as our programs and their outputs for review.

create table log_table
   ( log_date date,
     message varchar2(2000)
);

-- This utility procedure is *highly* reusable.  I added this
--  to the solution as a substitute for DBMS_OUTPUT feedback
--  messages.  Be sure to query the "log_table" table each time
--  you run a test that calls this procedure.

CREATE PROCEDURE log_the_msg ( msg IN log_table.message%TYPE )
IS
   PRAGMA AUTONOMOUS_TRANSACTION;

BEGIN
   INSERT INTO log_table( log_date, message )
   VALUES(sysdate, msg);
   COMMIT;

END;

insert into job( job_id, job_name, create_date )
 values( 100, 'NINJA', to_date('01/01/2014','MM/DD/YYYY'));

insert into job( job_id, job_name, create_date )
 values( 200, 'RESEARCHER', to_date('01/12/2014','MM/DD/YYYY'));

insert into job( job_id, job_name, create_date )
 values( 300, 'SECURITY', to_date('03/05/2014','MM/DD/YYYY'));

insert into job( job_id, job_name, create_date )
 values( 400, 'ADMINISTRATIVE', to_date('04/15/2014','MM/DD/YYYY'));

insert into job( job_id, job_name, create_date )
 values( 500, 'FACILITIES', to_date('04/21/2014','MM/DD/YYYY'));

commit;

insert into employee( ename, depno, job_assignment, hire_date )
   values('SPLINTER', 20, 100, to_date('03/15/2014','MM/DD/YYYY')); 

insert into employee( ename, depno, job_assignment, hire_date )
   values('MENDEL', 20, 100, to_date('03/16/2014','MM/DD/YYYY')); 

insert into employee( ename, depno, job_assignment, hire_date )
   values('RAFAEL', 10, 100, to_date('03/15/2014','MM/DD/YYYY')); 

insert into employee( ename, depno, job_assignment, hire_date )
   values('DONATELLO', 30, 200, to_date('03/17/2014','MM/DD/YYYY')); 

insert into employee( ename, depno, job_assignment, hire_date )
   values('MICHELANGELO', 20, 200, to_date('03/10/2014','MM/DD/YYYY')); 

commit;

最初发布PL / SQL Block（已编辑）

-- Originally Posted PL/SQL Block

Declare

  v_deleted_job_id   job.job_id%TYPE:= 100;
  v_error_constraint exception;
  pragma exception_init(v_error_constraint, -2292);

Begin

  DELETE FROM job
   WHERE job_id = v_deleted_job_id;
  COMMIT;

--Confirmation Checkpoint:
  log_the_msg('Ran PL/SQL Code Block to Completion.');

Exception

   When v_error_constraint then
      log_the_msg(SQLERRM);
      raise_application_error(-20001, 
         'You are trying to delete a job associated to an employee.');

End;

查询1 ：

SELECT * FROM log_table
   ORDER BY log_date desc

<强> Results ：

|                     LOG_DATE |                                                                             MESSAGE |
|------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| April, 22 2014 09:22:46+0000 | ORA-02292: integrity constraint (USER_4_AF378.FK_JOB) violated - child record found |
| April, 22 2014 09:22:20+0000 | ORA-02292: integrity constraint (USER_4_AF378.FK_JOB) violated - child record found |

如果您想先阅读有关Oracle数据库异常处理的一些背景信息，请尝试使用Oracle文档中的此参考：Handling PL/SQL Errors。

通常，如果您正在处理Oracle定义的异常，例如：

NO_DATA_FOUND
DIVIDE_BY_ZERO
TOO_MANY_ROWS
DIVIDE_BY_ZERO

触发异常所需要做的就是对项目进行编程以提交错误。例如，在代码正文中，如果你想强制一个＆＃34;除以零＆＃34;例外，只需尝试将零除计算分配给代码中的变量：

v_example_test:= 1500 / 0;

Oracle在尝试执行此指令时将失败，它将从代码中退出到代码底部定义的EXCEPTION PL / SQL块中。

有关使用命名的programmer-defined exceptions的一些其他提示，例如pl / sql代码块中的提示：

v_error_constraint

上面的链接建议使用以下格式来开发和测试自定义程序员定义的异常：

CREATE [OR REPLACE] PROCEDURE procedure_name
    [ (parameter [,parameter]) ]
    IS
    [declaration_section]

    exception_name EXCEPTION;

BEGIN
    executable_section
    RAISE exception_name;

EXCEPTION
    WHEN exception_name THEN
       [statements]

    WHEN OTHERS THEN
       [statements]

END [procedure_name];

ORA-06512小片段

1 个答案:

开发程序员定义的异常